• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.331-339
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• 2015

소아치과에서 협조가 되지 않는 어린이의 치과치료 시 사용하는 진정법은 환자안전을 최우선으로 고려하여야 하며, 의료사고예방을 위한 evidence-based 진료가 필요하다. 근거중심의학의 부상에 따라 치의학계에도 근거중심치의학(Evidence-Based Dentistry)에 대한 관심이 점차 증가하고 있으나 한국의 진정법에 대한 근거중심의 체계적인 연구는 거의 이루어지지 않고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 체계적인 문헌고찰법을 이용하여 지금까지 국내에 보고된 소아치과진정(요)법을 검토하고, 향후 국내의 근거중심 소아치과 진정법의 발전 방향을 모색하는 것이다. 본 연구는 "한국보건의료연구원의 체계적인 문헌고찰 지침"을 참고하여 국내 5개 데이터베이스 1) Core 검색 데이터베이스- KM base, KISS 2) 학술정보 및 포털 -국회도서관, DBpia, RISS를 검색하였다. "치과진정법" 및 "치과진정요법"으로 검색어를 제안한 총 470편의 논문 중 문헌선택과정의 흐름도를 따라 중복제거 하고 남은 31개의 논문 중 원문이 제공되는 문헌을 모두 취합한 총 20개 문헌을 분석대상으로 삼았다. 이번 체계적 문헌고찰은 한국 소아치과 영역에서 지난 25년간 시행된 치과진정법에 관한 일관된 근거(evidence)를 확인하기 위하여 GRADE 과정에 정의된 객관적인 기준에 기초하여 진행된 결과, 전체적인 근거는 보통(moderate)의 질로 평가되었다. 그러나, 특히 약물의 추가 투여 부분에 대해서는 매우 낮은(very low)의 질로 평가되었다. 그러므로 향후 안전한 약물의 사용 부분에 대해 보다 체계적으로 잘 고안된 임상 실험이 필요하다.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.13-26
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• 2007

Background: Neurofeedback is an electroencephalographic biofeedback technique for training individuals to alter their brain activity via operant conditioning. Also neurofeedback is a form of behavioural training aimed at developing skills for brain activity. Within the past decade, several neurofeedback studies have been published that tend to overcome the methodological shortcomings of earlier studies. This research describes the methodical basis of neurofeedback and reviews the evidence base for its clinical efficacy and effectiveness in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: In neurofeedback training, self-regulation of specific aspects of electrical brain activity is acquired by means of immediate feedback and positive reinforcement. In frequency training, activity in different EEG frequency bands has to be decreased or increased. Slow cortical potentials (SCPs) training is focused on the regulation of cortical excitability. Results: Neurofeedback studies revealed training-specific effects on, for example, attention and memory processes and performance improvements in real-life conditions, in healthy subjects as well as in patients. In several studies it was shown that ADHD symptomatology was reduced after frequency training or SCP(Slow cortical potentials) training. Moreover a decrease of impulsivity errors and an increase of the contingent negative variation. Conclusions: This research provides evidence for both positive behavioural and specific neurophysiological effects of neurofeedback training. Also there is growing evidence for neurofeedback as a valuable module in neuropsychiatric disorders. Further, controlled studies are warranted.

• Hip & pelvis
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.228-232
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• 2023

Purpose: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) has an enormous physiological and psychological burden on patients. Surgeons rightly wish to minimise this risk. It has been shown that a standardised, evidence-based approach to perioperative care leads to better patient outcomes. A review of current practice was conducted using a cross-sectional survey among surgeons at multiple centers nationwide. Materials and Methods: An 11-question electronic survey was circulated to hip and knee arthroplasty consultants nationally via the BOA (British Orthopaedic Association) e-newsletter. Results: The respondents included 56 consultants working across 19 different trusts. Thirty-four (60.7%) screen patients for asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) preoperatively, with 19 (55.9%) would treating with antibiotics. Fifty-six (100%) screen for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and treat if positive. Only 15 (26.8%) screen for methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) or empirically eradicate. Zero (0%) routinely catheterize patients perioperatively. Forty-one (73.2%) would give intramuscular or intravenous gentamicin for a perioperative catheterisation. All surgeons use laminar flow theatres. Twenty-six (46.4%) use only an impervious gown, 6 (10.7%) exhaust pipes, and 24 (42.3%) surgical helmet system. Five different antimicrobial prophylaxis regimens are used 9 (16.1%) cefuroxime, 2 (3.6%) flucloxacillin, 19 (33.9%) flucloxacillin and gentamicin, 10 (17.9%) teicoplanin, 16 (28.6%) teicoplanin and gentamicin. Twenty-two (39.3%) routinely give further doses. Conclusion: ASB screening, treatment and intramuscular gentamicin for perioperative catheterisation is routinely practiced despite no supporting evidence base. MSSA screening and treatment is underutilised. Multiple antibiotic regimens exist despite little variation in organisms in PJI. Practice varies between surgeons and centers, we should all be practicing evidence-based medicine.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.214-221
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• 2012

