• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.520-523
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• 2009

There are many ways to judge whether the input image is adult-image or not. Until now, adult image detection has been examined by the ratio of skin area in full image. In this paper, we propose a method to extract skin region in YCbCr. Skin region shows unique distribution in YCbCr, and we will separate the skin region from background using the distribution. First, we are going to find Eye zone using Eye-Map. Then we will find out the color value for the distribution of skin region using the color of Eye zone. Next, we will find the distribution of the area through the skin region in full-image.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.89-96
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• 2009

A lot of information is contained in an image or a movie rather than in a text, and it is very important thing to extract context from them. In this study, we propose a method to detect an open/closed eye and determine the location of a pupil in an eye image which is extracted from a movie. The image is normalized using transformation into bipolarization with white and black color and horizontalizing, and we measure width and height of an eye. With these information, we can determine the open or closed eye and the location of the pupil. Experiments were done with 52 images of eyes from movies using this method, and we get good results with 98% of correctness in detection of open/closed eyes and 95% in detection of pupil's location.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 1981

In this study, measuring eye movements with E.O.G. to targets beyond 20$^{\circ}$ from fixation point, results are as follows. (1) When the eyes turn toward targets of more than 20$^{\circ}$ eccentricity, the first saccadic eye movement falls short of the target. The presence of image of the target off the fovea(visual error signal) subsequent to such an undershoot elicits, after short interval, corrective saccadic eye movements(usually one) which place the image of the target on the fovea. (2) There are different programming modes at retina for eye movement to targets within and beyond 20$^{\circ}$ from the fixation point. (3) Saccadic system, preparing the direction and amplitude of eye movement completes the corrective saccadic eye movements. (4) Distribution of latency and intersaccadic interval(I.S.I.)are frequently multi modal, with a seperation between modes of 25[msec]. (5) There are two types of saccadic eye movements for the double-step targets. This fact suggests that the visual information is sampled stochastically. (6) The new model of saccadic system including the dissociation of visual functions dependent on retinal eccentricity is required.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 2020

With the increasing demand for head-mounted display applications, the image quality provided by a near-eye display device is a key factor in satisfying the consumer. Among various techniques to realize a near-eye display that has a thinner volume than the working distance of a human eye, a lightfield image-generation method based on a pinhole array is attracting much attention, with its simple and thin structure. In this paper, we propose a numerical analysis of the visual parameters and verifications with computational reconstruction.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.561-574
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• 2009

Black has been the most important color of all since the ancient times when the recognition of black roused, as well as during most of the eras; and can especially be said as the main color which controlled the chronicles of fashion. The purpose of the study was to broaden the application of black color image make-up by inquiring into make-up design elemental characteristics of lines and textures, after classifying magazine illustrations and advertisement make-up images using black. The photos which made effective use of black among fashion illustrations, magazine advertisements after 2001 were classified in to each type, and make-up expression method and characteristics according to design element of each image type was analyzed. The conclusion of such study was the following. 'Erotic image' showed contrast effect between eye make-up and lip color by using pale tone or red color. 'Mannish image' emphasized form and texture of eyebrow by restraining the colors of eyelids with natural brown tone eye make-up; 'Modern image' expressed vague eyebrow to bring the sensation of the direction of eye shadow on eyelids and eye line as well as slant line to relief. 'Kitsch image' showed free and light imagery by creating unique hair style with various colors; expressing lips mostly with colors similar to skin tone or by restraining colors on lips. 'Decadence image' showed messy and foul sensation with unstandardized eye make-up and matt skin of shimmer, glossy and pale tone, also with black colored lips; 'Retro image' expressed reinterpretation of images from 1920${\sim}$1960 to contemporary styles.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.06d
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• pp.21-24
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• 2001

