• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2013

전산화단층촬영장치(Computed Tomography:CT)등장은 인체의 검사 시에 비 침습적인 검사로서 환자의 병변을 발견하는데 사용된다. 전산화단층촬영장치가 주는 정보는 3차원 영상구현에 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 과학이 발전함에 따라 최근에는 전산화단층촬영장치를 사용하여 물리학적인 또한 생물학적 연구에 적용할 수 있는 장비가 필요하게 되었다. 따라서 좀 더 세밀하고 구체적인 정보를 제공해주는 마이크로 시티(Micro-CT)가 등장하였다. 마이크로 시티가 주는 영상정보는 더욱 더 세밀하고 구체적인 영상 정보이며 따라서 생명공학과 고분자 재료공학 발전에 크게 기여하고 있다. 그러나 아직까지 마이크로 시티의 사용자에 관한 피폭선량의 한도에 관한 공간선량 측정 정보가 정확하게 보고된바 없다. 또한 마이크로 시티를 사용함으로써 원치 않게 발생 할 수 있는 산란선에 관하여 공간 피폭 선량이 보고되지 않았다. 마이크로 시티는 장비의 외관은 피폭 산란선 제거용 납으로 구성되어 있다. 따라서 산란선에 의한 피폭을 충분히 예방할 수 있지만 시간이 흐르고 장비가 노후되어짐에 따라 꾸준한 장비의 관리가 필요 할 것이다. 우리는 우연치 않게 발생 될 수 있는 마이크로 시티를 직접적으로 사용하고 있는 운영자의 산란선 피폭에 관해 공간선량을 측정하였다. 결론적으로 마이크로 시티의 사용자로 하여금 원치 않게 발생되는 산란선에 관하여 피폭 관리가 필요하다고 알리고 싶다.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.241-249
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• 2016

The present study used a digital angiography x-ray device to measure the space dose and exposure dose of patients and practitioners using x-ray tube shielding devices developed in our laboratory. The intent of the study was to reduce the space dose within the test room, and to reduce the exposure dose of patients and practitioners. The patient and practitioner exposure doses were measured in five configurations in a human body model. The glass dosimeter was placed on the eye lenses, thyroid glands, left shoulder, right shoulder, and gonads. The beam was collimated at full size and at a 48% reduction for a comparative analysis of the measurements. The space dose was measured with an ion chamber at distances of 50 cm, 100 cm, and 150 cm from the x-ray tube under the following conditions: no shielding device; a shielding device made of 3-mm-thick lead (Pb) [Pb 3 mm shield], and a shielding device made of 3-mm-thick Pb (outside) and 3-mm-thick aluminum (Al) (inside) [Pb 3 mm＋Al 3 mm shield]. The absorbed dose was the lowest when the 3-mm-thick Pb＋3-mm-thick Al shield was used. For measurements made with collimated beams with a 48% reduction, the dose was the lowest at $154{\mu}Gy$ when the 3-mm-thick Pb＋3-mm-thick Al shield was used, and was $9{\mu}Gy$ lower than the measurements made with no shielding device. If the space dose can be reduced by 20% in all situations where the C-arm is employed by using the x-ray tube shielding devices developed in our laboratory, this is expected to play an important role in reducing the annual exposure dose for patients, practitioners, and assistants.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.508-515
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• 2018

본 연구는 인터벤션 장비의 자동노출제어장치(Automatic Exposure Controller, AEC) 이용 시 내장형 면적 선량계와 교정된 이동형 면적 선량계의 오차를 분석하여 선량계 교정의 중요성과 교정지침의 필요성을 알아보고자 하였다. 실험방법은 NEMA 팬텀의 메뉴얼에 따라 팬텀을 Thin, Normal, Heavy Adult로 조립하고 내장형 면적 선량계와 이동형 면적 선량계로 면적선량을 측정하였다. 그 결과 모든 두께에서 내장형 면적 선량계가 이동형 면적 선량계보다 나타내는 선량 값이 높았고 두께가 두꺼울수록 그 차이가 커졌다. 또한 각 항목에 대하여 paired t-test를 시행하였고, 그 결과 각 항목은 p<0.05로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 결론적으로 피폭에 많이 노출되는 인터벤션 시술을 고려해 볼 때, 장비의 자동노출제어장치 사용 시 정확한 선량 파악 여부가 중요하고 현재 내장된 면적 선량계에 대한 교정지침이 없으므로 교정지침을 마련하는 것이 필요하다.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.101-105
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to determine the relationship between the number of portable X-rays and the radiation exposure dose for emergency medical service providers working in the emergency department (ED). Methods: A prospective study was conducted from February 15, 2013 to May 15, 2013 in the ED in an urban hospital. Six residents, seven emergency medical technicians (EMT), and 24 nurses were enrolled. They wore a personal radiation dosimeter on their upper chest while working in the ED, and they stayed away from the portable X-ray unit at a distance of at least 1.8 m when the X-ray beam was generated. Results: The total number of portable x-rays was 2089. The average total radiation exposure dose of emergency medical service providers was $0.504{\pm}0.037$ mSv, and it was highest in the EMT group, 0.85(0.58-1.08) mSv. The average of the total number of portable X-rays was highest in the doctor group, 728.5(657.25-809). The relationship between the number of portable X-rays and the radiation exposure dose was not statistically significant(-0.186, p=0.269). Conclusion: Under the condition of staying away from the portable X-ray unit at a distance of least 1.8 m, the relationship between the number of portable X-rays and the radiation exposure dose was not statistically significant.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2017

