• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.84-90
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• 2022

With the popularization of autonomous driving technology, safety has emerged as a more important criterion. However, there are no assessment protocol or methods for AES (Autonomous Emergency Steering). So, this study proposes AES assessment protocol and scenario corresponding to collision avoidance Car-to-Car scenario of Euro NCAP in order to prepare for obstacles that appear after the emergency steering of LV (Leading Vehicle) avoiding obstacles in front of. Autoware-based autonomous driving stack is developed to test and simulate scenario in CARLA. Using developed stack, it is confirmed that obstacle avoidance is successfully performed in CARLA, and the AES performance of VUT (Vehicle Under Test) is evaluated by applying the proposed assessment protocol and scenario.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.14-15
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• 2021

Even though the Al. form system, which was developed to replace the Euro-form, has been used as the slab lower formwork for almost all concrete structures based on the light weight and high conversion rate, the low-noise Drop method has been developed and used in order to overcome the limitations of the Al. Form system such as noise pollution and safety accidents caused by free fall during the demolding. However, as the low-noise drop method is still insufficient, Safety Full Drop Al. Form method is expected to be in the spotlight in the construction market based on its excellent advantages compared to the developed methods. In addition, we plan to conduct research to further contribute to securing the quality of the overall structure through continuous improvement and supplementation by introducing an automation system to the very construction method.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.27-34
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• 1994

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.9
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• pp.217-236
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• 2004

Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, als eine methodische Grundlage zur Erstellung des koreanisch-deutschen WordNets das Grundwissen $\"{u}ber$ das WordNet und einige bisherige Untersuchungen des WordNets darzulegen. Ais erster Schritt wurde einige grundlegende Punkte $f\"{u}r$ das WordNet im Rahmen des WordNets fur Englisch in Betracht gebracht. Dabei ging es um lexikalische Hierarchie, und um semantische Relationen zwischen den Synsets(Zusammensetzen der synonymen $W\"{o}rter$) wie Synonymy, Antonymy, Hyponymy, Mronymy, Troponomy und Entailment. $Anschlie{\ss}end$ wurden EuroNet und GermaNet in kurzer Form vorgestellt, die auf dem Princeton WordNet basierten. EuroNet ist eine multilinguale Datenbasis mit WordNets $f\"{u}r$ einige europaische Sprachen (hollandisch, italienisch, spanisch, deutsch, franzasisch, tschechisch und estnisch). Dieses auf das Deutsch bezogenen WordNet kann wichtige Hinweise $f\"{u}r$ die Erstellung des koreanisch-deutschen WordNets geben. In Korea wurden auch verschiedene Untersuchungen uber das WordNet $f\"{u}r$ Koreanisch unternommen. Darunter kann insbesondere KORTERM WordNet $f\"f{u}r$ Koreanisch als ein umfassendes System $erw\"{a}hnt$ werden, in dem Nomen, Verben, Adjektive und Adverbien miteinander interagieren. KORTERM WordNet fur Koreanisch ist eine multilinguale Datenbasis mit WordNets $f\"{u}r$ einige asiatische Sprachen (koreanisch, japanisch und chinesisch) und versucht noch die weiteren Sprachen in diese multilinguale Datenbasis hineinzubringen. Nach diesem WordNet wird das koreanisch-deutsche WordNet erstellt.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.68-78
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• 2017

Major countries have tighten their NOx regulation of diesel passenger cars. In the case of the EU, the regulation has been toughen up to 6.25 times since 2000. Despite the regulation the NOx concentration of the ambient has not been reduced proportionally. Futhermore, some manufacturers were disclosed using a defeat device for meeting the regulation illegally. As these issues, to reduce NOx emission practically, Korea and the EU introduced the real-world driving emission(RDE) regulation and the test method that will be applied after 2017. Also, the US has used the test equipment(PEMS) to detect a defeat device. In this paper, for the regulation to make a soft landing in Korea, 4 diesel passenger cars which met Euro 6a~6b regulation and were equipped with LNT/SCR were tested at a chassis dynamometer with environmental chamber applying the off-cycles(FTP, US06, SC03, HWFET and CADC) and several ambient condition(-7 and $14^{\circ}C$) as well as certification mode(NEDC, WLTC@ $23^{\circ}C$). The result of the test showed that the ambient temp. and the engine load as a test mode impacted the NOx emission of the cars while the vehicles with SCR emitted NOx lower than with LNT. Additionally, to propose an effective RDE test method, the above result was compared with the results of the other papers which tested RDE using the same cars.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.633-639
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• 2007

