• 운동영양학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2021

[Purpose] We determined the effect of partial sleep deprivation (PSD) after an exercise session on exercise performance on the following morning. [Methods] Eleven male athletes performed either a normal sleep trial (CON) or a PSD trial. On the first day (day 1), all subjects performed an exercise session consisting of 90 min of running (at 75% ${\dot{V}}O_{2max}$) followed by 100 drop jumps. Maximal strength (MVC) was evaluated before and after exercise. In the CON trial, the sleep duration was 23:00-7:00, while in the PSD trial, the sleep duration was shortened to 40% of the regular sleep duration. On the following morning (day 2), MVC, the metabolic responses during 20 min of running (at 75% ${\dot{V}}O_{2max}$), and time to exhaustion (TTE) at 85% ${\dot{V}}O_{2max}$ were evaluated. [Results] On day 2, neither the MVC nor ${\dot{V}}O_2$ during 20 min of running differed significantly between the two trials. However, the respiratory exchange ratio was significantly lower in the PSD trial than in the CON trial (p = 0.01). Moreover, the TTE was significantly shorter in the PSD trial than in the CON trial (p = 0.01). [Conclusion] A single night of PSD after an exercise session significantly decreased endurance performance without significantly changing muscle strength or cardiopulmonary response.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2021

[Purpose] This pilot study aimed to develop a regression model to estimate the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) of Korean adults using various easy-to-measure dependent variables. [Methods] The EPOC and dependent variables for its estimation (e.g., sex, age, height, weight, body mass index, fat-free mass [FFM], fat mass, % body fat, and heart rate_sum [HR_sum]) were measured in 75 healthy adults (31 males, 44 females). Statistical analysis was performed to develop an EPOC estimation regression model using the stepwise regression method. [Results] We confirmed that FFM and HR_sum were important variables in the EPOC regression models of various exercise types. The explanatory power and standard errors of estimates (SEE) for EPOC of each exercise type were as follows: the continuous exercise (CEx) regression model was 86.3% (R²) and 85.9% (adjusted R²), and the mean SEE was 11.73 kcal, interval exercise (IEx) regression model was 83.1% (R²) and 82.6% (adjusted R²), while the mean SEE was 13.68 kcal, and the accumulation of short-duration exercise (AEx) regression models was 91.3% (R²) and 91.0% (adjusted R²), while the mean SEE was 27.71 kcal. There was no significant difference between the measured EPOC using a metabolic gas analyzer and the predicted EPOC for each exercise type. [Conclusion] This pilot study developed a regression model to estimate EPOC in healthy Korean adults. The regression model was as follows: CEx = -37.128 + 1.003 × (FFM) + 0.016 × (HR_sum), IEx = -49.265 + 1.442 × (FFM) + 0.013 × (HR_sum), and AEx = -100.942 + 2.209 × (FFM) + 0.020 × (HR_sum).

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.42-55
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• 2021

[Purpose] This study investigated the effects of marine phytoplankton supplementation (Oceanix®, Tetraselmis chuii) on 1) maximal isometric strength and immune function in healthy humans following a oneweek high-intensity resistance-training program and 2) the proinflammatory cytokine response to exercise in a rat model. [Methods] In the human trial, 22 healthy male and female participants were randomly divided into marine phytoplankton and placebo groups. Following baseline testing, participants underwent a 14-day supplement loading phase before completing five consecutive days of intense resistance training. In the rat model, rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=7 per condition): (i) control, (ii) exercise, (iii) exercise + marine phytoplankton (2.55 mg/kg/day), or (iv) exercise + marine phytoplankton (5.1 mg/kg/day). Rats in the exercising groups performed treadmill exercise 5 days per week for 6 weeks. [Results] In the human model, marine phytoplankton prevented significant declines in the isometric peak rate of force development compared to placebo. Additionally, salivary immunoglobulin A concentration was significantly lower following the resistance training protocol in the placebo group but not in the marine phytoplankton group. Marine phytoplankton in exercising rats decreased intramuscular levels and serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and intramuscular concentrations of malondialdehyde. [Conclusion] Marine phytoplankton prevented decrements in indices of functional exercise recovery and immune function. Mechanistically, these outcomes could be prompted by modulating the oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine response to exercise.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a supplementary shouting technique on abdominal muscle activation to the rectus abdominis (RA) and external oblique (EO) muscles during performance of crunch exercise in healthy subjects. Methods: Sixty-four subjects were randomly allocated to two groups, crunch exercise with shouting group (SG) and crunch exercise with non-shouting group (NSG), with 32 subjects in each group, respectively. The interventions were conducted over three trials in each group, and measurements were performed on each subject by one examiner in three trials. Muscle activation of RA and EO was evaluated using electromyography (EMG) during performance of crunch exercise with or without shouting. Results: Our results showed a significantly greater increase in the EMG patterns of the RA and EO muscles during performance of crunch exercise in the SG compared to the NSG (p<0.01). Conclusion: These findings suggest that addition of the shouting technique during performance of crunch exercise, at the same time, would suggest positive evidence for improving activation of abdominal muscles.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.101-113
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• 2021

