• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.83-107
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• 2001

가상상황 가치평가법은 시장에서 거래되지 않는 비시장재 또는 공공재의 가치를 평가하는데 자주 사용된다. 이 방법은 특정 금액에 대한 응답자의 지불의사를 질문함으로써 특정 공공재에 대한 지불의사확률을 추정하고 이를 binary-logit 분석을 통하여 그 재화의 사용가치를 추정한다. 본 논문에서는 이 방법을 사용하여 P산의 사용가치를 3가지 시나리오를 사용하여 평가하였다. 그 결과 P산에 대한 1회 이용의 지불의사액은 1,055.92원 ~ 1,995.61원이고 매주 10만 명의 이용객을 가정할 때 P산의 사용가치는 년 54.91억원 ~ 103.77억원으로 추정되었다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2016

Control chart is representative tools of statistical process control (SPC). It is a graph that plotting the characteristic values from the process. It has two steps (or Phase). First step is a procedure for finding a process parameters. It is called Phase I. This step is to find the process parameters by using data obtained from in-controlled process. It is a step that the standard value was not determined. Another step is monitoring process by already known process parameters from Phase I. It is called Phase II. These control chart is the process quality characteristic value for management, which is plotted dot whether the existence within the control limit or not. But, this is not given information about the economic loss that occurs when a product characteristic value does not match the target value. In order to meet the customer needs, company not only consider stability of the process variation but also produce the product that is meet the target value. Taguchi's quadratic loss function is include information about economic loss that occurred by the mismatch the target value. However, Taguchi's quadratic loss function is very simple quadratic curve. It is difficult to realistically reflect the increased amount of loss that due to a deviation from the target value. Also, it can be well explained by only on condition that the normal process. Spiring proposed an alternative loss function that called reflected normal loss function (RNLF). In this paper, we design a new control chart for overcome these disadvantage by using the Spiring's RNLF. And we demonstrate effectiveness of new control chart by comparing its average run length (ARL) with ${\bar{x}}-R$ control chart and expected loss control chart (ELCC).

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.19-48
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• 2008

