• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.530-535
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• 2008

본 연구는 울릉도 고추냉이 개체군의 식생과 토양특성, 분포서열법을 분석하기 위해 수행되었다. 고추냉이 개체군은 서면의 해발고 440m에서 570m 사이와 나리분지의 해발 340m 부근에 분포하고 있다. 고추냉이 군락지의 토양은 유기물함량 15.01%, 전질소함량 0.48%, 유효인산함량 44.19mg/kg, 치환성 K 2.00(me/100g), 치환성 Ca 7.19(me/100g), 치환성 Mg 4.44(me/100g), 양이온치환용량 22.55(me/100g)로 높게 나타났으며, 토양 pH는 6.17로 약산성 토양의 특징을 나타내고 있다. 일색고사리 우점개체군은 좀깨잎나무 우점개체군보다 전질소, 유기물함량, CEC, 치환성 Ca 등이 다소 많은 입지에 분포하고 있는데 반하여 좀깨잎나무 우점개체군은 일색고사리 우점개체군보다 pH가 다소 높은 입지에 분포하고 있었다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.165-172
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• 2013

The habitats characteristics of Rhododendron micranthum Turcz. were investigated to compile basic data for conservation and restoration. Natural habitats were located at altitudes of 100-500 m with inclinations of $10-35^{\circ}$. Rhododendron micranthum population was classified into Pinus densiflora dominant population. In the study sites, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphate, exchangeable potassium, exchangeable sodium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, cation exchange capacity and soil pH were 4.10-8.64%, 0.18-0.46%, 8.69-26.70 $mgkg^{-1}$, 0.10-0.23 $cmol^+kg^{-1}$, 0.06-0.10 $cmol^+kg^{-1}$, 0.85-4.10 $cmol^+kg^{-1}$, 0.24-0.64 $cmol^+kg^{-1}$, 12.76-20.90 $cmol^+kg^{-1}$, 4.34-5.15. Rooting rate is too low, cutting propagation, breeding methods are not good. Also, this study was investigated seed germination of R. micranthum depends on soaking treatment. R. micranthum was soaked with tap water for four days, the average values of germination day were represented of 70%/1 week.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.240-245
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• 2015

The monitoring of soil fertility changes in orchard is very important for agricultural sustainability. Field monitoring was performed to evaluate the soil chemical properties of 140 orchard (23 sites for sandy loam, 88 sites for loam, 28 sites for silt loam, and 1 site for loamy fine sand) in Gyeongnam province every 4 years from 2002 to 2014. Soil chemical properties such as pH, electrical conductivity, amount of organic matter (OM), available phosphate ($P_2O_5$), lime requirement (LR), exchangeable potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sodium were analyzed. The amount of OM, exchangeable K, Ca, and Mg were significantly increased as cultivation year increases. The frequency distribution within optimum range of subsoil chemical properties in 2014 was 34.3% for pH, 35.0% for OM, 17.1% for available $P_2O_5$, 22.9% for exchangeable K, 15.7% for exchangeable Ca, and 22.1% for exchangeable Mg. In addition, the available $P_2O_5$ and exchangeable calcium were excess level with portions of 69.3% and 48.6%, respectively. The soil chemical properties in the topsoil and subsoil showed that soil pH was significantly higher in sandy loam soil than those from the loam and silt loam soils. The OM, exchangeable K, Mg, and LR of loam soil were higher than those from the sandy loam soil. These results indicated that a balanced management of soil chemical properties as affected by soil texture can improve the amount of fertilizer applied for sustainable agriculture in orchard field.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.235-242
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• 2015

시설재배지에서 수용성 규산칼륨 처리가 수박의 생육, 수량, 양분흡수 및 토양특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 수용성 규산칼륨을 무처리, 1.63mM, 3.25mM, 6.50mM의 4수준을 두어 토양관주 처리하였으며, 처리시기는 착과전 2회와 착과후 4회로 총 6회를 7일 간격으로 처리하였다. 시험후 토양화학성은 수용성 규산처리에 따라 pH, EC 유효인산, 치환성 K, Ca, Mg, $NO_3-N$은 증가하였으며, 유기물 함량은 대조구와 비슷하였다. 수확기 수박 생육 특성 중 경경, 생중 및 건물중은 수용성 규산칼륨 처리에서 두껍고 무거웠으며, 만장과 절수는 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 수박 수확기 잎에 함유되어 있는 무기성분 함량은 수용성 규산칼륨 수준이 높아짐에 따라 N은 감소하고 P와 K는 증가하였으나 Ca과 Mg는 차이가 없었다. 생육단계별 엽록소함량은 착과전에는 수용성 규산칼륨처리에 따른 차이가 없었으나 착과후 및 수확기로 갈수록 수용성 규산칼륨 수준이 높아짐에 따라 엽색도가 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 흰가루병 발생정도는 대조구에 비하여 수용성 규산칼륨 수준이 높을수록 발생정도가 낮았다. 수박의 과중은 수용성 규산칼륨 처리에 의해 0.1~0.5kg/개 무거워졌으며, 당도는 $0.5{\sim}0.6^{\circ}Brix$ 정도 높아졌고, 상품수량은 대조구에 비하여 2~4% 증수되었다. 이상의 결과 시설수박 재배지에 수용성 규산칼륨 처리는 양분흡수 증가, 수박 상품수량 증가 및 흰가루병 발생 억제로 시설 수박재배에 친환경적인 방법으로 안정생산에 활용할 수 있으리라 본다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.399-407
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• 2013

