Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition (운동영양학회지)

한국운동영양학회
권호 표지
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Marine phytoplankton improves recovery and sustains immune function in humans and lowers proinflammatory immunoregulatory cytokines in a rat model

  • Sharp, Matthew (Research Division, Applied Science and Performance Institute) ;
  • Wilson, Jacob (Research Division, Applied Science and Performance Institute) ;
  • Stefan, Matthew (Research Division, Applied Science and Performance Institute) ;
  • Gheith, Raad (Research Division, Applied Science and Performance Institute) ;
  • Lowery, Ryan (Research Division, Applied Science and Performance Institute) ;
  • Ottinger, Charlie (Research Division, Applied Science and Performance Institute) ;
  • Reber, Dallen (Research Division, Applied Science and Performance Institute) ;
  • Orhan, Cemal (Department of Animal Nutrition, Firat University) ;
  • Sahin, Nurhan (Department of Animal Nutrition, Firat University) ;
  • Tuzcu, Mehmet (Department of Biology, Firat University) ;
  • Durkee, Shane (Lonza Consumer Health Inc.) ;
  • Saiyed, Zainulabedin (Lonza Consumer Health Inc.) ;
  • Sahin, Kazim (Department of Animal Nutrition, Firat University)
  • Received : 2021.01.29
  • Accepted : 2021.03.30
  • Published : 2021.03.31
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Abstract

[Purpose] This study investigated the effects of marine phytoplankton supplementation (Oceanix®, Tetraselmis chuii) on 1) maximal isometric strength and immune function in healthy humans following a oneweek high-intensity resistance-training program and 2) the proinflammatory cytokine response to exercise in a rat model. [Methods] In the human trial, 22 healthy male and female participants were randomly divided into marine phytoplankton and placebo groups. Following baseline testing, participants underwent a 14-day supplement loading phase before completing five consecutive days of intense resistance training. In the rat model, rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=7 per condition): (i) control, (ii) exercise, (iii) exercise + marine phytoplankton (2.55 mg/kg/day), or (iv) exercise + marine phytoplankton (5.1 mg/kg/day). Rats in the exercising groups performed treadmill exercise 5 days per week for 6 weeks. [Results] In the human model, marine phytoplankton prevented significant declines in the isometric peak rate of force development compared to placebo. Additionally, salivary immunoglobulin A concentration was significantly lower following the resistance training protocol in the placebo group but not in the marine phytoplankton group. Marine phytoplankton in exercising rats decreased intramuscular levels and serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and intramuscular concentrations of malondialdehyde. [Conclusion] Marine phytoplankton prevented decrements in indices of functional exercise recovery and immune function. Mechanistically, these outcomes could be prompted by modulating the oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine response to exercise.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was financially supported by Lonza Consumer Health Inc. S.D. and Z.S. were employed by Lonza Consumer Health Inc. Neither of these authors were involved in data collection, data curation, or formal analysis. All other authors have no competing interests to declare.

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