Background: Radiation is used in a variety of areas, but it also poses potential risks. Although radiation is often used with great effectiveness in many applications, people perceive potential risks associated with radiation and feel anxious about the possibility of radiation exposure. Various methods of measuring radiation doses have been developed, but there is no way for the general public to measure their doses with ease. Currently, many people use smartphones, which provide information about the location of an individual phone through network connections. If a smartphone application could be developed for measuring radiation dosage, it would be a very effective way to measure individuals' radiation doses. Thus, we conducted a survey study to assess the social acceptance of such a technology by the general public and their intent to use that technology to measure radiation doses, as well as to investigate whether such an intention is correlated with anxiety and attitudes toward the use of radiation. Materials and Methods: A nationwide online survey was conducted among 355 Koreans who were 20 years old or older. Results and Discussion: Significant differences were found between the genders in attitudes, perceptions of radiation risk, and fears of exposure to radiation. However, a significant difference according to age was observed only in the intent to use a smartphone dose measurement application. Attitudes towards the use of radiation exerted a negative effect on radiation risk perception and exposure anxiety, whereas attitudes towards the use of radiation, risk perception, and anxiety about exposure were found to have a positive impact on the intent to use a smartphone application for dose measurements. Conclusion: A survey-based study was conducted to investigate how the general public perceives radiation and to examine the acceptability of a smartphone application as a personal dose monitoring device. If such an application is developed, it could be used not only to monitor an individual's dose, but also to contribute to radiation safety information infrastructure by mapping radiation in different areas, which could be utilized as a useful basis for radiation research.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.357-363
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• 2022

본 연구 목적은 방사선관계종사자와 방사선작업종사자들의 직종별 방사선 피폭선량을 분석하여 폐 부작용 유발확률을 연구하는 데에 있다. 즉, 피폭관리 실태를 점검함으로써 방사선종사자들의 직업상 피폭에 대한 안전 점검 의식을 향상시키고 방사선안전관리에 도움을 주고자 한다. 방사선관계종사자와 방사선작업종사자 각각 3개의 직종별 (방사선사, 의사, 간호사)로 분류하였다. 피폭선량으로 인한 폐의 부작용 유발확률을 산출하기 위하여 ICRP103에 근거한 명목위험계수(Nominal risk factor)를 활용하였다. 방사선관계종사자의 1년간 심부선량은 방사선사 1.63 ± 2.84 mSv, 의사는 0.12 ± 0.22 mSv, 간호사는 0.59 ± 1.08 mSv로 나타났다. 이로 인하여, 폐의 부작용 유발 확률은 방사선사는 100,000당 1.1명, 의사는 10.082명, 간호사는 0.4명으로 나타났다. 방사선작업종사자의 1년간 심부선량은 방사선사 2.44 ± 3.30 mSv, 의사의 경우 0.19 ± 0.26 mSv, 간호사의 경우 0.12 ± 0.00 mSv이었다. 이 선량으로 인하여, 폐의 부작용 유발 확률은 방사선사는 100,000당 1.2명, 의사는 0.096명, 간호사는 0.06명으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 방사선 피폭선량의 직종별 폐에 부작용이 발생할 확률을 연구하여 향후 확률적 영향과 관련하여 방사선 안전관리를 위하여 유용한 자료로 활용될 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to reduce dose while maintaining image quality during digital radiographic examination of paranasal sinus by using the automatic exposure control (AEC) system. The tube voltage was set as six stages that increased by about 10 kVp to 70 kVp, 81 kVp, 90 kVp, 102 kVp, 109 kVp and 117 kVp. And then the AEC system conditions were consisted of 9 setting environments, that change mode of the sensitivity (S200, S400, S800) and the density (+2.5, 0, -2.5). We measured automatically exposed tube current (mAs) under 54 conditions with combined these, and assessed SNR and PSNR through the acquired images. In addition, four radiologists performed a qualitative assessment of the acquired images for each combination on a five-point scale of the Likert. As a result, the lowest dose and the highest values of SNR and PSNR in images with a qualitative assessment more than 4 point were the AEC control factors of 90 kVp, S800, D2.5. We applied this condition to the clinical trial, it showed an effect of 83.1% reduction in exposure radiation dose (mR). Therefore, AEC system could be used as dose reduction technology if it understood and used related regulatory factors and physical characteristics.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2022