최근 일부 연구자에 의해 근막의 자율신경지배가 보고되고 있다. 그러나 근막이완술의 효과에 대한 신경 생리학적 설명과 근거는 없는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구의 목적은 근막이완술에 의해 자율신경계의 흥분이 변화될 수 있는지의 여부를 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 건강한 20대 피검자 30명을 15명씩 무작위로 근막이완술군(MG)과 위약대조군(PCG)로 배치하였다. 근막이완술군으로 배정된 피검자들에게는 치료대에 바로 누운 자세에서 두개 기저부 이완기법(cranial base release)을 5분간 적용하였고 위약대조군으로 배정된 피검자들은 같은 자세와 절차를 거치지만 실제 근막이완술을 적용하지 않는 위약 치료를 적용하였다. 근육의 유연성은 경부의 관절가동범위로 측정하였으며 자율신경계의 변화는 심박수, 혈압 그리고 에피네프린과 노르에피네프린의 수치로 측정하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 근막이완술군에서 신전과 측방굴곡의 가동범위 변화율이 유의하게 증가하였다. 2. 심박수와 혈압, 그리고 에피네프린의 변화율은 두 군간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3. 노르에피네프린의 변화율은 두 군간 유의한 차이가 있었다. 본 연구의 결과 근막이완술이 자율신경계의 흥분을 변화 시킬 수 있다는 근거는 없었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2017

Implementation of crop improvement programs relies on genetic diversity. To overcome the limited occurrence of natural mutations, researchers and breeders applied diverse methods, ranging from conventional crossing to classical bio-technologies. Earlier generations of knockout and gain-of-function technologies often result in incomplete gene disruption or random insertions of transgenes into plant genomes. The newly developed editing tool, CRISPR/Cas9 system, not only provides a powerful platform to efficiently modify target traits, but also broadens the scope and prospects of genome editing. Customized Cas9/guide RNA (gRNA) systems suitable for efficient genomic modification of mammalian cells or plants have been reported. Following successful demonstration of this technology in mammalian cells, CRISPR/Cas9 was successfully adapted in plants, and accumulating evidence of its feasibility has been reported in model plants and major crops. Recently, a modified version of CRISPR/Cas9 with added novel functions has been developed that enables programmable direct irreversible conversion of a target DNA base. In this review, we summarized the milestone applications of CRISPR/Cas9 in plants with a focus on major crops. We also present the implications of an improved version of this technology in the current plant breeding programs.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.309-314
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• 2007

A 7-year-old, intact female Korean Jindo dog was referred due to ataxia and pain on palpation of the thorax. Radiograph, echocardiography and computed tomogram revealed a mass on the heart base region and osteolytic change of fifth thoracic (T5) vertebra. At necropsy, a firm, encapsulated and round mass was seen arising from the heart base region surrounding the ascending aorta and pulmonary artery. Histopathologically, nests of cuboidal and polyhedral cells having abundantly granular and eosinophilic cytoplasm with round to oval nucleus were separated by fibrous septa. Immunohistochemistry using chromogranin A revealed that tumor cells were originated from neuroendocrine organ and metastasized into some organs including lung, spleen, liver, kidney and T5 vertebra. By electron microscopy, we found the electron-dense and membrane-bound granules in cytoplasm of the tumor cells. This study provides the uncommon evidence that aortic body tumor metastasized to both multiple organs and bone.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.450-455
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• 2008

A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) is a small genetic change or variation that can occur within a DNA sequence. It's the difference of one base at specific base pair position. SNP variation occurs when a single nucleotide, such as an A, replaces one of the other three nucleotide letters-C, G, or T. On average, SNP occur in the human population more than 1 percent of the time. They occur once in every 300 nucleotides on average, which means there are roughly 10 million SNPs in the human genome. Because SNPs occur frequently throughout the genome and tend to be relatively stable genetically, they serve as excellent biological markers. They can help scientists locate genes that are associated with disease such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes. They can also be used to track the inheritance of disease genes within families. SNPs may also be associated with absorbance and clearance of therapeutic agents. In the future, the most appropriate drug for an individual could be determined in advance of treatment by analyzing a patient's SNP profile. This pharmacogenetic strategy heralds an era in which the choice of drugs for a particular patient will be based on evidence rather than trial and error (so called "personalized medicine").