In this paper, we present a fast face detection algorithm by estimating the eye region using neural network. To implement a real time face detection system, it is necessary to reduce search space. We limit the search space just to a few pairs of eye candidates. For the selection of them, we first isolate possible eye regions in the fast and robust way by modified histogram equalization. The eye candidates are paired to form an eye pair and each of the eye pair is estimated how close it is to a true eye pair in two aspects : One is how similar the two eye candidates are in shape and the other is how close each of them is to a true eye image A multi-layer perceptron neural network is used to find the eye candidate region's closeness to the true eye image. Just a few best candidates are then verified by eigenfaces. The experimental results show that this approach is fast and reliable. We achieved 94% detection rate with average 0.1 sec Processing time in Pentium III PC in the experiment on 424 gray scale images from MIT, Yale, and Yonsei databases.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.11b
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• pp.511-513
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• 1998

This paper describes a full color stereoscopic video display system using a LCD shutter. Human apprehends the world with a natural stereo vision. The left eye sees through a slightly different perspective from the right eye; proposed vision system combines two images into a single image that has stereo depth. That is, when the left image is on the screen, the left shutter opens and the right shutter closes - and vice versa. The LCD shutter channels the left image to the left eye, and the right image to the right eye. The brain then fuses the stereo pair into a single high-resolution, flicker-free 3D image. The designed vision system is a real-time system that shows stereoscopic images without the loss of image information from video cameras.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2019.07a
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• pp.223-224
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 카메라의 실시간 영상에서 얻을 수 있는 데이터를 수집 및 분석하여 일반인들에게 스마트폰의 실제 사용량, 최적화면 표현, 그리고 건조증 위험도의 정보를 제공하는 "i-eye" 응용 앱을 제안하여 눈 건강관리를 가능하게 한다. 제안하는 앱은 발전된 스마트 폰을 기반으로 동작되며 아이트래킹(eye-gaze tracking), 영상거리측정(image distance measurement), 눈 데이터분석(eye data analysis)의 3가지 핵심기술을 제안한다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1-14
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• 2012

A river is defined as the watercourse flowing through its channel, and the mapping tasks of a river plays an important role for the research on the topographic changes in the riparian zones and the research on the monitoring of flooding in its floodplain. However, the utilization of the ground surveying technologies is not efficient for the mapping tasks of a river due to the irregular surfaces of the riparian zones and the dynamic changes of water level of a river. Recently, the spatial information data sets are widely used for the coastal mapping tasks due to the acquisition of the topographic information without human accessibility. In this research, we tried to extract a river from the RapidEye imagery by using the ISODATA(Iterative Self_Organizing Data Analysis) classification algorithm with the two different parameters(NIR (Near Infra-Red) band and NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)). First, the two different images(the NIR band image and the NDVI image) were generated from the RapidEye imagery. Second, the ISODATA algorithm were applied to each image and each river was generated in each image through the post-processing steps. River boundaries were also extracted from each classified image using the Sobel edge detection algorithm. Ground truths determined by the experienced expert are used for the assessment of the accuracy of an each generated river. Statistical results show that the extracted river using the NIR band has higher accuracies than the extracted river using the NDVI.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.505-513
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• 2014

The RapidEye can acquire the 6.5m spatial resolution satellite imagery with the high temporal resolution on each day, based on its constellation of five satellites. The image products are available in two processing levels of Basic 1B and Ortho 3A. The Basic 1B image have radiometric and sensor corrections and include RPCs (Rational Polynomial Coefficients) data. In Korea, the geometric accuracy of RapidEye imagery can be improved, based on the scaled national digital maps that had been built. In this paper, we present the fully automated procedures to georegister the 1B data using 1:25,000 digital maps. Those layers of map are selected if the layers appear well in the RapidEye image, and then the selected layers are RPCs-projected into the RapidEye 1B space for generating vector images. The automated edge-based matching between the vector image and RapidEye improves the accuracy of RPCs. The experimental results showed the accuracy improvement from 2.8 to 0.8 pixels in RMSE when compared to the maps.