• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.70-76
• /
• 2009

We proposed the device to control a computer mouse with only head movements and eye blinks so that disabilities by car or other accidents can use a computer. The mouse position were estimated from a gyro-sensor which can measure head movements, and the mouse events such as click/double click were from opto sensors which can detect the eyes flicker, respectively. The sensor was mounted on the goggle in order not to disturb the visual field. There was no difference in movement speed between ours and a general mouse, but it required 3$\sim$4 more times in the result of the experiment to evaluate spatial movements and events detection of the proposed mouse because of the low accuracy. We could eliminate cumbersome work to periodically remove the accumulated error and intuitively control the mouse using non-linear relative point method with dead zones. Optical sensors are used in the event detection circuitry designed to remove the influence of the ambient light changes, therefore it was not affected in the change of external light source.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.141-156
• /
• 2011

This study purposes to explore the narrative of fictional events complicated by a specific narrator, taking notice of his/her role as an internal focalizer as well as an external participant. In William Faulkner's "A Rose for Emily," the story of an eccentric spinster, Emily Grierson, is focalized and narrated by a townsperson, apparently an individual, but one who always speaks as 'we.' This tale-teller, as a first-hand witness of the events in the story, details the strange circumstances of Emily's life and her odd relationships with her father, her lover, the community, and even the horrible secret hidden to the climactic moment at the end. The narrative 'we' has surely watched Emily for many years with a considerable interest but also with a respectful distance. Being left unidentified on purpose, this narrative agent, in spite of his/her vagueness, definitely knows more than others do and acts undoubtedly as a pivotal role in this tale of grotesque love. Seamlessly juxtaposing the present and the past, the collective 'we' suggests an important subject that the distinction between the past and the present is blurred out for Emily, for whom the indiscernibleness of time flow proves to be her hamartia. The focalizer-narrator describes Miss Emily in the same manner as he/she describes the South whose old ways have passed on by time. Like the Old South, Emily is desperately trapped in the past, since she has not been able to adjust to the changes brought on by time. In the end, the tragic story of Emily Grierson which takes place in Jefferson plainly seems to serve as an introduction to mature Faulkner.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.115-123
• /
• 2013

Today, the views on Temporality of space have been changed not only to be based on the concept of time, but also to identify the space with a body adapted to the new circumstances. The study suggests that the actions of performers in space have been important by changes of views and are connected to the music phenomenology mixed with music whose tempo is the phenomenology related with of human consciousness itself, and derives the temporal property by putting them into Rem Koolhaas space with the fluid quality. According to Clifton's Phenomenology of Music, an understanding of music is made in both human body and consciousness as two ways to listen to sounds and enjoy music. Though a correlation between the characteristics of Clifton's Phenomenology of Music and one of resulted from uncertainty and immateriality of modern space Temporality, we could work out four kinds of characters which are the continuity of the fluidity from temporal programs, contrasting changes or synchronicity, the multidimensionality from synesthesia of line and face, ventilation by quality of the material and immaterial circumstances of sound effects, the implication in events resulted from cognition for information and unexpected actions, and the autonomy of the route of a variety of experiences including intimate connection of inter-related events and temporary and diverse external conditions. Hereby Temporality of musical phenomenology in Rem Koolhaas's space can be experienced by systems base oh the importance of host's motion, changes of programs according to the motion as well as uncertainty and immaterial changes. Due to the changes user's emotion and motion is undergone as Temporality that changes automatically.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.88 no.1
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 1999

Successful hosting of mesa-events such as the universiade games usually brings many external changes such as more domestic and foreign travelers, image improvement of the host country and region as well as promotion of the local economy through improving the infrastructure for the contest. This longitudinal study analyzed the effects of the winter universiade games, which were held at Muju in 1997, on the hosting rural area, based upon a multidimensional study. As a result, the inhabitants sensed that hosting the winter universiade games had large-scale investment effects on both the tourism industry and the regional development. On the other hand, hosting this kind of event was not quite successful in terms of activating the local economy, and the environment of Togyusan National Park was harmed.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
• /
• v.10A no.2
• /
• pp.111-122
• /
• 2003