Organic grape was generally produced in rainshield or plastic greenhouse culture while most of fruits were produced in open field. But little attention has been given to soil properties with different culture facilities in organic grape cultivation. This study was conducted to investigate soil physico-chemical properties of organic grapes farms with different culture facilities and soil management practices. Organic fertilizer was main resource to manage soil at organic grapes farms. Organic grapes farms were applied with total amount of organic fertilizer at one time, either at basal or additional fertilization, whereas conventional grapes farms applied with split fertilization. Bulk density and penetration resistance of soil were lower at both rainshield and green manure-applied plastic greenhouse cultures than those at clean plastic greenhouse culture. Especially, in plastic greenhouse, sod culture with natural weed after green manure application was more effective than general sod culture in improving physical properties of the rhizosphere. The contents of organic matter, available phosphate and exchangeable potassium tended to increase in the soils applied with green manure, and the difference of soil chemical properties were significant between rainshield and plastic greenhouse cultures. The optimum soil management was required in plastic greenhouse because pH, available phosphate and exchangeable cations reached over optimum range. Consequently, the ground cover management is the key factor to affect the chemical properties as well as soil physical properties extensively in plastic greenhouse. It is found that sod culture with natural weed after green manure application resulted in enhancement of utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium in soil in comparison with general sod culture.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.172-186
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• 2017

The effects of application of fuel-reduction treatment in wildfire management has not been tested in dry forests of Ghana. Therefore, the short-term ecological effects of prescribed burning and hand thinning treatments followed by experimental wildfire were investigated in degraded forests and Tectona grandis forest plantations in two forest reserves of different levels of dryness in Ghana. The results showed that more trees were killed in prescribed burning (average of 41% in degraded forest and 18% in plantations) than hand thinning (7.2% in degraded forests and 8% in plantation). More tree seedlings were also killed in prescribed burning (72%) than hand thinning (47%). The mortality of trees and seedlings were greater in Worobong South forest, a less dry forest reserve than the Afram Headwaters forest, a drier forest reserve. Fuel treatment especially prescribed burning compared to the control reduced wildfire effects on forest canopy particularly in the less dry forest and tree mortality especially in the drier forest. Prescribed burning temporarily increased pH, exchangeable potassium (52%) and available phosphorus (82%) in the surface soils of the entire plots. The two fuel treatment methods did not have much influence on basal area, organic matter and total nitrogen. Nevertheless, they were able to reduce the adverse wildfire effects on soil pH, exchangeable potassium, available phosphorus, organic matter and total nitrogen concentrations. Fuel treatments therefore have potential application in dry forest management in Ghana due to their ability to retain important forest ecological traits after a wildfire incidence.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2003

국내 3대 절화류중 하나인 장미의 시설재배지 토양 화학적 특성을 조사하기 위하여 전국 72개 절화 장미 시설 재배 농가를 대상으로 본 조사을 수행하였다. 조사지역의 평균 토성분포는 양토 43%, 미사질식양토 19%, 식양토 17%를 차지하였으며, 표토의 평균 양분함량은 pH 5.85, 전기 전도도 $3.61dS\;m^{-1}$, 유기물 함량 $37g\;kg^{-1}$, 질산태 질소 $205mg\;kg^{-1}$, 유효인산 $844mg\;kg^{-1}$, 그리고 교환성 칼륨 $1.41cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$이었다. 유효인산과 교환성 칼륨은 조사지역의 70% 이상이 적정 수준 이상이었으며, 토양양분함량 중 유기물 함량은 레드 산드라 품종의 절화장과 정의 상관관계를 보였으나 전기 전도도와는 부의 상관관계를 보였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.181-192
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• 2023

