• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.181-205
• /
• 2006

After introduced in 1980's, the Frequent Flyer Program(FFP) was one of the most successful marketing tools in the airline industry and it has become a major linkage pin of strategic alliances for airlines despite of legal constraint. Further, the world air transport market progresses rapidly from a one-to-one alliance to a global alliance among groups due to fierce competition of the markets. In this study, I first examine the trends and the characteristics of global alliance groups. Further, I analyze the types of airline strategic alliances in the FFP, and present management strategy of the FFP for national flag carriers based on the collected data. It is suggested that airlines, including the two major Korean airline companies, consider the advantages of strategic alliances on the FFP in a rapidly changing management environment.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.44 no.6
• /
• pp.739-746
• /
• 2002

We investigated the effect of fig fermented product(FFP) supplementation on growth performance, serum profile, carcass performance, meat performance and meat quality in 10 bulls of Korean cattle. Concentrates diet was supplemented with substrate fermented from fig fruit and leaves at 10% of the diet. The feed intake of FFP were slightly higher than the control, but the final weight showed no sifnificant difference between the two. Daily weight gain and feed intake were increased in FFP. The serum profile had no significant difference in the treatment. In carcass performance, the meat quantity grade of the treatment had no significant difference, but in meat quality grade the marbling score of FFP was significantly(P<0.05) increased therefore it showed a positive effect on meat quality grade. Also there was no significant(P<0.05) difference of meat cut performance in the treatment. Due to the proximate characteristics of longissimuss muscles the crude fat content of the FFP was significantly(P<0.05) increased. There was no significant difference(P<0.05) in physical characteristics ; pH level, meat color and heat loss of the treatment, but the shear force value and the cholesterol content of FFP significantly(P<0.05) decreased. Crude fat was increased(P<0.05) and cooking loss, shear force and cholesterol concentration were decreased. In fatty acids composition of the FFP, the linoleic acid from the longissimus increased significantly(P<0.05). In subcutaneous fat of longissimus of the FFP, C16:0(palmitic acid) significantly(P<0.05) decreased, but C18:1 significantly (P<0.05) increased. Therefore in FFP, the concentration of saturated fatty acid significantly decreased (P<0.05), but on the other hand the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids significantly (P<0.05) increased. In sensory evaluation of the FFP, the evaluation of odor increased slightly in a positive manner, also the appearance and the taste increased significantly(P<0.05). In conclusion when annexing additional fig fermented product to Hanwoo bulls, the carcass grade improves and the livestock production increases. Also the shear force, lower cholesterol, improved appearance and taste will open the doors to high quality meat production.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.16-20
• /
• 2010

In General, the hydraulic system of T-50 Advanced Trainer is applied to flight control system, wheel & Brake system and fuel system for aircraft operation. The hydraulic system is operation with pressure of 3000psi. and many mechanical parts which is operated by hydraulic system has been stressed in incomplete environment same as heat and friction. for example, Oil leakage had occurred in the shutoff valve of FFP used in a certain period of time. After study, The crack progressed by fatigue due to the irregular hydraulic pressure and vibration has been identified as the reason of oil leakage. This paper presents life cycle extension plans of FFP shutoff valve by configuration improvements of shutoff valve and FFP hydraulic motor.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.95-107
• /
• 2014

A customer loyalty program (i.e., FFP) has become more important to keep loyal customers especially for legacy airlines. Therefore, the researchers intended to examine the elements of an airline loyalty program and how these elements influenced the effects of the loyalty program. To set up the research framework, the commitment-trust model (i.e., KMV model) in the loyalty program was used in this study. Shared values, benefits, serviceabilities, and affiliated companies were considered as independent variables (i.e., elements of FFP). Trust and commitment added as mediating variables and customers' loyalty were examined as a dependent variable. A survey has been conducted. All independent variables had positive relationships with trust and commitment and trust influenced commitment. Lastly, the mediating variables had positive effects on customers' loyalty.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1993.07b
• /
• pp.1283-1285
• /
• 1993

A new simulation method for a device including the Floated Field Plate(FFP) is proposed. The external resistance is connected with FFP in order to simulate FFP as a electrode. The numerical I-V characteristic obtained from MEDICI simulation shows fairly good results such as low leakage current and abrupt breakdown voltage curve. The convergence is improved conveniently compared with conventional method which utilize heavily-doped poly silicon as a electrode.