Military wargame simulation models must support the HLA in order to facilitate interoperability with other simulations, and using parallel simulation engines offer efficiency in reducing system overhead generated by propelling interoperability. However, legacy military simulation model engines process events using sequential event-driven method. This is due to problems generated by parallel processing such as synchronous reference to global data domains. Additionally. using legacy simulation platforms result in insufficient utilization of multiple CPUs even if a multiple CPU system is under use. Therefore, in this paper, we propose conversing the simulation engine to an object model-based parallel simulation engine to ensure military wargame model's improved system processing capability, synchronous reference to global data domains, external simulation time processing, and the sequence of parallel-processed events during a crash recovery. The converted parallel simulation engine is designed and implemented to enable parallel execution on a multiple CPU system (SMP).

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.1-31
• /
• 2018

Purpose - This study is to analyze indicators characterizing the monetary turnover and its determining factors. Also this paper looked at the evolution of monetary aggregates of the Russian Federation, Australian, Sweden, Denmark, countries of CIS at the present stage of development and in the historical context. Research design, data, and methodology - The scale of research on Russia: to be analyzed the amount of data from the 2011 by 2016. In the historical context of the estimated data in the 1900-2011. On Belarus - the 2007-2017, on Tajikistan - the 2000 - 2017, on Kazakhstan - the 2000-2017, on Kyrgyzstan - the 2000-2017, on Australian - the 1959-2017, on Sweden - the 2009-2017, on Denmark - the 1999-2017. Results - Hypothesis 1. In Russian Federation the monetary stock has the steady tendency to growth. The dynamics of money supply in Russia is largely determined by historical events. Hypothesis 2. The dynamics of money supply the leading countries-partners has the tendency to grow. The monetary amount of countries-partners are analyzed is largely determined by external debt, GDP, the exports, the imports, the international reserves. Conclusions - The dynamics of monetary stock of Russia is determined by the historical events in many respects. The Russian Federation maintains a steady and the liquid economic position in the case of considerable amount of monetary stock and the high degree of its surplus. In most of the countries studied, the monetary supply has a significant volume exceeding the needs of the economy. If the distribution of monetary mass is adequate and there is a vertical of financial control, this will not have a negative impact on the country's economic stability and the development.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.54 no.5
• /
• pp.383-388
• /
• 2021

Background: Achieving external access to and manual occlusion of the left atrial appendage (LAA) during minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) through a small right thoracotomy is difficult. Occlusion of the LAA using an epicardial closure device seems quite useful compared to other surgical techniques. Methods: Fourteen patients with atrial fibrillation underwent MIMVS with concomitant surgical occlusion of the LAA using double-layered endocardial closure stitches (n=6, endocardial suture group) or the AtriClip Pro closure device (n=8, AtriClip group) at our institution. The primary safety endpoint was any device-related adverse event, and the primary efficacy endpoint was successful complete occlusion of blood flow into the LAA as assessed by transthoracic echocardiography at hospital discharge. The primary efficacy endpoint for stroke reduction was the occurrence of ischemic or hemorrhagic neurologic events. Results: All patients underwent LAA occlusion as scheduled. The cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamp times in the endocardial suture group and the AtriClip group were 202±39 and 128±41 minutes, and 213±53 and 136±44 minutes, respectively (p=0.68, p=0.73). No patients in either group experienced any device-related serious adverse events, incomplete LAA occlusion, early postoperative stroke, or neurologic complication. Conclusion: Epicardial LAA occlusion using the AtriClip Pro during MIMVS in patients with mitral valve disease and atrial fibrillation is a simple, safe, and effective adjunctive procedure.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.13-27
• /
• 2022