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences and correlation between body composition, exercise performance, and behavior based on playing football in childhood. METHODS: 16 subjects who played football in childhood participated in the study. Body composition and exercise performance were measured, and problem behavior was assessed for each of them. All subjects were asked to play football 50 min/day, one day/week for 8-weeks. RESULTS: Muscle mass, muscular strength, balance, and cardiopulmonary endurance, anxiety depression, atrophy depression, attention problems, rule violations, DSM somatization problems, DSM rebellious behavior problems, and sociality significantly increased after 8-weeks. There was a negative (-) correlation between anxiety depression and atrophy depression, and DSM somatization problem and muscular strength, attention problem and balance, and rule violation and cardiopulmonary endurance, after playing football. CONCLUSION: These results confirmed that playing football in childhood had a positive effect on body composition, and that exercise performance and problem behavior were related.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.53-65
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• 2016

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and analyse the change on muscular strength and exercise performance ability of university students participating in leisure sports by elastic-band exercise program. Method : The subjects(N=22) participating in leisure sports are recruited from K university located in Chungbuk. The subjects which are divided to 2 groups as experimental group(N=11) conducted elastic-band exercise program and control group(N=11) conducted stretching program. The muscular strength and exercise performance ability were measured before and after intervention. Result : There were no significant differences(p>.05) in sex, age, height, and weight among subjects. In the measurement of muscular strength, a significant difference(p<.05) was observed in each group, and there was also significant difference(p<.05) between two groups except gastrocnemius(p>.05). A significant difference(p<.05) in muscular volume was observed in each group, and there was also significant difference(p<.05) between two groups apart from gastrocnemius(p>.05). In exercise performance ability, there was significant difference(p<.05) in sergent jump and side-step in each group, and there was a significant difference(p<.05) between two groups in sergent jump, but there was no significant difference(p>0.5) in side-step. Conclusion : Based on this study, through a variety of age and various intervention period to apply more subjects conducting elastic-band exercise program should continue.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.273-282
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to provide the effective method for exercise therapy in soccer player. Methods : 30 soccer players were recruited for subjects. The subjects were divided to dynamic stretching exercise combined tDCS (Group I), dynamic stretching exercise combined Sham-tDCS (Group II) of which 15 subjects were randomly allocated. The subjects were given 3 hour of soccer skill and performance and additionally given 20 minutes of dynamic stretching exercise combined tDCS and sham-tDCS for each group, five times a week, for 6 weeks. Their muscle activity and jump performance were analyzed before the intervention. After 6 weeks of the intervention, the mentioned parameters were measured once more for between-group analysis. Results : Comparative analysis of the muscle activity and jump performance between the groups I and groups II showed statistically significant difference. Conclusion : Such results revealed that dynamic stretching exercise combined with tDCS is effective in muscle activity and jump performance. Based on the current study, more effective program is to be proposed for neurologic and musculoskelectal disorder as well as soccer player. Based on the current study, studies that incorporates various combine of variable is required for development of effective tDCS program.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.391-396
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• 2020

본 연구는 하지 사슬운동 유형이 라이프케어먼트를 위한 운동 수행능력에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 전라북도 소재 J대학의 정상 성인 여성 20명이 참여하여 두 가지 유형의 사슬운동을 적용하여 배곧은근의 활성도와 균형 능력에 대한 운동 효과 차이를 검사하였다. 참여자들은 각 유형의 운동에 대해 4주 동안 운동을 시행하도록 하였고 그룹 내 및 그룹 간 차이를 비교하기 위해 대응표본 t-검정과 독립 표본 t- 검정을 이용해 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 근육활성도와 균형 기능에서 닫힌사슬 운동이 열린사슬 운동보다 더 효과적이라는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 임상 치료 환경에서 환자에게 하지 운동기능 향상을 위해 사슬운동을 적용할 경우에 닫힌사슬 운동 적용이 보다 효과적일 수 있음을 제시한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.807-819
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• 1997

