• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to identify the factors that influence the experience of falls among older adults living in the community. Methods: The study participants were 70,887 65-year-olds who participated in the 2021 Community Health Survey. The study employed the Rao-scott x 2 test to examine the variation in fall experiences based on the characteristics of the older adults. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate these characteristics' impact on older adults' fall experiences. Results: The proportion of subjects in fall experience was 16.6%. The factors influencing the subject's fall experience were sex (odds ratio [OR]=1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.37~1.57), age (OR=1.48, 95% CI=1.34~1.65), family structure (OR=1.23, 95% CI=1.15~1.31), body mass index (OR=1.13, 95% CI=1.06~1.20), diabetes (OR=1.12, 95% CI=1.06~1.20), depression experiences (OR=1.56, 95% CI=1.42~1.70), stress (OR=1.12, 95% CI=1.05~1.19), subjective health status (OR=1.77, 95% CI=1.63~1.92), life satisfaction (OR=1.57, 95% CI=1.41~1.76), and chewing discomfort (OR=1.29, 95% CI=1.21~1.38). Conclusion: Efforts should be made to effectively educate and develop various programs aimed at reducing falls among older adults. It is essential to emphasize the importance of continuous and active attention to falls in the older adult population.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.29-37
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics and factors affecting falls among elderly inpatients with chronic diseases based on the data from the discharge damage depth survey of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency(KDCA) from 2014 to 2018. Method: The study selected elderly inpatients aged over 65 who were hospitalized(n=1,173). Their data were analyzed after being assigned to either a fall group(KSCD, W00-W19) or a non-fall group. Frequency analysis, cross-tabulation analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis were conducted, using SPSS 28. Results: According to the analysis on category of fall and non-fall group were statistically significant difference in age and having chronic diseases. Based on the binary logistic regression analysis of factors affecting falls, The risk of falls was 1.058 times higher with age, and E11-E14 and I63 as main diagnostic codes, the risk of falls was 2.049 times and 2.437 times higher. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop customized educational manuals and muscle exercise programs considering the characteristics of chronic diseases and to create a safe hospital room environment, and this result is expected to be used as basic data for fall prevention education and manual development for elderly inpatients with chronic diseases.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.287-293
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• 2020

More and more people are paying attention to the psychological pleasure and relaxation that sound hearing brings. In most cases, humans seem to have a special preference for natural sounds. Natural sounds are mainly white noise and pink noise such as wind, rain, waves, waterfall sounds, etc. All of these are often considered to be beneficial to human health, but in reality the same category of natural sounds is no different. It will be very different due to space, time and other factors. Each sound can be unique, so people's hearing experience is also different. This paper quantitatively analyzes the spectrum and brain waves to analyze the feeling of hearing the natural Broken Falls sound. In particular, we aim to objectively analyze the objective feeling of Broken Falls sound falling on the human auditory system through sound spectrum and brain waves.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2022

Background: To investigate the association between regular physical exercise and falling experience for 2 years and fear of falling (FOF) in Korean middle-aged and elderly population. Methods: Data from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Aging was used and 3,871 participants who exercised regularly were included at 2006 and follow-up until 2018. An analysis was performed to investigate the association between exercise (exercise time per week and duration) and falls (experience over past 2 years and FOF) using the generalized estimating equation model. Results: Compared to those who exercised more than 5 hours a week (reference group), those who exercised less than 3 hours were more likely to experience falls and FOF (odds ratio [OR], 1.334; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.059-1.682; OR, 1.218; 95% CI, 1.119-1.326, respectively). Compared to the group who exercised for more than 5 years, those who exercised for less than 1 year were more likely to experience FOF (OR, 1.310; 95% CI, 1.162-1.478). Conclusion: This study showed that there was a negative relationship between physical exercise time and falling experience and FOF in Korean 45 years or more community-dwelling adults. Based on these results, physical activity can be expected to have a positive effect on fall prevention, which implies the need for policy and research on long-term physical activity programs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.549-558
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• 2013

