• Title/Summary/Keyword: Evaluating Method

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Rigidity Evaluation under Uncertainties for Multiple Investment Alternatives over Multiple Periods

  • Kono, Hirokazu;Mizumachi, Tadahiro
    • Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.107-120
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    • 2010
  • In today's uncertain economic environment, the evaluation of safety for investment alternatives is of practical importance in manufacturing companies. This paper examines a method of quantitatively evaluating profitability and risk for multiple alternatives using the total-cost unit-cost domain. The paper assumes such factors as unit sales price, sales and production volume, unit variable cost, fixed cost, and yield for each alternative. The paper incorporates the relationship between production capacity and demand, distinguishing between cases of production capacity surplus and shortage for each year over the entire planning horizon. The paper investigates the case in which the values of each factor independently move in the direction of decreasing profit each year, and clarifies the procedure of comparing safety among multiple investment alternatives on a single consolidated total-cost unit-cost domain. The difficulty of the problem lies in the method of consolidating multiple total-cost unit-cost domains into a single domain since the combination of years of capacity surplus and shortage depends upon the change values in each factor under consideration. A systematic method of evaluating profitability as well as risk is presented, and the validity of the proposed method is verified using a numerical example.

A new in vitro method for evaluating the antimicrobial activity of toothpaste

  • Lim, Yun Kyong;Kook, Joong-Ki
    • International Journal of Oral Biology
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    • v.46 no.2
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    • pp.94-97
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study was to introduce a new in vitro method for evaluating the antimicrobial activity of toothpaste, reflecting the actual toothbrushing time and the dilution of toothpaste by salivation. We designed three experimental groups and one negative control group. The experimental groups were (1) 90 μL of toothpaste + 10 μL 1X phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, 9/10 dilution group), (2) 50 μL of toothpaste + 40 μL 1X PBS (1/2 dilution group), and (3) 25 μL of toothpaste + 65 μL 1X PBS (1/4 dilution group). During toothbrushing, saliva is continuously secreted into the oral cavity and the toothpaste concentration is diluted over time during toothbrushing. Therefore, the 1/2 and 1/4 dilution experimental groups were added. The negative control group was toothpaste diluted 20,000-fold with 1X PBS. Miracle Fresh Doctor toothpaste and Streptococcus mitis KCOM 1350, Prevotella intermedia KCOM 1107, Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. polymorphum KCOM 1322, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans KCOM 1306 were used as the toothpaste and target bacterial strains, respectively. The number of bacterial cells plated on agar plates in the negative control group was 1,000 CFU. If the number of colonies on the experimental group plate was less than one, the treatment was considered to have > 99.9% bactericidal activity. These results suggest that this new in vitro method for antimicrobial evaluation could be used as the standard method for testing the antimicrobial activity of toothpaste.

On desirable conditions for a random number used in the random sampling method

  • Harada, Hiroshi;Kashiwagi, Hiroshi;Takada, Tadashi
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 1990.10b
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    • pp.1295-1299
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    • 1990
  • A new method called random sampling method has been proposed for generation of binary random sequences. In this paper, a new concept, called merit factor Fn, is proposed for evaluating the randomness of the binary random sequences generated by the random sampling method. Using this merit factor Fn, some desirable conditions are investigated for uniform random numbers used in the random sampling method.

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Improved Lanczos Method for the Eigenvalue Analysis of Structures (구조물의 고유치 해석을 위한 개선된 Lanczos 방법)

  • 김병완;김운학;이인원
    • Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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    • 2002.04a
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    • pp.133-140
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    • 2002
  • This paper investigates the applicability of the modified Lanczos method using the power technique, which was developed in the field of quantum physics, to the eigenproblem in the field of engineering mechanics by introducing matrix-powered Lanczos recursion and numerically evaluating the suitable power value. The matrix-powered Lanczos method has better convergence and less operation count than the conventional Lanczos method. By analyzing four numerical examples, the effectiveness of the matrix-powered Lanczos method is verified and the appropriate matrix power is also recommended.