The purpose of the study was to identify the effects of a 12-week low-intensity exercise program on muscle strength, flexibility, balance, and cognitive characteristics related to the performance of activity of daily living(ADL). A total of 16 patients who were admitted to the medical unit of a general hospital in ChoongChung province were recruited, eight for the exercise group and eight for the comparison group. Four levels of low-intensity exercise from 'ROM on bed' to 'exercise while walking' were then applied to the exercise group according to their physical condition. During hospitalization, patients in the exercise group performed each level of the prescribed exercise with the researchers until they felt comfortable doing it independently. The researchers also visited the patients' homes after discharge to make sure they could perform the exercise with Theraband in their living environment. The exercise group was contacted by phone once a week to assess the frequency and intensity in which they performed the exercise as well as their physical condition. The subjects in the comparison group participated in measurements for the study without performing the exercise and were contacted by phone after discharge, in a matched time frame with the exercise group, to assess physical condition. Muscle strength, flexibility, balance, cognitive characteristics, and performance of ADL for the two groups were compared at the pretest and the posttest after the low-intensity exercise program by utilizing SPSSWIN and the results are as follows : 1) At the postest, measurements of muscle strengths showed that the strength of the dorsal flexor in the exercise group was significantly higher than in the comparison group. 2) Objective balance for the exercise group was significantly better than for the comparison group as measured by 'standing on one foot' and Tinetti gait and balance control. 3) The exercise group showed significantly higher task self-efficacy than the comparison group. 4) Perceived exertion for ADL for the exercise group was significantly lower than for the comparison group. 5) Improvement of performance of ADL without assistance was significantly higher for the exercise group than the comparison group. The findings suggest that a low-intensity exercise program would be useful for the elderly who show decline in their physical functioning due to hospitalization by partly improving physical strength, task self-efficacy, and performance of ADL. Directions for further research on issues of motivating people to exercise as well as of standardizing various types of exercise were discussed.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.745-758
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• 2001

The purpose of study to phenomenological examine and the mechanism regarding the gene(DNA, RNA, Protein) and sports to studied, analyzed. and evaluated. This review considers the evidence for genetic effects in several determinants of endurance performance and resistance performance, namely: body measurements and physique, body fat pulmonary functions, cardiac and circulatory functions, muscle characteristics. substrate utilization, maximal aerobic power and other. Moreover, the response to aerobic training of indicators aerobic work metabolism and endurance performance is reviewed, with emphasis on the specificity of the response and the individual differences observed in training ability. This study indicate that improvement of 'Enhancer Action' in RNA genes changed by exercise or sports. Moreover exercise was effect on Central Dogma with DNA makes RNA makes Protein. and think that occurred with exercise influence on skeletal muscle into cell have to Myosin Heavy Chain (MHC) changed was after exercise performance, which accompanied into skeletal muscle that were exercise-induces gene-modulation that is, take gene mutations. This study known that existed hormone(epinephrine)-immune system with interaction. Exercise were altered insulin binding and MAP Kinase signaling increased into immune cells. This review suggested that the high rate of glutamine utilization by cells of the immune system serves to maintain a high intra cellular concentration of the intermediates of biosynthetic pathways such that optimal rates of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis can be maintained. In the absence of glutamine, lymphocytes do not proliferate in vitro: proliferation increase greatly as the glutamine concentration increase. Glutamine is synthesized in skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle and plasma glutamine levels are lowered by sepsis, injury, bums, surgery and endurance exercise and in the overtrained athlete. The study of result show that production of ET-1 is markedly increased tissue specifically in the heart by exercise without appreciable changes in endothelin-converting enzyme and endothelial receptor expressions, suggest that myocardial ET-1 may participate in modulation of cardiac function during exercise. Conclusionally, this study indicate that improvement of 'Enhancer Action' in RNA genes changed by exercise or sports. Moreover exercise was effect on Central Dogma with DNA makes RNA makes Protein. This study is expected to contribute the area of sports science, medicine, hereafter more effort is required to establish the relation between gene alters and exercise amount.