In order to verify the risk of onset of the illnesses based on gender, age, and monthly income 1,739 subjects from Hongcheon county, Gangwon province were selected. Questionnaire on demographic sociology, health condition, existence of illnesses(cancer, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, arthritis, cardiac disorders), and usage of public health services was surveyed from October 1, 2006 to October 20, 2006. Following conclusions were reached on the basis of the questionnaire : - For demographic sociological peculiarities, gender, age, occupation, and education level were evenly distributed. Most were under normal marriage(67.38%), health insurance(86.39%), 494(36.0%) individuals with less than monthly income of 1 million won, 494(36.0%) individuals with monthly income between 1 and 2 million won, 219(16.0%) with monthly income between 2 and 3 million won, and 164(12.0%) individuals with more than 3 million won, thus showing relatively low income. - For health status, 1,199(70.28%) individuals are non-smokers, 209(45.63%) individuals smoke $10{\sim}20$ cigarettes a day, 754(44.02%) individuals exercise less than twice a week are the major sector of the population. 1,518(88.10%) individuals have regular checkup more than once and 1,131(65.49%) stated their health condition less than average. - For comparison of existence of illnesses between genders, there was no statistical significance on cancer, stroke, and diabetes. But statistical significance was shown on hypertension(P value 0.025), arthritis(P value 0.000), and cardiac disorders(P value 0.016). Statistical significance was seen in the age comparison, and OR(confidence interval) drastically increased with increase in age. - There was no difference between the primary health clinic(P value 0.000), most visited clinic(P value 0.000), selection criteria(P value 0.000), and satisfaction on efficacy(P value 0.000). There was a tendency preferring hospital than public health center with increase in income. - For correlation between the existence of illnesses among different income levels, except for cancer(P value 0.172), statistical significance was seen in hypertension(P value 0.000), stroke(P value 0.003), diabetes (P value 0.001), arthritis(P value 0.000), and cardiac disorders(P value 0.000). The number of individuals suffering from illnesses and ratio all decreased for all illnesses with increase in income. - After adjusting confounding factors(gender, age, income, marriage, occupation, education) and male (1) as the standard, OR (confidence interval) of cancer, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, arthritis, cardiac disorders were 0.47(0.11${\sim}$2.05), 1.27(0.89${\sim}$1.81), 0.58(0.21${\sim}$1.59), 0.71(0.41${\sim}$1.23), 1.79(1.34${\sim}$2.39, P<0.01), and 1.46(0.72${\sim}$2.96), respectively. Risk of arthritis is significantly high in female and 20's (1) as the standard, OR(confidence interval) of cancer, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, arthritis, cardiac disorders were 1.01(0.96${\sim}$1.07), 1.06(1.04${\sim}$1.07, P<0.01), 1.05(1.01${\sim}$1.10, P<0.01), 1.06(1.03${\sim}$1.08, P<0.01), 1.05(1.03${\sim}$1.06, P<0.01), and 1.06(1.04${\sim}$1.09, P<0.01), respectively. Risk of onset for illnesses significantly increased with yearly aging except for cancer. - For comparison between monthly income after adjusting confounding factors(gender, age, income, marriage, occupation, education), with less than 1 million won (1) as the standard, OR(confidence interval) of cancer for 1 to 2 million won, 2 to 3 million won, and more than 3 million won were 0.23(0.03${\sim}$2.16), 2.53(0.41${\sim}$15.43), and 1.73(0.15${\sim}$19.50), respectively. OR(confidence interval) of hypertension were 1.12(0.76 ${\sim}$1.66), 0.68(0.34${\sim}$1.34), and 2.04(1.08${\sim}$3.86, P<0.01), respectively. OR(confidence interval) of stroke were 0.96(0.30${\sim}$3.08) for 1 to 2 million won, and 0.80(0.08${\sim}$8.46) for 2 to 3 million won. OR(confidence interval) of diabetes were 0.73(0.38${\sim}$1.38), 0.65(0.24${\sim}$1.71), and 0.69(0.24${\sim}$2.01), respectively. The values were 0.76(0.55${\sim}$1.03), 1.14(0.75${\sim}$1.73), and 0.90(0.56${\sim}$1.46), respectively for arthritis. OR(confidence interval) of cardiac disorders were 1.15(0.53${\sim}$2.48), 0.63(0.13${\sim}$3.12), and 1.20(0.28${\sim}$5.14), respectively. Risks of cancer, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, arthritis, and cardiac disorders were dependent of monthly income, and stroke and diabetes decreased with increase in income. Summarizing above data, arthritis was significantly higher in women and increase in age by each year brought significant increase in the chance of onset in hypertension, stroke, diabetes, arthritis, and cardiac disorders except for cancer. Stroke and diabetes decreased with increase in income. Above findings can be applied and reflected in public health policies at the national level, and it can also be applied at the personal level for individual health maintenance and prevention.

• 대중서사연구
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.79-104
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• 2021

오늘날 대중문화 속에서 적극적으로 소비되는 콘텐츠로는 단연 '좀비 서사'를 들 수 있다. 어느새 '좀비'는 한국 사회의 특수성과 맞물려 우리가 살아가는 시대를 드러내는 독특한 캐릭터로 자리매김하고 있다. 그러나 기존의 한국 현대소설 안에서는 좀비물이 적극적으로 서사화된 경우가 쉽게 눈에 띄지 않는다. 본 논문은 현대소설 내에서 좀처럼 등장하지 않던 '좀비'의 존재를 주목하고, 대중문화 속에서 폭발적으로 소비되고 있는 '좀비 서사'에 관한 문학적 가치를 조명하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 본론에서는 좀비가 주는 공포를 '알 수 없음'의 문제와 연결해서 좀비라는 존재에 대한 '무지(無知)'가 주는 공포를 살펴보았다. 그리고 좀비가 지닌 '사유(思惟)'의 '부재(不在)'를 한나 아렌트가 제기한 '악의 평범성' 개념과 연결하여 '무지(無智)'의 측면에서 고찰하였다. 또한 소설에 그려진 좀비와 인간 사이에서 발견되는 새로운 연대의 가능성에 주목하였다. 이는 좀비로부터 살아남은 인간들 사이의 연대를 넘어서서, 인간과 좀비 사이의 연대에 관한 탐색이라고 볼 수 있다. 쫓는 자와 쫓기는 자, 포획하는 자와 포획당하는 자라는 이분법적 구도로 설명되지 않는 새로운 관계에 대한 조명으로, 이는 현대인의 도식화된 이분법적 사고에 균열을 가한다는 점에서 좀비 서사의 새로운 가능성을 제시한다. 이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이 본 연구는 국내 현대 소설에서 좀처럼 등장하지 않던 '좀비'의 존재를 탐구함으로써, '좀비'에 관한 문학적 가치를 조명하고, 나아가 새로운 서사의 가능성을 타진하고 있다는 점에서 의의를 갖는다. 더불어 주로 영상물 위주로 진행되어온 기존의 '좀비 서사' 연구의 외연을 확장한다는 점에서도 주목할 만한 가치가 있다고 할 것이다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2012