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2003

The mutational spectra in the manganese (II) peroxidase gene (mnp) of the Pleurotus ostreatus mutants induced by gamma radiation (Co$\^$60/) give evidence to prove the effect of gamma radiation on the gene. mnp of each mutant was cloned, sequenced and analyzed. Among the 1941 base pairs of the sequenced region of the mnP genes of 4 mutants (PO-5,-6,-15 and -16), nine mutational hotspots on which the same base was mutated simultaneously were found, additionally 6 mutations were also found at different positions in the mnp gene. These mutation-spectra were predominantly A:T\longrightarrowG:C transitions (50.1%). By the analysis of putative amino acid sequences, PO-5 and PO-16 mutants have 3 and 1 mutated residues, respectively. Since the mutational spectra reported herein are specific to the mnp gene, we propose that the mutational hotspots for the gamma radiation could be in the gene(5) within cells.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.26-29
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• 2018

A 6-month-old, female poodle presented with a three-month history of persistent regurgitation immediately after eating. On physical examination, the patient was emaciated and dehydrated. Thoracic radiography showed ventral displacement of the trachea and increased radiopacity in the mediastinum, cranial to the heart base. A severely dilated esophagus was identified cranial to the heart on esophagram. Computed tomography (CT) revealed the esophagus was filled with gas, fluid and a little of contrast and dilated from caudo-cervical to cranio-thoracic part. The esophageal diameter was markedly decreased at the heart base. In addition, the trachea was displaced to the left-ventral side of the right aortic trunk and an aberrant left subclavian artery originating from the aorta was identified. There was no evidence of abdominal vascular anomaly. Based on diagnostic imaging, persistent right aortic arch (PRAA) with an aberrant left subclavian artery was diagnosed. The patient did not undergo surgery and died at 15 days after diagnosis. This report describes imaging diagnosis, including CT and radiography in a weaned dog with regurgitation due to esophageal obstruction by PRAA. When PRAA is suspected and conventional radiography or contrast study is insufficient for diagnosis, CT may be helpful for diagnosing PRAA.

• 대한감각통합치료학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.48-59
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• 2022

목적 : 본 연구는 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동을 대상으로 국내에서 제공되는 감각통합중재 방법을 체계적으로 고찰하여 중재효과를 제시하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 연구대상은 2011년 1월부터 2020년 12월까지 최근 10년간 국내 학회지에 게재된 연구로 하였다. 검색에 사용된 데이터베이스는 학술연구정보서비스(RISS)와 디비피아(DBpia)이었다. 검색어는 '자폐', '자폐스펙트럼', '감각통합', '중재'이었다. 분석에 사용된 연구는 총 10개로, 연구 근거의 질적수준과 방법론적 질적수준으로 분석하였고, 결과는 대상자, 중재, 대조, 결과의 PICO(Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome)로 제시하였다. 결과 : 연구분석에서 근거의 질적 수준은 수준 IV가 가장 높았고, 다음으로 수준 II 이었다. 근거의 방법론적 질적 수준은 '우수'의 연구가 가장 많았고, 다음으로는 '보통'이었다. 연구대상자는 자폐스펙트럼장애아동과 부모이었고, 실험설계는 단일대상연구 빈도가 가장 높았다. 중재는 적응행동과 감각조절을 확인하는 연구가 가장 많았고, 중재측정을 위해 사용된 평가도구는 감각프로파일(Sensory Profile)과 캐나다작업수행측정(Canadian Occupational Performance Measure; COPM)의 빈도가 가장 높았다. 분석에 사용된 10개의 모든 연구에서 감각통합중재로 인해 다양한 결과 값에 긍정적인 향상 및 통계학적으로 유의한 효과를 보였다. 결론 : 최근의 임상환경에서 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동을 대상으로 감각통합중재는 지속적으로 이루어져왔다. 앞으로의 연구에서는 다양한 감각통합중재방법과 근거의 질적 수준이 높은 연구가 이루어지는 것이 필요하다.