• Mycobiology
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2002

Gibberella fujikuroi is species complex. This species complex includes Fusarium tabacinum, F. moniliforme(=F. verticillioides), F. nygamai, F. proliferatum as well as F. subglutinans. Our objective was to develop a technique to differentiate between isolates of F. subglutinans, F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides. Thirty-two strains of F. subglutinans, six strains from F. verticillioides and five strains of F. Proliferatum isolated from maize in Austria were studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD). F. subglutinans strains clustered very closely, with similarity ranging from $87{\sim}100%$. On the other hand, all the amplification patterns of F. verticillioides were identical, as well as in the case of F. proliferatum. Our results indicated that these Fusaria species are distinct species and hence RAPD markers can be quick and reliable for differentiating them.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.132-136
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• 1990

Fusarium속의 10균주를 PDA 배지에서 배양하고 HCI-Giemsa 염색법을 이용하여 균사내에서의 영양핵의 핵분열을 관찰하였다. 관찰한 결과는 F. moniliforme 1750과 7219는 n=8개였다. F. subglutinans 1082는 n=8개, F subglutinans 1083은 n=7개로 균주에 따라 염색체수에 차이가 있었다. F. nygamai 5668과 F. nygamai 7132는 각각 n=7, n=5개로 달랐다. F. beomiforme 9758과 9760은 두 균주 모두 n=7개였고, F. coccidicola ATCC 24138과 F. acuminatum ATCC 16560은 n=6개였다. 본 실험의 재료에서는 n=5-8개의 염색체수를 나타내고 있으나 다른 여러 종들에 대한 보고 등을 고려할 때 본 속의 기본 염색체수는 n=4개로 추정하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.397-406
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• 2014

Maize is a socioeconomically important crop in many countries. Recently, a high incidence of stalk rot disease has been reported in several maize fields in Gangwon province. In this report, we show that maize stalk rot is associated with the fungal pathogens Fusarium subglutinans and F. temperatum. Since no fungicides are available to control these pathogens on maize plants, we selected six fungicides (tebuconazole, difenoconazole, fluquinconazole, azoxystrobin, prochloraz and kresoxim-methyl) and examined their effectiveness against the two pathogens. The in vitro antifungal effects of the six fungicides on mycelial growth and colony formation were investigated. Based on the inhibition of mycelial growth, the most toxic fungicide was tebuconazole with 50% effective concentrations ($EC_{50}$) of < $0.1{\mu}g/ml$ and $EC_{90}$ values of $0.9{\mu}g/ml$ for both pathogens, while the least toxic fungicide was azoxystrobin with $EC_{50}$ values of 0.7 and $0.5{\mu}g/ml$ for F. subglutinans and F. temperatum, respectively, and $EC_{90}$ values of > $3,000{\mu}g/ml$ for both pathogens. Based on the inhibition of colony formation by the two pathogens, kresoxim-methyl was the most toxic fungicide with complete inhibition of colony formation at concentrations of 0.1 and $0.01{\mu}g/ml$ for F. subglutinans and F. temperatum, respectively, whereas azoxystrobin was the least toxic fungicide with complete inhibition of colony formation at concentrations > $3,000{\mu}g/ml$ for both pathogens.

• Mycobiology
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.343-346
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• 2015

In 2006~2010, leaf spot symptoms, that is, small, yellow spots that turned into dark brown-to-black lesions surrounded by a yellow halo, were observed on Cymbidium spp. in Gongju, Taean, and Gapyeong in Korea. A Fusarium species was continuously isolated from symptomatic leaves; in pathogenicity testing, isolates caused leaf spot symptoms consisting of sunken, dark brown lesions similar to the original ones. The causal pathogen was identified as Fusarium subglutinans based on morphological and translation elongation factor 1-alpha sequence analyses. This is the first report of F. subglutinans as the cause of leaf spot disease in Cymbidium spp. in Korea.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2009