본 연구는 유통시장의 개방과 함께 다양한 형태의 유통 업태들과의 경쟁으로 인해 어려움을 겪고 있는 시장에 관심을 가진 연구이다. 특히, 미래의 소비자인 대학생들의 관점에서 시장에 대한 점포선택속성과 시장에 대해 갖는 소비감정, 소비자 가치와 관계품질의 관계를 분석함으로써 장기적인 차원의 시장 경쟁력 강화를 위한 단서를 찾고자 하였다. 이를 위해 점포선택속성의 3개 요인의 관계품질의 정도와 함께 점포선택속성과 소비자 가치, 소비자 가치와 관계품질 간을 대학생들이 지각하는 소비감정의 정도가 조절역할을 하는지를 분석하였다. 또한 점포선택속성과 관계품질 간의 관계에 대한 소비자 가치의 매개역할에 대해 분석하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 점포선택속성 중 서비스 요인과 광고 요인이 관계품질에 정(+)적인 영향을 나타내었다. 이런 결과는 대학생들이 시장에 대해 신뢰하고 만족하는 요인이 서비스와 광고임을 의미하고 있다는 것과 시장의 점포분위기가 관계품질에 미치는 영향이 미미함을 의미한다. 추가적인 분석을 하지 않아 속단할 수는 없지만 대학생들이 갖는 시장이라는 이미지의 고정관념은 관계품질에 크게 영향을 주지 않기 때문이라 추정할 수 있다. 둘째, 대학생들은 시장의 점포선택속성에 있어 서비스 요인을 가장 중요한 것으로 선택하여 시장이 대형점포들과의 경쟁에서 우위를 차지하기 위해서는 대형점포들의 셀프서비스 방식이라는 한계점을 넘어 서비스 요인의 강화가 필요함을 의미하고 있다. 셋째, 점포선택속성과 소비자 가치, 소비자 가치와 관계품질 각각의 관계에 대한 소비감정의 조절효과는 모두 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 즉, 소비감정의 정도는 점포선택속성과 소비자 가치의 인과관계에 영향이 없음을 의미하며, 소비자 가치와 관계품질의 인과관계에도 영향이 없음을 뜻한다. 이는 대학생들을 대상으로 설문을 실시한 결과일 가능성이 있어 추가 연구에 일반인을 대상으로 다시 분석해볼 필요가 있다. 마지막으로 소비자 가치는 서비스 요인과 관계품질, 광고 요인과 관계품질 모두에 완전 매개함을 나타내 시장과 소비자의 관계품질 향상을 위해 가장 중요한 요인임을 알 수 있었다. 즉, 시장이 소비자들에 대한 관계품질 개선을 위해서는 미래의 잠재고객인 대학생들에게 시장에 대한 가치를 충분히 느낄 수 있는 다양한 전략을 수립해야 함을 의미한다. 말미에는 이 연구결과를 통해 얻을 수 있는 영향과 향후 연구 방향을 제시하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.365-371
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• 2009

A intelligent mobile hexapod robot with various types of sensors and wireless camera is introduced. We show this mobile robot can detect objects well by combining the results of active sensors and image processing algorithm. First, to detect objects, active sensors such as infrared rays sensors and supersonic waves sensors are employed together and calculates the distance in real time between the object and the robot using sensor's output. The difference between the measured value and calculated value is less than 5%. This paper suggests effective visual detecting system for moving objects with specified color and motion information. The proposed method includes the object extraction and definition process which uses color transformation and AWUPC computation to decide the existence of moving object. We add weighing values to each results from sensors and the camera. Final results are combined to only one value which represents the probability of an object in the limited distance. Sensor fusion technique improves the detection rate at least 7% higher than the technique using individual sensor.