The study developed a radiation dose measurement program in the radiology laboratory to measure how much exposure the students are exposed to during the radiology class, to request for the improvement and the revision of the current Nuclear Safety Act. The experimental program is shown in the following figure, and experiments were conducted to determine the degree of radiation exposure in the control room with a lead gown at a distance of 1 m, 2 m, and 1 m, and in a control room with a radiographic lead glass wall. The duration of the experiment was 3 months from April to June, when radiation imaging practice classes were conducted, and 128 hours of imaging practice per month were conducted. In order to find out the dose of radiation dose during radiology imaging practice class, the experiment was carried out from April to June for 3 months, and according to the program, the results of exposure dose were 0.34 mSv at 1 m distance, 0.01 mSv at shielding of lead gown at 1 m distance, 0.16 mSv at 2 m distance, and 0.01 mSv at control room with radiation lead glass wall. The exposure dose from the test results was much below the annual general public limit dose of 1 mSv. The restriction on the operation of the radiation equipment in the practice of the students is a regulation that infringes the right of students to learn, and amendments or exemptions of Nuclear Safety Act should be enacted to ensure that it does not violate the fundamental right to learn for students in radiology.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

The most critical health effect of lead exposure is the neurodevelopmental effect to children caused by the increased blood lead level. Therefore, the endpoint of the risk assessment for lead-contaminated sites should be set at the blood lead level of children. In foreign countries, the risk assessment for lead-contaminated sites is conducted by estimating the increased blood lead level of children via oral intake and/or inhalation (United States Environmental Protection Agency, USEPA), or by comparing the estimated oral dose to the threshold oral dose of lead, which is derived from the permissible blood lead level of children (Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM). For the risk assessment, USEPA employs Integrated-Exposure-Uptake-Biokinetic (IEUBK) Model to check whether the estimated portion of children whose blood lead level exceeds 10 µg/dL, threshold blood lead level determined by USEPA, is higher than 5%, while Dutch RIVM compares the estimated oral dose of lead to the threshold oral dose (2.8 µg/kg-day), which is derived from the permissible blood lead level of children. In Korea, like The Netherlands, risk assessment for lead-contaminated sites is conducted by comparing the estimated oral dose to the threshold oral dose; however, because the threshold oral dose listed in Korean risk assessment guidance is an unidentified value, it is recommended to revise the existing threshold oral dose described in Korean risk assessment guidance. And, if significant lead exposure via inhalation is suspected, it is useful to employ IEUBK Model to derive the risk posed via multimedia exposure (i.e., both oral ingestion and inhalation).

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.864-870
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• 2014

선량계 유용성을 평가하기 위한 방법으로 방사선관계종사자의 피폭선량을 측정하여 개인피폭관리를 위한 선량계 선택의 기초 자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 2012년 1년간 방사선사 30명을 대상으로 하였으며 개인피폭 누적선량을 측정하여 열형광선량계, 형광유리선량계, 광자극발광선량계의 성능을 조사하였다. 연구방법으로는 DAP와 ion-chamber를 이용하여 세종류 개인피폭선량계의 선량측정값을 비교 분석하였으며 의료기관별, 검사업무별, 분기별 방사선관계종사자의 피폭누적선량을 확인하였다. 결과적으로 직접 X선조사를 통한 개인피폭선량계의 선량값과 ion-chamber의 절대값에서 광자극발광선량계가 열형광선량계나 형광유리선량계에 비해 더 유사한 선량값을 나타내 측정 능력면에서 더 우수한 결과를 나타냈다. 또한 방사선발생구역에서 방사선관계종사자의 피폭선량이 광자극발광선량계에서 보다 높게 나타났다.