In 2007, a total of 77 isolates of Fusarium spp. were obtained from ear rot symptoms of corns collected from 5 locations in Gangwon Province, Korea. The fungal isolates were identified based on their morphological features. Out of the isolates, fifteen isolates were identified as Fusarium verticillioides which formed microconidia in long chains on monophialides. Four isolates were identified as F. subglutinans which formed microconida only on false heads. Six isolates were identified as F. graminearum which produced red pigment in PDA culture. Besides these Fusarium species, F. napiform, F. nygamai, and F. oxysporum were identified from the rest isolates. To assess for genetic diversity of the isolates, a random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) technique was carried out using URP primers. The results from the RAPD analysis showed that the isolates from corn were divided into 6 groups. These RAPD groups of the Fusarium species corresponded to morphological characters of the Fusarium species. The phylogenetic analysis of most isolates by DNA sequencing of EF-1$\alpha$ gene corresponded to morphological characters of the Fusarium species. The results of pathogenicity tests by two inoculation methods revealed that F. verticillioides, F. graminearum and F. subglutinans are strongly pathogenic to corn stalks.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2002

A survey of Fusarium wilt of perilla was conducted in 12 locations in Korea from 1999 to 2001. The disease occurred in 74 out of 187 fields in the 12 locations surveyed, and incidence of the disease reached up to 30% at its maximum in some perilla fields in Seosan and Dangjin. Incidence of the disease in the other locations ranged from 0.2 to 20%. A total of 327 isolates of Fusarium spp. were obtained from stems and roots of the diseased perilla plants. The isolates were identified based on their morphological characteristics. Out of the 327 isolates of Fusarium, 277 isolates from 12 locations were identified as F. oxysporum, 11 isolates from three locations as F. solani,17 isolates from two locations as F. equiseti, 4 isolates from one location as F. avenaceum and 6 isolates from one location as F. subglutinans. The other 12 isolates of Fusarium from four locations were unidentified. Twelve isolates of F. oxysporum and two isolates each of the other Fusarium spp. were tested for their pathogenicity to five cultivars of perilla. Seven isolates of F. oxysporum were strongly pathogenic to some perilla cultivars, but the other five isolates were weakly or not pathogenic. One isolate of F. solani was strongly pathogenic to all the perilla cultivars tested, but another isolate was not pathogenic. All the isolates of F. equiseti, F. avenaceum, and F. Subglutinans tested were not pathogenic to any of the perilla cultivars tested. Symptoms on the perilla plants induced by artificial inoculation with strongly pathogenic isolates of F. oxysporum and F. solani appeared as wilt, stem blight, and root yet, which were similar to those observed in the fields. The isolates which induced symptoms by artificial inoculation were re-isolated from the lesions of the perilla plants inoculated. All the isolates of F. oxysporum tested were not pathogenic to eight other crops inoculated. Results of this study reveal that F. oxysporum is the main pathogen of perilla wilt and that it is host specific to perilla. forma specialis of F. oxysporum causing wilt of perilla is proposed as perillae.

• 식물병연구
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.326-329
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• 2015

후자린산은 Fusarium이 생성하는 독소로서 다른 Fusarium 독소와 함께 독성을 증진시킬 수 있다. 후자린산 독소를 특이적으로 검출하기 위해 후자린산의 생합성유전자 중 전사인자인 FUB10을 증폭하는 프라이머를 제작하였다. Fub10-f와 Fub10-r 프라이머쌍으로 PCR을 수행했을 때, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. verticillioides, F. anthophilum, F. bulbicola, F. circinatum, F. fujikuroi, F. redolens, F. sacchari, F. subglutinans, F. thapsinum에서 약 550 bp의 단일밴드가 증폭되었으며 이들은 모두 후자린산을 생성하는 것으로 알려졌다. 반면 트라이코쎄신을 생성하는 종에서는 FUB10 특이 밴드가 증폭되지 않았다. 후자린산은 푸모니신을 생성하는 종에서 함께 생성될 수 있기 때문에 FUB10 프라이머와 푸모니신 생합성유전자인 FUM1 프라이머를 이용한 multiplex PCR을 수행하였다. 그 결과 푸모니신 생성종인 F. proliferatum과 F. verticillioides에서 밴드가 모두 증폭되었으며 이는 두 가지 독소를 생성할 수 있는 종에서 동시 검출이 가능함을 시사하였다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.310-316
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• 2012

