• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.179-195
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• 2004

e-비즈니스 관련 기술은 과거 10여 년간 획기적인 발전을 거듭하여왔다. 본 연구에서는 e-비즈니스 관련 기술이 앞으로 어떻게 발전하여 나갈는지 e-비즈니스 관련 기술 개발의 현황을 파악하고 향후의 발전방향을 조망하여 보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 e-비즈니스 기술의 분류 체계들을 종합하여 개선하고 이를 새롭게 제시하였고 이 분류에 근거한 세부 기술들을 e-비즈니스 기술 개발 업체들을 상대로 현황을 조사하고 '기술 개발의 시급성'을 비롯한 일곱개의 항목별로 기술 평가를 하였으며 기술 평가의 결과에 근거하여 앞으로의 e-비즈니스 기술 로드맵을 도출하였다. 결론 부분에서는 이러한 로드맵이 갖는 정책적인 의미와 방향을 논하였다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제29권
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• pp.13.1-13.11
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• 2014

Objectives This study examined variations in the perceptions of dioxin risk among social groups defined by geographical living location, environmental education, and occupation. Dioxin risk perceptions were analyzed according to values, risk awareness, knowledge, and behavioral preferences. Methods A quasi-experimental survey was designed and conducted on individuals from seven experimental groups in Jeonju city, South Korea, including: people living near incineration facilities; people living far from incineration facilities; governmental experts; non-governmental organization members; office workers in developmental institutes or banks; students who were enrolled in environmental-related classes; and students who were enrolled in business-related classes. Results The results show variations among groups in values, awareness and behavioral preferences. Particular attention should be given to the result that groups with higher connectedness-to-nature values show higher willingness-to-act (WTA) for risk reduction. Result s can be summarized as follows. First, awareness is associated with one's geographical setting. Second, values and WTA behaviors are related to one's environmental-related education and occupation. Third, values are significantly related to WTA behaviors. Conclusions Different cultures, in terms of values or worldview, among groups influence their perceptions of dioxin risk and choices of risk reduction behaviors. It is important to consider values in communicating complicated long-term risk management involving public participation. Further research should be continuously conducted on the effects of multiple dimensions of values on one's WTA for risk reduction behaviors.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.17-34
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to explore their experience through teachers' interviews in research schools for the Education for Sustainable Development(ESD). The first issue for ESD in school was about how to approach ESD and how to combine it with the school curriculum. Of course, ESD can be approached through both subjects and discretion, which are operated with focus on experiential study. Most teachers approached ESD through subjects, but they had a lot of difficulties in its implementation because of insufficient understanding. The advantage of ESD programs is to provide students with an opportunity for experiential activity based on localization. However, difficult parts in applying ESD to school education were matters of budget for invitation of experts or for the experience learning as well as overworking of the teachers with conceptualization of ESD. Consequently, there has been change in the perception of teachers and students through ESD in schools, which have influence on the integrated thinking from diverse perspectives. Stories of research school teachers offered through categorization of interviews will provide a lot of help in the process of applying ESD to school education in the future.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.236-246
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a Korean questionnaire to measure resilience in children with chronic illness. Methods: Item construction was drawn from an extensive review of the literature, existing questionnaires and interviews with parents. Content validity was tested by experts. To further refine the questionnaire and test its reliability and validity, data were collected from the 202 children with asthma, diabetes mellitus or nephrotic syndrome. Corrected items were used to total correlation coefficient and test-retest reliability. Questionnaire testing was conducted using factor analysis, Cronbach's $\alpha$, and correlation coefficients. Validity of the questionnaire was tested using internal consistency, construct validity, and criterion-related validity. Results: Components of the questionnaire were in three domains; interpersonal characteristics, characteristics of coping, and intrapersonal characteristics. Factor analysis is showed five factors; positive self-understanding, self-reliance, resourcefulness, perception of positive family relationships, and intimacy. The questionnaire showed a high internal consistency. A significant positive correlation with the Numerical Rating Score and negative correlation with the Child Depression Inventory support the validity of the questionnaire. Conclusion: This instrument demonstrated high reliability and validity. Therefore, this instrument can contribute to the evaluation of resilience of chronically ill children and to any subsequent intervention as well as to develop a theory for resilience.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.209-218
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to assess bullying of nurses, and test the validity and reliability of the instrument. Methods: The initial thirty items of WPBN-TI were identified through a review of the literature on types bullying related to nursing and in-depth interviews with 14 nurses who experienced bullying at work. Sixteen items were developed through 2 content validity tests by 9 experts and 10 nurses. The final WPBN-TI instrument was evaluated by 458 nurses from five general hospitals in the Incheon metropolitan area. SPSS 18.0 program was used to assess the instrument based on internal consistency reliability, construct validity, and criterion validity. Results: WPBN-TI consisted of 16 items with three distinct factors (verbal and nonverbal bullying, work-related bullying, and external threats), which explained 60.3% of the total variance. The convergent validity and determinant validity for WPBN-TI were 100.0%, 89.7%, respectively. Known-groups validity of WPBN-TI was proven through the mean difference between subjective perception of bullying. The satisfied criterion validity for WPBN-TI was more than .70. The reliability of WPBN-TI was Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of .91. Conclusions: WPBN-TI with high validity and reliability is suitable to determine types of bullying in nursing workplace.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to establish an university informal program roadmap, and also to draw up operational plans for human resources with core technologies of the fourth industry. To do this, first we derived university informal education program draft through experts workshop, then conducted a survey regarding the female university students' perception of educational programs and their educational needs on the 4th core technology matching programs. The following main results were obtained : First, students preferred 'hands-on training' by professionals and they wanted to be trained during summer or winter holidays or the night time during semesters. Also, they thought two hours of training per session was appropriate. Regarding these results, there was no difference depending on the majors. Second, while students had highly preferred for the courses related to data analysis, Arduino programing and VR(virtual reality), those related to 3D printing modeling were less preferred. Depending on the majors, preferred courses had different priorities, but non-preferred courses were similar regardless of majors. Based on these results, the university informal curriculum model and the operation plans for the core technologies of the fourth industry were proposed.