PURPOSE: This study is designed as a retrospective study, and identified the clinical usability of Sit to Stand (STS) test for predicting of fall incidence in stroke patients who experienced a fall within 1 year. METHODS: Between July 2011 and November 2012, 69 inpatients with stroke in K rehabilitation hospital were participated under voluntarily signing the informed consent form. STS test and 10m walk test (10MWT) were used to assess the muscle strength of lower-extremity and walking velocity, respectively. Also, we tested dynamic balance and motor function of lower-extremity in affected-side using with the Berg balance scale (BBS) and the Fugl-Meyer assessment of lower extremity (FM-L/E). METHODS: There were significant differences between subjects with fall-experienced group and without subjects without fall-experienced group in STS test, 10MWT, BBS scores and FM-L/E. STS test significantly showed a negative correlation between 10MWT (r=-.657), BBS (r=-.512), and FM-L/E (r=-.563). And, 10MWT have a influence on the performance of STS test (the capacity of explanation = 20%). The cut-off value of STS performance predicting falls experience is ${\geq}14.36$ seconds (sensitivity=76%; specificity=79%, area under curve=.785). According to logistic regression analysis of falls experience, subjects ${\geq}14.36$ s showed that 4.164 times (odd ratio) increased in falls than subjects < 14.36 s in STS test. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that STS test may be a useful tool predicting and measuring falls in patients with stroke. Further study will be needed to elucidate the kinematic analysis of STS test and the relationship between physical activity level and falls in stroke patients.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the peak torques of the knee and ankle joint and local stability of the lower extremity's joints, and muscle activation patterns of the lower extremity's muscles between fallers and non-fallers in the elderly women during walking. Method: Four elderly women (age: $74.5{\pm}5.2yrs.$; height: $152.1{\pm}5.6cm$; mass: $55.3{\pm}5.4kg$; preference walking speed: $1.19{\pm}0.06m/s$) who experienced falls within six months since experiment had been conducted (falls group) and thirty-six subjects ($74.2{\pm}3.09yrs.$; height: $153.6{\pm}4.9cm$; mass: $56.7{\pm}6.4kg$; preference walking speed: $1.24{\pm}0.10m/s$) who had no experience in falls (non-falls group) within this periods participated in this study. They were measured torque peaks of the knee and ankle joint using a Human Norm and while they were walking on a treadmill at their natural pace, kinematic variables and EMG signals were collected with using a 3-D motion capture system and a wireless EMG system, respectively. Lyapunov Exponent (LyE) was determined to observe the dynamic local stability of the lower extremity's joints, and muscles activation and their co-contraction index were also analysed from EMG signals. Hypotheses between falls and non-falls group were tested using paired t-test and Mann-Whitey. Level of significance was set at p<.05. Results: Local dynamic stability in the adduction-abduction movement of the knee joint was significantly lower in falling group than non-falling group (p<.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, muscles which act on the abduction-adduction movement of the knee joint need to be strengthened to prevent from potential falls during walking. However, a small number of samples for fallers make it difficult to generalize the results of this study.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.69-83
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the factors influencing evidence-based fall prevention nursing performance of hospital nurses. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 344 nurses from three general hospitals from January 20 to March 10, 2013. The study instruments included general characteristics of the subjects, and awareness and performance of fall prevention. Data were analyzed by t test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression using SPSS v. 20.0. Results: There were statistically significant differences in awareness and performance according to age, marital status, clinical experiences, workplace, experience of fall prevention education, knowledge of fall prevention, compliance with fall prevention, attention level toward prevention, recognition level of potential falls, nurse responsibility for falls, importance of fall prevention, efforts level for fall prevention, and awareness score of falls prevention. There was a positive correlation among awareness and performance of fall prevention. Based on the multiple regression analysis, compliance with fall prevention, efforts level for fall prevention, and awareness score of falls prevention were significant predictors for performance of fall prevention. The explanation power of the model was 64.1%. Conclusion: The findings revealed the need to develop an effective nursing intervention to improve hospital nurses' performance for fall prevention.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of after aquatic exercise on gait in the Falls Experienced elderly. There were one group : Fall Experienced Elderly Women(n=8). They were tested on their gait (Elapse time of each phase, Stance time of limb, Stride length, Velocity of segment). we took video and analyzed their movement using Ariel Performance Analysis System and compared gait parameters. For data analysis, mean and standard deviation scores were calculated, and correspondence sample t-test and pearson's correlation analysis were used. First, after exercise is short than before exercise on Elapse time of each phase, fall-experience subjects showed meaningful total time. Second, after exercise is short than before exercise on Stance time of limb and Stride length, fall-experience subjects showed meaningful Stride length. Third, after exercise is fast than before exercise on Velocity of segment.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.91-101
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between a experience of falling, fear of falling, depression, and perceived health status in urban areas. Methods: After obtaining Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, a one-time, face-to-face, and private interview was conducted with each participant who was eligible and agreed to participate in this study from May 2007 to August 2007 by trained graduate-level nursing students. The questionnaires consisted of Fall Efficacy Scale, K-GDS, and SF-36. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS/PC 12.0 program, which was used for frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and hierarchical regression. Results: The major findings of this study were as follows; 1) approximately 9% of participants had fallen within one year. Study participants reported moderate fear of falling(M=43.80); moderate physical health (M=42.31) and mental health(M=46.05); and low depression status(M=10.38). 2) there were significant differences in fear of falling according to gender, experience of falling, exercise, and depression. 3) significant factors influencing on fear of falling were experience of falling and physical health status. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that nurses working closely with older adults should be taught the impact of previous falls and physical health status on fear of falling and need to reinforce exercise behavior for older adults who are vulnerable to fear of falling.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.178-183
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• 2020

Objective: This study conducted in order to investigate the correlations between fall experience, balance, mobility, and confidence. We examined the difference between fall experience, and Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed-Up-and-Go test (TUG), Tinetti balance assessment (Tinetti balance [TiB], Tinetti gait [TiG]), and Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale scores to see how fall experience, balance, mobility, and confidence of the persons with stroke affects their balance. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Forty-one subjects participated in this study. The BBS includes 14 items, consisting of a 5-point scale from 0 to 4, totaling up to 56 points. The Timed Up and Go-Alone (TUGA) was used to measure the average time to take a 3 m round-trip by getting up and down from a 46-cm high chair with an armrest on a flat floor. The Timed-Up-and-Go-Cognitive (TUGC) was performed by counting backwards and the Timed Up and Go-Manual (TUGM) is performed by holding a cup full of water. The total score for the TiB is 16 points, and the TiG is 12 points, making a total of 28 points. There are 16 items total for the ABC scale. Results: According to the fall experience, BBS, the TUGA and TUGC values were significantly higher in the inexperienced group compared to the experienced group (p<0.05). The number of falls was significantly correlated with BBS, TUGA, TUGC, TUGM, TiB, TiG, TiB+TiG (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study supports that falls experience is strongly related to balance, mobility, and confidence. Optimal balance training programs for fall prevention is still insufficient and must be developed.