This study proposes an optimal condition to recognize a train using RFID. In order to recognize a moving train, bandwidth, an angle of antenna and the location of a tag should be considered. In this study, a field test was conducted using two different bandwidths (900MHz and 2.45GHz), four angles of antenna(0, 30, 45, and $60^{\circ}$), different velocities (10, 30 and 50km), and three different locations of tags. The field test verified the optimal condition for recognition of a train, The present study convinced that location detection and tracking of rail freight can be monitored in real time. The present technology can be applied to railway signals including detecting and tracking such as EURO Balis.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.181-186
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• 2020

Civil technologies and parts occupy big ratio in military vehicle as military supply goods were commercialized. In case of the military vehicle engine, the civil purposed engine has been militarized without developing engine for defense industry. Because of this, it happens that Euro-5 version is mounted in spite of Euro-6 at present because the civil laws on the civil purpose engine and required operational capability for militarization are applied by overlapping. Therefore, this study focused on current situation and issues on the military vehicle emission regulation and suggested how to improve through analyzing the theses, articles, Korean laws and systems. For improving methods, imposing the emission certification duty and exempting the certification for the vehicle of high strategical importance were suggested through aligning the related laws. Consequently, it is expected that this study will be used for basics of checking the civil laws and connection with military systems for commercialization of military supplied goods.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.122-128
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• 2017

Currently, the proportion of diesel vehicles in all automobile has grown significantly over the past few years. Air pollutant also grew up and became a social problem. In particular, the issue of NOx emissions caused by NOx high emission in real driving has become a global issue. Despite the fact that the regulatory and reduction project of the new vehicle is actively carried out, there are no existence regulations of In-use diesel vehicle's NOx emission. Therefore, the emission characteristics of the in-use diesel vehicles were investigated to seek ways to reduce NOx emissions in this study. The test targets were used in 237 close inspection of exhaust gases and model year varied from 1996 to 2011. However, the classification of emissions by emission standards differed considerably from NOx emissions. This means that the selection method for early retirement targets should be converted from model year to amount of emissions. If the current early retirement program was applied to the existing system, pre-Euro 3 was 22.530 g/km and Euro 4 was 21.810 g/km to NOx reduction. However, when the vehicle was changed to high emission target vehicle, NOx reduction increase maximum 84.705 kg/yr. According to the study results, an effective reduction in NOx emissions can be achieved if an earlier target in expanded to Euro 4 vehicles.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.454-462
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• 2016

This study was conducted in order to estimate the exhaust emissions analysis method of the real driving emission(RDE). The Association for Emissions Control by Catalyst(AECC) has developed a test procedure by using a random cycle method based on the chassis dynamometer. In order to confirm this approach in Korea, Euro 5(DPF), Euro 6(DPF + LNT), and Euro 6(DPF + SCR) were performed on three different vehicles to determine the exhaust gas characteristics of the random cycle, real-road driving test(PEMS), and emission certification driving mode(NEDC). Six different random cycle driving modes were generated by the vehicle specifications(e.g. curb weight, engine power, gear ratio, and maximum acceleration). The NOx emissions were increased in the NEDC, random cycle, and PEMS order in this study regardless of the test vehicles. The random cycle method has the advantage because it utilizes a chassis dynamometer in the laboratories for a repeatable data collection, and it allows any eminent emission improvement checked prior to a real-road driving test with PEMS.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2020

NOx, PN and CO emissions from diesel trucks make up a significant portion of domestic air pollutant emissions. Therefore, test vehicles with various emission standards and driving modes were selected to evaluate the emission characteristics of regulated pollutants (NOx, PN, CO) in medium-duty trucks. As a result of test, all test vehicles were satisfied with Euro 5 or 6 regulation. NOx emissions of Euro 6 vehicles with after-treatment of LNT + DPF were lower than those of Euro 5 vehicles with DPF. In WLTC mode, all vehicles have high NOx emissions at section of extra high speeds, which are determined by increased fuel consumption and high combustion temperatures. CO and PN emissions from all vehicles were found to be low at section of low speeds. Also, The NO₂/NOx ratio was analyzed at 7-23% in each mode, and the NO₂/NOx ratio increased as the average vehicle speed increased. In NIER 9 mode, the CO, HC, and PN emissions were higher under cold conditions of engine than hot conditions of engine. In addition, vehicles with after-treatment system of LNT have similar NOx emissions level in this study.