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Development and Assessment of Conductive Fabric Sensor for Evaluating Knee Movement using Bio-impedance Measurement Method (슬관절 운동 평가를 위한 생체 임피던스 측정용 전도성 섬유센서 개발 및 평가)

  • Lee, Byung-Woo;Lee, Chung-Keun;Cho, Ha-Kyung;Lee, Myoung-Ho
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.37-44
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    • 2011
  • This paper describes the development and assessment of conductive fabric sensor for evaluating knee movement using bio-impedance measurement method. The proposed strip-typed conductive fabric sensor is compared with a dot-typed Ag/AgCl electrode for evaluating validity under knee movement condition. Subjects are composed of ten males($26.6{\pm}2.591$) who have not had problems on their knee. The strip-typed conductive fabric sensor is analyzed by correlation and reliability between a dot-typed Ag/AgCl electrode and the strip-typed conductive fabric sensor. The difference of bio-impedance between a dot-typed Ag/AgCl electrode and the strip-typed conductive fabric sensor averages $7.067{\pm}13.987\;{\Omega}$ As the p-value is under 0.0001 in 99% of t-distribution, the strip-typed conductive fabric sensor is correlated with a dot-typed Ag/AgCl electrode by SPSS software. The strip-typed conductive fabric sensor has reliability when it is compared with a dot-typed Ag/AgCl electrode because most of bio-impedance values are in ${\pm}1.96$ standard deviation by Bland-Altman Analysis. As a result, the strip-typed conductive fabric sensor can be used for assessing knee movement through bio-impedance measurement method as a dot-typed Ag/AgCl electrode. Futhermore, the strip-typed conductive fabric sensor is available for wearable circumstances, applications and industries in the near future.

Evaluating Level of Information Provided According to User Satisfaction of VMS on the Continuous Traffic Flow (연속류 도로 VMS의 이용자를 고려한 정보제공수준 평가)

  • Sin, So-Yeong;Lee, Su-Beom;Im, Jun-Beom;Hong, Ji-Yeon
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.49-58
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    • 2011
  • As a part of the ITS, the traffic information system is more widely adopted to deliver traffic information to vehicle drivers via various types of media. As the ITS system establishment has been recognized as somewhat accomplished, the focus has shifted to the efficient operation and maintenance of the system. In this paper, we propose a method for evaluating a VMS traffic information service system from a user's perspective. In particular, relational expressions for the level of information provided and the level of user satisfaction are generated for the evaluation to take place from the user psychological satisfaction aspect of all other beneficial features of the system. As continuous flow facility is the one that has limited entry and exit, the traffic information of VMS plays a significant role for vehicle drivers to make their decisions. A method suggested in this paper could be used for evaluating an existing system as well as setting up the target service level of the system of a new system. If individual system properties are considered along with various VMS functions being as supplement of this research, more systematic evaluation method could be arranged.

A Study on Learning Evaluation Method by Using Fuzzy Theory (퍼지이론을 이용한 학습 평가 방법에 관한 연구)

  • 정창욱;남재현;김광백
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.7 no.5
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    • pp.853-862
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    • 2003
  • With the data base subject of first grade paper test of information handling technician, We proposed special method of evaluating learning ability directivity to judge that student can understand the contents of each chapter exactly or not, using assigned function and fuzzy deduction in this thesis. Using fuzzy logic, the proposed method of evaluating learning ability is dividing the presenting frequency of setting questions for examination about the subject of database into three rank and we can define this as the important. We applied the fuzzy assigned rate about the number of times of studying through the important of studying and the fuzzy assigned rate about formative evaluation to each of nine fuzzy deduction theories and than evaluated comprehension rate of learning. With the fuzzy grade about learning comprehension of each chapter and assigned rate about the score of generalized evaluation; We applied these two thing to the deduction rule of fuzzy and made it as defuzzifier and finally evaluated learning. We made that the result of eventual evaluating learning is very useful for learners to diagnosis learned contents by themselves and also it can be great material to judge that learners can get the goal of learning or not synthetically.

