• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.323-328
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to investigate the sensory quality attributes for the development of soy sauce containing an extract of the fruit of Hovenia dulcis Thunb (Hutgae), also known as liver function improvement and hangover removal. Aqueous extracts of Hutgae fruit and Hutgae fruit-soy sauce were used for determining the sensory evaluation. The intensity of the sweet smell and taste was predominated in the Hutgae fruit extract (p<0.05). Various seasoning items, such as apples, pears, dried figs, Korean bramble (Bokbunja), citron (Yuza) and sun-dried hot pepper (Taeyangcho), were used to determine the suitable type of seasoned soy sauce with the Hutgae fruit extract. In the sensory analysis, the highest overall preference (acceptance score 5) was obtained from the pear extract added to soy sauce with the Hutgae fruit. The overall preference of Yuza (score 4.9) and Taeyangcho (score 4.5) extracts also very well-matched the seasoning items for soy sauce with the Hutgae fruit extract. There was no difference among the extract mixtures of multi-seasoning items added to soy sauce with the Hutgae fruit extract. As more pear extract was added, a higher overall preference was obtained. On the other hand, as the more Yuza extract was added, the higher flavor intensity without the change of the overall preference was obtained. The overall preference of soy sauce with the pear- Yuza-Taeyangcho extract mixture was not different between with or without the Hutgae fruit extract. However, the overall preference (score 5.6) was significantly higher in the pear extract added to soy sauce with the Hutgae fruit extract compared with the pear extract added to soy sauce without the Hutgae fruit extract (score 4.8). These results suggest that soy sauce with the Hutgae fruit-pear extract mixture may be useful as a functional seasoning for various salad dressings.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2019

This study was intended to provide basic data for a health functional food study by exploring antioxidant activity of reflux extract according to the concentration of ethanol and the extract of ultrasonic waves extracted and reflux extracted under the same solvent conditions. In the same solvent condition, the reflux extract ($75.10{\pm}1.99mg$) showed a higher total phenol content than the ultrasonic wave extract ($51.74{\pm}2.28mg$). Flavonoids also had a higher reflux extract ($25.05{\pm}1.53mg$) than did ultrasonic extracts ($16.23{\pm}1.95mg$). Reflux extract according to ethanol concentration was found to have a higher phenol content than the 70% ethanol extract ($40.60{\pm}1.49mg$) in 60% ethanol extract. Flavonoid content was also similar to phenol content in reflux extract as determined by ethanol concentration from 60% ethanol ($25.05{\pm}1.53mg$) to 70% ethanol extract ($6.60{\pm}0.46mg$). In addition, the antioxidant activity (DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, ORAC) of the reflux extract in the same solvent conditions tended to be higher than that of ultrasonic extracts. Also, 60% ethanol extract had better antioxidant activity than 70% ethanol extract. However, an analysis of phenolic acid content through HPLC showed that the ultrasonic extract had a higher content in the same solvent condition than did the reflux extract. Not only the presence of phenolic acid, but also those of other compounds are believed to be attributed to the activity of antioxidants. Therefore, further studies are needed to clarify this phenomenon.

• 정보과학회 논문지
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• 제41권10호
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• pp.859-869
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• 2014

최근 몇 년 동안, 난독화 기술은 악성 코드를 보호하기 위해 악용되어 큰 위협이 되고 있다. 특히, 가상 머신 기반으로 난독화된 악성 코드의 경우, 원본 프로그램이 직접적으로 드러나지 않고 가상머신의 의미와 원본 프로그램의 의미가 함께 수행되므로 분석하기 어렵다. 이러한 위협에 대응하기 위하여, 가상 머신 기반으로 난독화된 프로그램을 분석하는 동적 분석 기반의 프레임워크를 제안한다. 첫째, 난독화된 실행파일의 동적 실행 트레이스를 추출한다. 둘째, 동적 실행 트레이스를 중간언어로 변환하고 동적 제어 흐름 그래프를 이용하여 가상 머신의 구조를 추출한다. 결과적으로, 추출된 가상 머신 구조를 이용하여 원본 프로그램의 의미를 추출한다. 본 논문은 최신 상용 난독화 도구로 난독화된 실행파일에서 원본 프로그램을 추측할 수 있는 방안을 제시한다. 개발된 도구는 가상 머신 기반으로 난독화된 프로그램을 이해하고 프로그램 분석 기법을 적용하는 데 활용될 수 있으며 추출된 원본 프로그램의 요약 의미를 이용하여 추가적인 분석을 적용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.191-194
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• 2017

Ocimum gratissimum is a common plant in the tropics and has been used in food and medicine. Its usage in food and medicine could be attributed to its phtyochemical and antimicrobial properties. In this study we investigated the proximate, phytochemical, and antimicrobial attributes of air dried leaves of O. gratissimum. The aqueous extract was found to contain phtyochemicals with alkaloid and saponin present in appreciable amounts. The proximate analysis (crude protein and crude fibre content were 15.075% and 17.365%, respectively) showed that the leaf could be a good source of protein and fibre. The aqueous ethanolic extract of the leaf exhibited activity against a wider range of organisms when compared to the aqueous extract at the investigated concentrations. Aqueous ethanolic extracts of O. gratissimum leaf was active against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus and the aqueous extract of the leaf was active against P. aeruginosa.