• 아동학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.139-160
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the difference in perception among parents of preschoolers, parents of school aged children, teachers of child care centers and elementary school teachers regarding testing on the level of preparation for attending elementary school. Firstly, the results of the study revealed that elementary school teachers had notions regarding the level of preparation for entering school that were more specific than day care teachers and parents. Second, it was shown that effort and a sense of responsibility were most important for the improvement of the level of preparation for elementary school level studies. Third, the results of this study revealed that many respondents thought that there needs to be some form of testing of the level of preparation for school and the respondents further stated that this testing needed to be conducted by child care center teachers or experts in the field. Finally, it was shown that such a test of the level of preparation for school attendance should be developed by including questions on different areas of the intelligence, adaptability, function, tendencies and regulations in relation to the needs of preschoolers.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.210-220
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• 2008

본 연구는 최근의 내부 보안위협 추세를 고려하여 인원보안 관리 수준을 효과적으로 측정할 수 있는 인원보안 관리 지표를 개발하는 목적으로 수행되었으며 이론적인 고찰과 기존의 보안관리 체계와 연구 자료를 분석하여 문제점을 도출하고 개선방향을 설정하였다. 연구할 관리항목 지표는 보안 전문가들의 예비 조사를 거쳐 연구 관리지표를 선정하고, 타당성 검증을 위하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 도출된 관리항목 지표는 인원 보증(Personnel Assurance), 개인 역량(Personnel Competence), 보안 환경(Security Environment)으로 분류하였으며, 지표별 타당성, 중요성, 보안위험 수준에 대한 설문 조사결과를 분석하였다. 조사 결과, 대부분의 관리 지표들이 바람직한 것으로 나타났다. 향후 관련 항목 간의 요인분석 등을 통하여 보다 발전된 인원 보안 관리의 계량화 연구가 필요하다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.300-309
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was to develop a Health Dieting Competency (HDC) scale to assess self-rated health dieting competence of college students. Methods: The scale was developed as follows: items generated, and tests of validity and reliability. Items were developed through a literature review, review of instruments, and interviews. A panel of four experts reviewed the scale for content validity. Factor analysis, Pearson correlation, descriptive statistics and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ were used to analyze the data (N=183). Results: In the preliminary stage, thirty-three items were generated. Final items were fourteen that were selected through exploratory factor analysis. The HDC scale was consisted with five factors and fourteen items that were Goal-Directed (5-items), Health Support (2-items), Health Self-Efficacy (3-items), Health Perception (2-items), and Escaping from Health (2-items). The internal consistency of HDC as measured by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was .78. Conclusion: Content validity, construct validity, and reliability of the HDC were established. The HDC scale is a reliable and valid instrument for early adulthood youth who are willing to assess health dieting competency.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.115-133
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• 2005

This study is to develop an information security management model(ISMM) for small and medium sized enterprises(SMEs). Based on extensive literature review, a five-pillar twelve-component reference ISMM is developed. The five pillars of SME's information security are: centralized decision making, ease of management, flexibility, agility and expandability. Twelve components are: scope & organization, security policy, resource assessment, risk assessment, implementation planning, control development, awareness training, monitoring, change management, auditing, maintenance and accident management. Subsequent survey designed and administered to expose experts' perception on the importance of these twelve components revealed that five out of tweleve components require relatively immediate attention than others, especially in SME's context. These five components are: scope and organization, resource assessment, auditing, change management, and incident management. Other seven components are policy, risk assessment, implementation planning, control development, awareness training, monitoring, and maintenance. It seems that resource limitation of SMEs directs their attention to ISMM activities that may not require a lot of resources. On the basis of these findings, a three-phase approach is developed and proposed here as an SME ISMM. Three phases are (1) foundation and promotion, (2) management and expansion, and (3) maturity. Implications of the model are discussed and suggestions are made for further research.