• Carbon letters
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.159-163
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• 2004

The polymer-ceramic hybrid, known as 'ceramer', was synthesized by a sol-gel process by incorporating different amount of alkoxide as source of silicon in resorcinol-formaldehyde in presence of basic catalyst to get different percentage of silicon in ultimate carbonized composites. FTIR of the ceramer confirms that it is a network of Si-O-Si, Si-O-$CH_2$ and Si-OH type groups linked with benzene ring. Different amount of silicon in the ceramer exhibits varying temperature of thermal stability and lower coefficient of thermal expansion as compared to pure resorcinol-formaldehyde resin. The lower value of CTE in ceramer is due to existence of silica and resorcinol -formaldehyde in co-continuous phase. Unidirectional composites prepared with ceramer matrix and high-strength carbon fibers show lower value of flexural strength at polymer stage as compared to those prepared with resorcinol-formaldehyde resin. However, after heat treatment to $1450^{\circ}C$, the ceramer matrix composites show large improvement in the mechanical properties, i.e. with 7% silicon in the ceramer, the flexural strength is enhanced by 100% and flexural modulus value by 40% as compared to that of pure resorcinol-formaldehyde resin matrix composites.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.3550-3566
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• 2020

As a widely used way to exfiltrate information, wireless covert channel (WCC) brings a serious threat to communication security, which enables the wireless communication process to bypass the authorized access control mechanism to disclose information. Unlike the covert channel on the network layer, wireless covert channels on the physical layer (WCC-P) is a new covert communication mode to implement and improve covert wireless communication. Existing WCC-P scheme modulates the secret message bits into the Gaussian noise, which is also called covert digital communication system based on the joint normal distribution (CJND). Finding the existence of this type of covert channel remains a challenging work due to its high undetectability. In this paper, we exploit the square autocorrelation coefficient (SAC) characteristic of the CJND signal to distinguish the covert communication from legitimate communication. We study the sharp increase of the SAC value when the offset is equal to the symbol length, which is caused by embedding secret information. Then, the SAC value of the measured sample is compared with the threshold value to determine whether the measured sample is CJND sample. When the signal-to-noise ratio reaches 20db, the detection accuracy can reach more than 90%.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.985-1000
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• 2010

Sufficient conditions for the existence of positive solutions for a coupled system of nonlinear nonlocal boundary value problems of the type -x"(t) = f(t, y(t)), t $\in$ (0, 1), -y"(t) = g(t, x(t)), t $\in$ (0, 1), x(0) = y(0) = 0, x(1) = ${\alpha}x(\eta)$, y(1) = ${\alpha}y(\eta)$, are obtained. The nonlinearities f, g : (0,1) $\times$ (0, $\infty$ ) $\rightarrow$ (0, $\infty$) are continuous and may be singular at t = 0, t = 1, x = 0, or y = 0. The parameters $\eta$, $\alpha$, satisfy ${\eta}\;{\in}\;$ (0,1), 0 < $\alpha$ < $1/{\eta}$. An example is provided to illustrate the results.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.923-930
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• 2003

We jointed Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O multifilament tapes and evaluated their electrical and mechanical properties. In order to improve connectivity of multifilaments, one or two single-filament tape was inserted between two multifilament tapes. The critical current ratio(CCR) and n-value of the jointed tapes were evaluated as a function of uniaxial pressure. It was observed that critical current ratio and n-value were 24.8-29.0% and 2.5-2.8 for MM lap-jointed tape. On the other hand, the corresponding values were improved to 24.7-53.9% and 3.1-4.2 for MSM jointed tape, and 63.4-76.0% and 3.4-5.1 for double MS:vr lap-jointed tape, respectively. The highest electrical properties of double MSM lap-jointed tape are considered to be owing to the presence of single core, causing better interconnections of multifilaments between the two tapes. The mechanical property of jointed tape was evaluated and correlated to the microstructural evolution. The strength of jointed tapes was 44-64% less than that of the unjoined tape. The strain tolerance of jointed tape was also reduced compared to that of the unjoined tape. These lower mechanical properties of jointed tape are probably due to the induced nonuniform microstructure such as the existence of cracks and Ag-intrusion in the joined region.