Gibberellea fujikuroi (Gf) 종복합체는 최소 15개의 종으로 구성되어 있으며, 대부분 식물에 병을 일으킬 뿐 아니라 푸모니신과 같은 곰팡이독소를 생성한다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 벼와 옥수수로부터 분리한 Gf 종복합체 소속 야생형 균주의 푸모니신 생성능을 검정하였다. 이들 분석대상 균주는 모두 푸모니신 생합성에 필수적인 polyketide synthase 유전자 FUM1을 가지고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 총 88주의 Gf 종복합체 소속 균주(55 F. fujikuroi, 10 F. verticillioides, 20 F. proliferatum, 2 F. subglutinans, 1 F. concentricum)와 Gf 종복합체의 근연종인 4주의 F. commune를 쌀 배지에 배양한 후 각 균주의 푸모니신 생성 농도를 HPLC 방법으로 측정하였다. 대부분의 F. verticillioides과 F. proliferatum 균주는 기주 식물에 관계없이 푸모니신 $B_1$($0.5-2,686.4{\mu}g/g$)과 $B_2$($0.7-1,497.6{\mu}g/g$)를 다양한 범위 내에서 생성하였다. 반면 모든 F. fujikuroi을 비롯한 다른 Fusarium spp.의 균주로부터는 푸모니신이 검출되지 않았거나 $10{\mu}g/g$ 이하 수준의 미량만 검출되었다. 흥미롭게도 F. proliferatum과 F. fujikuroi의 경우, 옥수수 유래 균주 집단에서 벼 유래 균주 집단에 비해 상대적으로 고농도 푸모니신 생성 균주의 비율이 높았다. 한편, FUM1 유전자를 함유하고 있는 F. commune의 푸모니신 생성능은 본 연구를 통해 처음 보고된다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.217-222
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• 2011

율무(Coix lacryma-jobi)는 동아시아에 자생하는 작물로, 종실은 주로 건강식품이나 의약용으로 사용되고 있다. 2006년부터 2008년까지 국내 율무 재배 지역에서 이삭마름 증상이 관찰되었다. 병징은 겉껍질이 변색되고, 내부의 속씨는 마르고 쭉정이가 되는 것이다. 159개의 Fusarium균을 분리하였고, 분리 빈도별로 F. graminearum(34%), F. proliferatum(14.5%), F. verticillioides(10.1%), F. equiseti(6.9%), F. fujikuroi(6.3%) 순으로 분리되었고, 그 밖에 F. subglutinans, F. semitectum, F. poae, F. sporodochioides가 분리되었다. 분리균주의 elongation factor 1 alpha 유전자의 염기서열 분석을 통한 계통분석을 수행한 결과, NCBI GenBank에 등록된 균주와 동일한 것을 확인하였다. 분리균주의 병원성 검정을 수행한 결과, F. graminearum, F. proliferatum, F. verticillioides가 병원성이 강하였다. 이 연구는 Fusarium균에 의해 발생한 율무 이삭마름 증상에 대한 첫 번째 보고이다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.334-338
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• 1995

The electrophoretic karyotypes of 6 species in different Fusarium sections were examined by using contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) gel electrophoresis. Intact chromosomal DNA was prepared from protoplasts and up to 9 distinct bands were separated on 0.7% or 0.8% agarose gel under several different conditions. Putative chromosome numbers varied from 6 to 9 amd polymorphic karyotypes were observed in different Fusarium sections. Using Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomes as standards, the sizes of the Fusarium spp. chromosomes were estimated. The electrophoretic karyotypes of F. moniliforme and F. subglutinans (section Liseola) were similar. Unidentified filamentour fungi, F. beomiforme was much closer to F. axysporum (section Elecgans) in karyotype and the karyotypes of F. napiforme were more similar to those of section Liseola than any other sections. F. graminearum (section Discolor) had a distinctive electrophoretic karyotype.