• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권8호
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• pp.1991-1997
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• 2019

In this manuscript, we present a method for the direct calculation of an ambient dose equivalent (H^* (10)) for the external gamma-ray exposure with an energy range of 40 keV to 2 MeV in an electronic personal dosimeter (EPD). The designed EPD consists of a 3 × 3 ㎟ PIN diode coupled to a 3 × 3 × 3 ㎣ CsI (Tl) scintillator block. The spectrum-to-dose conversion function (G(E)) for estimating H^* (10) was calculated by applying the gradient-descent method based on the Monte-Carlo simulation. The optimal parameters for the G(E) were found and this conversion of the H^* (10) from the gamma spectra was verified by using ²⁴¹Am, ¹³⁷Cs, ²²Na, ⁵⁴Mn, and ⁶⁰Co radioisotopes. Furthermore, gamma spectra and H^* (10) were obtained for an arbitrarily mixed multiple isotope case through Monte-Carlo simulation in order to expand the verification to more general cases. The H^* (10) based on the G(E) function for the gamma spectra was then compared with H^* (10) calculated by simulation. The relative difference of H^* (10) from various single-source spectra was in the range of ±2.89%, and the relative difference of H^* (10) for a multiple isotope case was in the range of ±5.56%.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.452-466
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to assess the use of food materials at elementary school in Busan area and provide school meal management with basic data to improvement of guideline. A survey was done by e-mail with a set of questionnaires, which was responeded by 122 dietitians in elementary school foodservice. The results were as follows; Sixty percent of the dietitians though to the general imported food materials had to use. Regarding mean score of using the imported food materials; safety was 2.12/5.00, freshness 2.48/5.00, sanitation 2.68/5.00, nutrition 2.73/5.00, preference 2.93/5.00, external form 3.09/5.00, package 3.12/5.00, and price 3.63/5.00. Thirty seven percent of the dietitians had purchase the pro-environment farm products(PEFPs) and 32.0% of them purchased those products for the students' health. But 52.4% could not purchase to the PEFPs because of expensive price. They had negative opinions about deficient supplying of PEFPs 4.51/5.00, too expensive price 4.34/5.00, and the truth or false in source of PEFPs 3.96/5.00. Most of them perceived that using the PEFPs had to apply the step by step. Among of them, 33.9% had the knowledge of PEFPs, but 16.4 of them did not know to the PEPPs. 57.4% of them hoped to purchase the food materials through a center of supporting school meal servcie(it called non-profit-making organizations).

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.407-412
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• 2016

본 연구에서 제안하는 디자인은 아동의 자유로운 공상과 체험적 습득에 대한 고민을 가지고 있으며, 외형적으로는 태양광에너지를 활용하고 인간친화적인 소프트웨어를 포함하는 융복합적이며, 환경친화적인 놀이기구를 주제로 한 공공디자인에 관한 것이다. 모듈화된 태양광발전장치는 몇 가지 단점에도 불구하고 범용성을 갖추어 태양과 생명의 관계라는 콘셉트를 구현하기 적절하였다. 놀이는 아동에게는 그 자체로 하나의 세계이다. 그러므로 사실적 형태보다는 공상을 자극할만한 유연한 어떤 것이어야 했고, 태양광이 단순히 전력공급원으로 사용되는 것을 넘어 기구를 매개로 태양과 아동이 함께 호흡하는 것을 상상해 보았다.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2016년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.172-172
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• 2016

The International Maritime Organization(IMO) adopted the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments in 2004 to prevent the transfer of aquatic organisms via ballast water. Forty ballast water treatment systems were granted final approval. A variety of techniques have been developed for ballast water treatment including UV treatment, indirect or direct electrolysis, ozone treatment, chemical compounds and plasma-arc method. In particular, using plasma and ozone nano-bubble treatments have been attracted in the fields. However, these treatment systems have a problem such as remained toxic substance, demand for high power source, low efficiency, ets. In this paper, we present our strilization results obtained from membrane type electrolytic-reduction treatment system The core of an electrolysis unit is an electrochemical cell, which is filled with pure water and has two electrodes connected with an external power supply. At a certain voltage, which is called critical voltage, between both electrodes, the electrodes start to produce hydrogen gas at the negatively biased electrode and oxygen gas at the positively biased electrode. The amount of gases produced per unit time is directly related to the current that passes through the electrochemical cell. From the results, we could confirm the sterilization effect of bacteria such as S. aureus, E. Coli and demonstrate the mechanism of sterilization phenomena by electrolytic-reduction treatment system.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.146-152
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• 2009

강관튜브를 엑스레이 선원의 방사선에 노출 시, 투과방사선은 통상 필름이나 근래 많이 사용되는 CR의 영상판 등에 검출된다. 검출된 방사선은 대상체의 양면 영역을 중복하여 관통하여 방사선 영상에는 내외부 매질 상태가 겹쳐서 나타나며 동시에 방사선 투과와 기하학적 배치에 기인한 비선형 왜곡이 영상에 반영된다. 본 논문에는 강관튜브 CR영상으로부터 영상을 복원하는 해석적 접근법을 제시한다. 방사선 강도, 매질에서의 흡수 및 방사선 입사에 따른 시준(視準)성분들과 연관된 기하학적 사양 등으로부터 특징 파라미터를 추출하여 원형인 강관튜브의 두 영역에서의 영상을 복원한다. 보정절차를 통해 실제 튜브에 근접한 영역 복구를 설계한다. 이러한 접근법을 CR영상에 적용하여 유용성을 확인한다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.191-197
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• 2017