Test Method Using Shield-cup for Evaluating Response Characteristics of Fire Detectors (화재감지기의 응답특성 평가를 위한 Shield-cup이 적용된 시험방법)

  • Jang, Hyo-Yeon;Hwang, Cheol-Hong
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.36-44
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    • 2020
  • It is necessary to predict the activation time of fire detectors accurately to improve the reliability for evaluating the required safe egress time (RSET) in performance-based fire safety design. In this study, problems of the plunge test, which is widely applied in assessing fire detectors, were examined through experiments and numerical simulations. In addition, a new shield-cup test method was proposed to address these problems. A fire detector evaluator (FDE) developed in a previous study was applied to ensure measurement accuracy and reproducibility. During the plunge tests, a significant measurement error was observed in the activation time of the smoke detector because of the rapid flow change when the detector was input. However, during the shield-cup tests, slight changes occurred in the flow inside the FDE when the detector as exposed to smoke. In conclusion, the proposed shield-cup test method is expected to be useful for evaluating the response characteristics of fire detectors more accurately in simulated fire environments.

In vivo Pathogenicity Test of Oak Wilt Fungus (Raffaelea quercus-mongolicae) on Oriental Chestnut Oak (Quercus acutissima)

  • Yi, Su Hee;Lee, Jin Heung;Seo, Sang Tae;Lee, Jong Kyu
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.342-347
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    • 2017
  • Since the first report of the oak wilt disease at 2004 in Korea, the disease distributed over Korean peninsula and are still giving severe damages. The management of oak wilt disease in Korea has mainly focused on the control of insect vector, Platypus koryoensis. Neverthless the effective method for evaluating the pathogenicity of the pathogen, Raffaelea quercus-mongolicae (Rqm), and for screening chemical or biological agents with strong inhibitory activity against the pathogen, is absolutely necessary, an reliable method is not available so far. This study was conducted to develop the effective method for evaluating the pathogenicity of Rqm in oak trees. The culture suspensions of Rqm were artificially injected to the saplings of Quercus acutissima by using ChemJet tree injector. Three months after treatments, the treated saplings were cut and dipped into 1% fuchsin acid solution. There were significant differences in non-conductive area (%), discoloration area (%) and vertical discoloration length between the pathogen-injected and distilled water-injected control treatments. These results indicated that the pathogen is the causal agent for the dysfunction of water conductive tissue, which will finally result in wilt symptom. Re-isolation of the pathogen and PCR detection using specific primers for the pathogen also confirmed the presence of Rqm in the sapwood chips of the pathogen-injected saplings. These observations would be greatly applied to other related researches for evaluating the pathogenicity of tree wilt pathogens and biocontrol efficacy of the selected antagonistic microorganisms, in case that the wilt symptom is not easily shown by artificial inoculation of the causal agent.

A Study on Quenching Speed Prediction Method of Specimen for Evaluating the Oxide Layer of Uncoated Boron Steel Sheet (비도금 보론강판 산화층 평가용 시편의 퀜칭속도 예측기법 연구)

  • Lee, J.H.;Song, J.H.;Bae, G.H.
    • Transactions of Materials Processing
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.17-22
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    • 2022
  • Hot stamping is widely used to manufacture structural parts to satisfy requirements of eco-friendly vehicles. Recently, hot forming technology using uncoated steel sheet is being studied to reduce cost and solve patent problems. In particular, research is focused on process technology capable of suppressing the generation of an oxide layer. To evaluate the oxide layer in the hot stamping process, Gleeble testing machine can be used to evaluate the oxide layer by controlling the temperature history and the atmosphere condition. At this time, since cooling by gas injection is impossible to protect the oxide layer on the surface of a specimen, research on a method for securing a quenching speed through natural cooling is required. This paper proposes a specimen shape design method to secure a target quenching speed through natural cooling when evaluating the oxide layer of an un-coated boron steel sheet by Gleeble test. For the evaluation of the oxide layer of the un-coated steel sheet through the Gleeble test, dog-bone and rectangular type specimens were used. In consideration of the hot stamping process, the temperature control conditions for the Gleeble test were set and the quenching speed according to the specimen shape design was measured. Finally, the quenching speed sensitivity according to shape parameter was analyzed through regression analysis. A quenching speed prediction equation was then constructed according to the shape of the specimen. The constructed quenching speed prediction equation can be used as a specimen design guideline to secure a target quenching speed when evaluating the oxide layer of an un-coated boron steel sheet by the Gleeble test.