• 생약학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.46-50
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidative activities and tyrosinase inhibition effects of fractions from the distilled water extract of Inonotus obliquus. Moreover, GC-MS based analysis with trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatization was carried out for active compound in the extract of I. obliquus. In DPPH radical scavenging ability, $SC_{50}$ values of the ethyl acetate fraction was 0.393 mg/ml as a result of the most effective than other fractions. Meanwhile, aqueous fraction showed higher effect in tyrosinase inhibitoty activity. In GC-MS based analysis with TMS derivatization, 7 compounds including syringic acid, vanillic acid and protocatechuic acid were observed in ethyl acetate fraction, and oxalic acid is the main compound in aqueous fraction. As a result, it was confirmed that oxalic acid in aqueous fraction from the distilled water extract of I. obliquus was a compound showing tyrosinase inhibition effect.

• 생약학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.78-85
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• 2020

In this study, we shortly introduced the HPLC method validation guideline for the analysis of functional food which was released from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety of Korea in Dec 2018. The HPLC method validation was performed through the aforementioned HPLC method validation guideline in order to quantitate scopoletin content from the hot-water extract powder of Artemisia annua Linné. The HPLC method was validated by evaluating specificity, accuracy, precision, limit of quantitation and linearity. All parameters were in the suitable ranges which are designated in the guideline, which indicated the current HPLC method is reliable to quantitate the scopoletin content from the hot-water extract of A. annua.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.396-399
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• 2002

An attempt was made in this study to investigate the optimum extracting time from meat with bone of goat and the nutritional component of its extract. for the trials, the mixtures of meat with bone and water were adjusted to the ratios of five to four by weight and extracted for 6, 9 and 12 hours at 120$\^{C}$ under autoclave. Judging from the content of mineral and amino acid, nonenzymatic browning and yield, the optimum extracting time was 9 hours. The major components of mineral were composed of 47.7mg％ potassium, 12.7mg% calcium, 150.0mg% sodium, 105.3mg% phosphorus and 0.5mg% iron, and of amino acids composed of 1,308.0mg% glutamic acid, 1,464.2mg% glycine, 750.2mg% alanine and 828.lmg% proline in extract. The yield of extract was 32.1 percentage by dry basis.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.188-200
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• 2019

Rubber articles contain various organic additives such as antidegradants, curing agents, and processing aids. It is important to extract and analyze these organic additives. In this paper, various extraction methods of organic additives present in rubber composites were introduced (solvent extraction, Soxhlet extraction, headspace extraction, and solid-phase microextraction), and the extracts were characterized using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Solvent and Soxhlet extractions are easy-to-perform and commonly used methods. Efficiency of solvent extraction varies according to the type of solvent used and the extraction conditions. Soxhlet extraction requires a large volume of solvent. Headspace sampling is suitable for extracting volatile organic compounds, while solid-phase extraction is suitable for extracting specific chemicals. GC/MS is generally used for characterizing the extract of a rubber composite because most components of the extract are volatile and have low molecular weights. Identification methods of chemical structures of the components separated by GC column were also introduced.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.539-546
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• 2008

This study was conducted in order to investigate the effects of maesil extract on medium and cake flour using the falling number and RVA tests, as well as farinography, and alveography. The maesil extract were added on the medium and cake flour bases, 3% and 5% each. The falling numbers of the medium and cake flour with maesil extract were increased due to alteration of the protein in the flour. Analysis of the RVA characteristics showed that the addition of maesil extract did not have a significant effect on the initial pasting temperature. Peak viscosity, holding strength, final viscosity, and the breakdown and setback values of the medium flour were not consistent, but those of the cake flour decreased. Farinography demonstrated that the addition of maesil extract decreased water absorption and improved the stability of the medium and cake flour. The characteristics of the alveogram showed that the addition of maesil extract increased the extensibility and swelling index. Based on the experimental data, the processing rheology may be good when using maesil extract to make yellow layer cake.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2013

We screened the pharmacological effects of a 50% ethanol extract of Yacon tubers and leaves on spermatogenesis in rats. As a result, we found that Yacon tuber extracts increased sperm number and serum testosterone level in rats. It has been reported that the crude extract of Yacon tubers and leaves contain phenolic acids, such as, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid and caffeic acid by HPLC/MS analysis. We were interested in the contributions made by phenolic acid, particularly chlorogenic acid of Yacon tuber extract to the spermatogenic activity. After administering Yacon tuber extract or chlorogenic acid to rats for 5 weeks, numbers of sperm in epididymis were increased by 34% and 20%, respectively. We also administered ferulic acid, which has been reported to be a metabolite of chlorogenic acid and a constituent of Yacon tuber extract to investigate its spermatogenic activity in rats. Yacon tuber extract and ferulic acid increased sperm numbers by 43% and 37%, respectively. And, Yacon tuber extract, and chlorogenic acid showed significantly inhibition effect of testoeterone degradation in rat liver homogenate. We considered that the spermatogenic effect of Yacon tuber extract might be related to phenolic compounds and their inhibitory effect of testosterone degradation. Yacon showed the possibility as ameliorable agents of infertility by sperm deficiency and late onset hypogonadism syndrome with low level of testosterone.