• The Korean Journal of Blood Transfusion
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.145-151
• /
• 2012

배경: 채혈 후 제제 경과시간에 따른 동결혈장의 혈액응고인자의 활성도와 이에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하여, 혈액응고인자제제의 원료혈장의 사용범위를 확장 가능한지 확인하고자 동결혈장의 채혈시간과 응고인자 특성을 측정하였다. 방법: ALT 부적격 혈장을 채혈 후 동결시간의 특성에 따라 4단계로 구분하였고, 6종류의 혈액 응고인자 활성도와 혈액형을 검사하였고, SAS 9.2 프로그램을 사용하여 통계처리 하였다. 결과: 혈액제제간 FVIII 활성도를 분석한 결과 PL-A>FFP>FP(8-24)${\approx}$FP(24-72) 순으로 유의하게 낮아졌고 혈액형에 따라서는 AB형이 제일 높고, O형이 제일 낮았다. 대한적십자사의 원료혈장에 대한 FVIII 활성 품질기준을 적용할 경우 PL-A, FFP와 FP24는 각각 85.0%와 82.5%로 적합하였다. 캐나다 퀘백 주처럼 FP24의 FVIII 활성이 0.52 IU/mL 이상을 적용할 경우 PL-A, FFP와 FP24는 각각 95.0%, 96.3%, 82.6%로 적합하였다. 또한 FP(8-24)의 A형과 AB형, FP(24-72)의 경우 AB형이 각각 82.1%, 83.3%, 100%로 적합하였다. 결론: 혈액응고인자제제용 원료혈장의 범위는 외국의 기준에 비추어 채혈 후 24시간 내에 동결된 혈장(FP24)으로 확대 사용이 가능하다. 이를 위해서는 채혈 후 동결시간과 혈액응고인자에 대한 품질기준을 유럽약전 또는 WHO 가이드라인과 비교하여 완화하는 것이 필요하다.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.33 no.5_2
• /
• pp.641-645
• /
• 2017

This study was conducted to compare three agro-climatic indices among 22 agro-climatic zones in Northeast China area. Meteorological data produced by NASA (MERRA-2) was used to calculate growing degree days (GDD), frost free period (FFP), and growth season length (GSL) at this study sites. The three indices did not differ among 6 years (2011-2016). However, they showed statistical spatial difference among agro-climatic zones. The GDD ranged between $531.7^{\circ}C{\cdot}day$ (zone 22) and $1650.6^{\circ}C{\cdot}day$ (zone 1). The range of the FFP was from 141.5 day (zone 22) to 241.7 day (zone 1). And the GSL showed spatial distribution between 125.1 day (zone 22) and 217.9 day (zone 1).

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 2016

Background: The functioning of the serratus anterior (SA) muscle is essential to normal scapulohumeral rhythm during forward flexion (FF) of the shoulder. Also, SA weakness and overuse of the upper trapezius (UT) is observed in patients with shoulder dysfunction and trapezius myalgia. We designed a combination exercise involving FF and scapular protraction with resistance (CFFSP) to activate the SA muscle and to deactivate the UT muscle. Objects: The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not CFFSP would be more effective in activating the SA muscle than FF alone and FF with scapular protraction (FFP). Methods: Nineteen subjects (12 men and 7 women) participated in this study and performed FF, FFP, and CFFSP at $120^{\circ}$. Surface electromyography was applied to the SA, UT, and pectoralis major (PM) muscles, as was one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures. Statistical significance was set at .05. Bonferroni adjustment was used to counteract the problem of multiple comparisons, with a statistical level of significance of .017 (.05/3). Results: A statistically significant difference was found in relation to the three positions for the SA muscle (p<.001) and the SA/UT ratio (p=.005) using ANOVA. Significantly different results, depending on the position, were also demonstrated using the Bonferroni post-hoc test for the SA muscle ($FF=28.27{\pm}16.20$, $FFP=45.66{\pm}15.81$, and $CFFSP=62.4{\pm}27.21$) and for the SA/UT ratio ($FF=3.04{\pm}2.14$, $FFP=3.61{\pm}2.38$, and $CFFSP=5.95{\pm}3.01$). Significant differences between the three positions was not found regarding the average amplitude of SA/PM muscle ratio (SA/PM: p=.060). Conclusion: We recommend the use of CFFSP to strengthen the SA muscle at $120^{\circ}$.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.101-105
• /
• 2017

This study examined the firefighting publicity satisfaction (FFPS) and the effects of firefighting publicity (EOFFP) on efficient firefighting publicity (FFP). In addition, the relationship between FFPS and EOFFP was analyzed. The result of the investigation of the FFPS was 58.5 points, which was slightly higher than the medium. The result of EOFFP revealed an increase in fire safety consciousness. In particular, the fire extinguishing ability was higher than the other item. The most powerful FFP method in raising fire safety consciousness was the Internet/Smart phone. Another effective and favorite method of FFP was the media. Fire safety consciousness did not influence the FFPS but the FFPS had an impact on the EOFFP.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2007.06a
• /
• pp.424-425
• /
• 2007

Anti-Reflection and High-reflection coating on the facet of semiconductor laser diode. To prevent internal feedback from both facets for realizing super luminescent diode and reducing the reflection-induced intensity noise of laser diode. Anti-Reflection coating Film was designed by Macleod Simulator. Coating Materials were decided $Ti_3O_5$ and $SiO_2$. Thickness of Coating layer $Ti_3O_5/SiO_2$ were 105[nm], 165[nm]. In the study Anti-Reflection coating Film was design for Laser diode and deposited by Ion-Assisted Deposition system. Then manufactured thin film measured electrical properties(L-I-V, Se, Resistor) and Optical properties(wavelength FFP). Slop-efficiency and FFP characteristic is 0.302[W/A], $22.3^{\circ}$(Horizontal), $24.4^{\circ}$(Vertical).