본 개발은 중간 크기 미만의 외형 결함을 검출함에 있어 X-Ray 광원을 사용하는 비파괴 장비이다. 본 연구개발물의 차별성은 X-Ray광원을 이용 중소형 생산제품들의 외부결함 유무를 실시간 검사할 수 있으며 표면 방사선 누설선량에 있으면서 검사 속도제어가 가능하다. 이를 소프트웨어로 해결하였다. 또한 작업 중 작업자 안전을 위해 도어 차단이 가능하고 동시에 장비 내부 구동 영상의 획인이 가능하다는 점이다. 이런 원리로 현재는 중소형 부품에서부터 크게는 컨테이너와 같은 검사시스템의 기반 기술로 활용이 가능하다. 본 연구는 자동차 산업 외에 다른 다양한 비파괴 시장 산업에 큰 영향을 미칠 것이다. 마지막으로 개발된 비파괴 장비는 $0.2Sv{\mu}$ 하에서 제어된다는 사실은 아주 중요한 사실이다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.424-435
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• 2016

Background: The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommendations and the Federal Guidance Report (FGR) published by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have been widely applied worldwide in the fields of radiation protection and dose assessment. The dose conversion coefficients of the ICRP and FGR are widely used for assessing exposure doses. However, before the coefficients are used, the user must thoroughly understand the derivation process of the coefficients to ensure that they are used appropriately in the evaluation. Materials and Methods: The ICRP provides recommendations to regulatory and advisory agencies, mainly in the form of guidance on the fundamental principles on which appropriate radiological protection can be based. The FGR provides federal and state agencies with technical information to assist their implementation of radiation protection programs for the U.S. population. The system of radiation dose assessment and dose conversion coefficients in the ICRP and FGR is reviewed in this study. Results and Discussion: A thorough understanding of their background is essential for the proper use of dose conversion coefficients. The FGR dose assessment system was strongly influenced by the ICRP and the U.S. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP), and is hence consistent with those recommendations. Moreover, the ICRP and FGR both used the scientific data reported by Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR) and United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) as their primary source of information. The difference between the ICRP and FGR lies in the fact that the ICRP utilized information regarding a population of diverse races, whereas the FGR utilized data on the American population, as its goal was to provide guidelines for radiological protection in the US. Conclusion: The contents of this study are expected to be utilized as basic research material in the areas of radiation protection and dose assessment.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권12호
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• pp.1892-1897
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• 2012

Modern electronic circuits are of importance for the function of communication, traffic systems and security systems. An intentional threat to these systems could be of big casualties and economic disasters. This study has examined susceptibility of electronic circuits inside the cavity by HPEM(High Power Electromagnetics). The UWB measurements were done at an anechoic chamber using a RADAN voltage source, which can generate a transient impulse of about 200 kV. The HPEM wave penetrated inside the metal case appeared to the long damped ringwave of pulse length compared with the incident wave. In addition, the resonant frequency generated inside the metal case occurred primarily in the range of 1~3 GHz. The frequency band of 1~3 GHz was influenced on the electronic circuit, which was confirmed by an external antenna and an internal absorber. The electronic circuit was influenced by HPEM infiltrated into the cavity at the 86 kV/m out of the metal cases. Also in case of an absorber the susceptibility of an electronic circuit was smallest among other cases(aperture, antenna). It is considered that absorber has a function absorbing electromagnetic wave infiltrated into the cavity and simultaneously limiting resonance by varying a boundary condition inside the cavity. Based on the results, electronic equipment systems could be applied to protection that has suited system requirements.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 FxLMS(Filtered-x Least Mean Square) 알고리즘을 이용한 단일 센서 기반의 능동 반향음 제어 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안 알고리즘은 먼저 단일 센서 입력 신호로부터 입사음과 반향음을 분리하고, 분리된 신호들을 사용하여 반향음과 반대 위상을 갖는 제어 신호를 생성한다. 제어 신호는 센서 위치에서 반향음과 중첩되어 반향음의 음압을 감소시킨다. 적절한 신호 분리를 위해 반향 음향 경로와 제어 음향 경로가 필요하며 이는 swept sine 신호를 이용해 측정한 음향 응답으로부터 사전에 구할 수 있다. 효용성을 검증하기 위해 DSP(Digital Signal Processing) 보드를 사용하여 제안된 알고리즘을 실시간으로 구현하였으며, 공기 중 음향 덕트 환경에서 1 kHz 버스트 신호에 대해 반향음이 11.6 dB 감소함을 확인 하였다.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.39-44
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• 2008

The heat exchange between the Borehole Heat Exchanger(BHE) and the surrounding ground depends directly on ground thermal conductivity k at the certain site. The k is thus a key parameter in designing BHE and coupled geothermal heat pump systems. Currently, although a thermal hydraulic response test(TRT) is mostly used in practice, the thermal hydraulic TRT needs additional power and is generally time-consuming. A new, simple wireless P/T probe for a hi-speed k determination was introduced in this paper. This technique using a wireless P/T probe is less time-consuming and requires no external source of energy for measurement and predicts local thermal properties by measuring soil temperatures along the depth. Measured temperature data along the depth was analyzed. In order to verify the new technique for the determination of ground thermal conductivity, ground thermal conductivity k that calculated from the measured temperature data using a wireless P/T probe was compared with one obtained from conventional hydraulic TRT. When comparing the average k of two methods, the relative error was approximately 10%. As a result, the electronic TRT can replace the conventional hydraulic TRT method after carrying out the additional research on a lot of sites.