Appropriate fertilization methods are required according to species to supply necessary nutrients to plants and prevent soil environmental contamination in nurseries. In this study, the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on the growth of Liriodendron tulipifera and soil characteristics were investigated. After 16 fertilization treatments (4 levels of nitrogen × 4 levels of phosphorus) were applied to one-year-old L. tulipifera seedlings at the Yongmun Nursery Station of the Korea Forest Service, height, root collar diameter (RCD), biomass, leaf nutrients, and soil characteristics were investigated. The height increased as the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization increased, and the RCD was the highest in the ×2 treatment. Biomass growth was on average 40.0% higher for the treatment with high nitrogen fertilization compared to the low nitrogen treatment. The seedling quality index was the highest with nitrogen and phosphorus ×2 treatment. Leaf phosphorus and magnesium concentrations decreased when nitrogen fertilization was applied, and leaf potassium concentrations decreased as nitrogen fertilization increased. Soil pH and exchangeable potassium decreased as the amount of phosphorus application increased, and exchangeable magnesium decreased as the amount of nitrogen application increased and increased as the amount of phosphorus application increased. Considering the growth of L. tulipifera seedlings and changes in the soil characteristics at the nursery stage, twice the standard fertilization amount is the appropriate fertilization amount for nursery of the Yongmun Nursery Station. It is expected that this study will contribute to improving nursery soil fertilization management technology for healthy seedling production.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.158-166
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: Kiwifruit is a fruit tree with relatively small cultivation area in Korea and researches on its soil and physiology are very limited compared to those on cultivar development. Therefore, there are limited information for farmers to cope with the reduction in productivity due to various physiological disorders and premature aging. This study was conducted to investigate the soil and leaf chemical properties, and fruit characteristics, which will be used as basic data for stable kiwifruit orchard soil management. METHODS AND RESULTS: The soil and leaf chemical properties, and fruit characteristics were investigated for two years in 16 kiwifruit orchards growing 'Hayward' (Actinidia deliciosa) in Jeollanam-do and Gyeongsangnam-do. Soil and leaf samples were collected in July and fruit quality was investigated by harvesting fruits about 170 days after full bloom. The average soil chemical properties of kiwi orchards were generally higher than the recommended level, except for pH, and especially, the exchangeable potassium reached about 300% of the recommended level. The proportions of orchards that exceeded the recommended level of soil chemical properties were 63, 31, 100, 69, 94, 88 and 69% for pH, EC, organic content, available phosphate, and exchangeable potassium, calcium and magnesium, respectively. Thirty-three percent of orchards had more than 100 mg/kg of nitrate nitrogen in soil. Available phosphate in soil showed a significantly positive correlation with leaf nitrogen, phosphoric acid and calcium content, but showed a significantly negative correlation with leaf potassium content. The magnesium content in the leaves was significantly correlated with soil pH. The highest fruit weight was observed in about 25 g/kg of leaf nitrogen content which could be attained when plants were grown on the soil containing about 100 mg/kg of nitrate nitrogen content. The average soluble solids content among 16 orchards was 9.58 °Brix at harvest and 13.9 °Brix after ripening, which increased about 45%, and the average fruit weight was about 110 g. CONCLUSION(S): For fruit quality, fruit soluble solids (sugar compounds) content was significantly correlated with leaf potassium content, fruit hardiness with leaf total nitrate, calcium and magnesium, and fruit titratable acidity with leaf magnesium; however, leaf calcium and magnesium negatively affect the soluble solids contents in fruits.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.67-73
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• 1979

배추 재배(栽培) 토양에의 석회시용(石灰施用)이 가리평형(加里平衡) activity ratio와 가리(加里) 흡수(吸收)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 요약(要約)해 보면 다음과 같다. 1. 토양의 가리(加里) 평형(平衡) activity ratio는 소석회(消石灰)를 10a 당 160kg를 시용(施用)했을 때 그 값은 상승(上昇)한다. 일반적(一般的)으로 석회시용(石灰施用)과 가리(加里) 비료(肥料) 시용(施用)은 $AR^k_e$를 상승(上昇)시키는데 복합적(複合的)인 효과가 있음을 확인(確認)했다. 2. 치환성(置換性) K와 전기 전도도(電導度)는 석회시용(石灰施用)에 의(依)해서 증가된다. 석회(石灰) 시용(施用) 토양의 치환성(置換性) K 평균치(平均値)는 0.71m.e./100g(건토(乾土))이고 대조 토양(土壤)의 평균치(平均値)는 0.64m.e./100g(건토(乾土))이다. 전기 전도도(傳導度)는 석회(石灰) 시용(施用) 토양에서 $766{\mu}mho$이고 대조 토양은 $750{\mu}mho$이다. 3. 석회시용(石灰施用)에 의(依)해서 $AR^k_e$가 상승(上昇)하는 이유(理由)는 토양의 고액상(固液相) 간(間) 가리(加里) 평형계(平衡系)에 있어서 K, Ca, Mg을 고상(固相)으로 부터 액상(液相)으로 방출(放出)시키기 때문에 평형액(平衡液)의 $K^+$와 $Ca^{2+}+Mg^{2+}$ 농도(濃度)가 높아진데 기인(起因)된다고 본다. 4. K의 Ca에 의(依)한 치환(置換) 방출(放出)에 소요(所要)되는 exchange energy는 석회(石灰)를 시용(施用)한 토양에서 무가리구는 -3887, 200 kg $K_2O/ha$ 구는 -3778, 350 kg $K_2O/ha$ 구에서는 -3737 calories/chemical equivalent이고 대조구 토양은 가리(加里) 수준(水準)에 따라서 각각 -3983, -4392, -4228 calorie이다. 5. 식물체(植物體)의 K 흡수량(吸收量), 건물중(乾物重)은 석회(石灰)를 시용(施用)한 토양에서 생육(生育)한 시료(試料)가 대조구보다 많은 경향(傾向)이다.