The Yeongsan River estuary was altered by a sea dike built in 1981 and the sluice gates in the dike were extended recently in 2014. The construction has caused changes in water properties and hydrodynamics and also produced disturbances including hypoxia and algal blooms. We analyzed the water quality and chlorophyll-a data (2009-2018) collected seasonally at 3 stations (Sts. 1-3) along the channel of the estuary by the Marine Environmental Monitoring System. Variations in water quality and chlorophyll-a (an index of phytoplankton biomass) were examined and their stressors were also identified by statistics including correlation and multivariate principal component analyses (PCA). The water quality was mainly affected by freshwater discharge from the dike. Salinity, nutrients and chlorophyll-a were especially affected by the discharge and the effect enhanced during summer and at the upper region near the sea dike decreasing downstream. Three factors were extracted for each station in the PCA accounting for 66.07-72.42% of the variations. The first was an external factor associated with freshwater discharge and the second and third were seasonal or biological factors. The results indicate that the water quality is more affected by short-termed and episodic events such as freshwater discharge than seasonal events and the influence of freshwater discharge on water quality is more extensive than that previously reported. This suggests that the boundary of the estuary should be extended to take into account the findings of this study and a management strategy linked to the freshwater zone is required to manage the integrity and water quality of the Yeongsan River estuary.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 1998.10a
• /
• pp.961-965
• /
• 1998

The rapid development of small-scale (1-10 MJ) Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage Systems (SMES) can be explained by real perspective of practical implementation of these devices in electro power nets. However the serious problem of all high mechanically stressed superconducting coils-problem of training and degradation (decreasing) of operating current still exists. Moreover for SMES systems this problems is more dangerous because of pulsed origin of mechanical stresses-one of the major sources of local heat disturbances in superconducting coils. We investigated acoustic emission (AE) phenomenon on model and 0.5 MJ SMES coils taking into account close correlation of AE and local heat disturbances. Two-coils 0.5 MJ SMES system was developed, manufactured and tested at Russian Research Center in the frames of cooperation with Korean Electrical Engineering Company (KEPCO) [1]. The two-coil SMES operates with the stored energy transmitted between coils in the course of a single cycle with 2 seconds energy transfer time. Maximum operating current 1.55 kA corresponds to 0.5 MF in each coil. The Nb-Ti-based conductor was designed and used for SMES manufacturing. It represents transposed cable made of Nb-Ti strands in copper matrix, several cooper strands and several stainless steel strands. The coils are wound onto fiberglass cylindrical bobbins. To make AE event information more useful a real time instrumentation system was used. Two main measured and computer processed AE parameters were considered: the energy of AE events (E) and the accumulated energy of AE events (E ). Influence of current value in 0.5 MJ coils on E and E was studied. The sensors were installed onto the bobbin and the external surface of magnets. Three levels of initial current were examined: 600A, 1000A, 2450 A. An extraordinary strong dependence of the current level on E and E was observed. The specific features of AE from model coils, operated in sinusoidal vibration current changing mode were investigated. Three current frequency modes were examined: 0.012 Hz, 0.03 Hz and 0.12 Hz. In all modes maximum amplitude 1200 A was realized.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.85-100
• /
• 2023

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to identify the factors of shocking events in the career aspect experienced by Korean workers in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, and to find out whether these career shocks affect individual perceptions of the importance of subjective career success. Design/methodology/approach - In the survey of 146 respondents, the career shock events experienced in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic were largely divided into three categories; 'work change', 'employment anxiety', and 'life anxiety'. For the subjective career success, seven dimensions - 'financial security', 'financial achievement', 'entrepreneurship', 'positive relationship', 'positive impact', 'learning and development', 'work-life balance' - were used. Findings - As a result, there was no difference in the perception of subjective career success due to the experience of 'work change' during the Covid-19 period. However, the respondents who experienced 'employment anxiety' came to recognize that 'financial security' and 'financial achievement' were more increasing in terms of the degree of difference of importance. And respondents who experienced 'lifetime anxiety' perceived that the degree of difference of importance was increasing in the six dimensions except for 'social influence'. Particularly, the increase in the importance of 'work-life balance' and 'positive relationship' was found to be the greatest among the career success dimensions. Research implications or Originality - Finally, it was concluded that changes in the external environment such as Covid-19 pandemic influence as a career shock and affect the level of importance in subjective career success perception. Based on the results, the theoretical implication on current career study and some practical implications for organizational career management were suggested.