• 한국의류학회지
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1197-1208
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of the accord between consumers benefit factors and attribute factors of brand image on brand attitude. This study was based on Kellers conceptualizing model of brand image. The subjects were 605 working women in their twenties living in Seoul, Korea. The data were analyzed by Euclidian distance model, ANOVA of repeated measures, regression, F-test by Extra Sum of Squares Principle. The results were as follows. 1. There were significant differences among the brands and among the segmented groups in the accord between benefit factors and attribute factors of brand image and in the brand preference. Moreover there were significant interactions between the brands and the segmented groups in the accord between benefit factors and attribute factors of brand image and in the brand preference. 2. There were significant effects of the accord between benefit factors and attribute factor of brand image on brand attitude. 3. There were significantly different effects of the accord between benefit factors and attribute factors of brand image on brand attitude among the segmented groups.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1997년도 동계 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.375-384
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• 1997

굴을 까는 작업은 굴의 껍질 에 붙어있는 근육질과 굴 껍질에 붙어있는 hinge를 절단하는 작업을 필요로 한다. 본 논문은 굴을 까는 자동화기계를 개발하기 위한 하나의 단계로서 굴의 hinge 의 위치를 판단하는 computer vision system 의 image processing software (영상처리)개발에 대하여 중점을 두었다. 본 실험에 사용한 굴들은 computer vision system이 굴의 바깥쪽 hinge 표면을 감지할 수 있도록 굴을 물로 씻은 후 굴 껍질의 hinge 부분을 약간 절단하였다. computer vision system은 color video camera를 이용하여 굴의 절단된 hinge표면의 영상을 잡은 후 image processing software를 이용하여 굴의 hinge 위치를 감지하였다. 본 논문에 사용한 computer vision software 는 일반 상용화된 software 와 굴의 hinge 위치를 알아내기 위해 저자가 연구 개발한 software 로 구성하였다. Image 내의 굴의 hinge와 그 밖의 다른 물질을 구별하기 위하여 본 논문의 software 는 4개의 변수 (circularity , Rectangularity, Aspect-ratio , Euclidian Distance)를 이용하였다. 또한 image 내의 굴의 hinge 위치를 쉽고 효과적으로 파악하기 위하여 몇 가지 영상처리, 즉, shrink-expand, thresholding 외의 다른 방법들을 이용하였다.

• 한국미생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물학회 2002년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.81-85
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• 2002

Oligotrophic bacteria isolated from forest soil showed a specific community consisting of various taxonomic groups compared with those in other soil or aquatic habitats. Based on the cell shape, the isolates were divided into four groups: regular rod, curved/spiral rod, irregular rod, and prosthecate bacteria. The cellular fatty acids 60 oligotrophic isolates were analyzed. At the dendrogram based on cellular fatty acid composition, four clusters(I-IV) were separated at a euclidian distance of about 50. Based on the 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the two representative strains(MH256 and MA828) of cluster 3 showed the close relation to genera, Xathomonas/Stenotrophomonas, but were not included in these genera. The isolates with Q-10 were also studied. They are corresponded to the two large groups in Proteobacteria alpha subdivision. One was incorporated in the genus Bradyrhizobium cluster, which also includes Agromonas, a genus for oligotrophic bacteria. The strains of the other group showed high similarity to the genus Agrobacterium. We attempted to screening of bioactive compounds from oligotrophs which was isolated from forest soil. The active compounds were analyzed by mass and NMR spectrum, one of them identified as crisamicin A. Another one designated as SAPH is a new compound. The results indicate that there were possibilities for finding new compounds from the rare microorganisms such as oligotrophs.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.258-268
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• 2004

We demonstrate rotationally invariant space-time (ST) trellis codes with a 4-D rectangular signal constellation for data transmission over fading channels using two transmit antennas. The rotational invariance is a good property to have that may alleviate the task of the carrier phase tracking circuit in the receiver. The transmitted data stream is segmented into eight bit blocks and quadrature amplitude modulated using a 256 point 4-D signal constellation whose 2-D constituent constellation is a 16 point square constellation doubly partitioned. The 4-D signal constellation is simply the Cartesian product of the 2-D signal constellation with it-self and has 32 subsets. The partition is performed on one side into four subsets A, B, C, and D with increased minimum-squared Euclidian distance, and on the other side into four rings, where each ring includes four points of equal energy. We propose both linear and nonlinear ST trellis codes and perform simulations using an appropriate multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel model. The 4-D ST codes constructed here demonstrate about the same frame error rate (FER) performance as their 2-D counterparts, having however the added value of rotational invariance.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제22권3_1spc호
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• pp.496-503
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• 2013

Recently, the death rate owing to breast cancers has been increasing, and the occurrence age for breast cancers is lowering every year. Mammography is known to be a reliable detection method for breast cancers and works by detecting texture changes, calcifications, and other potential symptoms. In this research on breast cancer detection, candidate objects were detected by using image processing on mammograms, and feature analysis was used to classify candidate objects as benign tumors and malignant tumors. To find candidate objects, image pre-processing and binarization using multiple thresholds, and the grouping of micro-calcifications were used. More than 50 shape features and intensity features were used in the classification. The performance of the detection algorithm by using Euclidian distance method for benign tumors was 93%, and the classification error rate was approximately 2%.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.125-140
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to analyze e-commerce sites of luxury fashion brands in order to provide insights on how to enhance online site quality. For the research, forty-eight components of thirty-one luxury fashion brands' e-commerce sites were investigated during October 2013. For the analysis of clustering e-commerce site components and segmenting e-commerce sites of luxury brands, a hierarchical cluster analysis was applied through using the Ward's method and squared Euclidian distance for binary data. Further, Fisher's exact test was applied in order to distinguish three groups of characteristics in the luxury e-commerce sites. These analyses were carried out by SPSS 21. The result indicated that the components of e-commerce sites were grouped into three categories: basic elements, additional elements and elements of building brand identity. These components were categorized by whether their functions were basic and essential or additional and advanced. The other norm of categorization was related to brand identity. Furthermore, the luxury brands' e-commerce sites were segmented into three groups: a group of endeavoring to promote goods, a group of undistinguished performance, and a group of endeavoring to intensify brand identity. In this segmentation, brand identity or promotional aspects were decisive. Overall, luxury brands were trying to convey their traditional strength through their e-commerce sites. In order to achieve this purpose, brand identity or promotional aspects played an important role.

• 약학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.627-633
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• 1998

Impurity profiling analysis of methamphetamine seized in Korea was investigated for the evidential and intelligent purpose. Samples were extracted with ethylacetate which contai ns internal standard of dioctylsebacate under basic condition and extracts were analyzed by GC-FID. Ephedrine, chloroephedrine & 1,2-dimethyl-3-phenylaziridine were identified impurities in illicit methamphetamine by GC-MS. These impurities revealed that most of abused methamphetamine in Korea were synthesized from ephedrine as a starting material. For the classification of samples. firstly, 24 impurity peaks were selected after inspection of every peak in 50 samples as the specific markers of impurities. Secondly, corresponding peak retention time and area ratio to the internal standard were calculated and database was created with values of 24 peaks by in-house program. Finally, cluster analysis was attempted with the resultant profiles using the STAR plot, which was based on the Euclidian distance for evaluating similarity among samples. A total of 76 samples were divided into 8 different groups within 90% statistical similarity and inter-batch samples showed similar impurity patterns by this procedure. In conclusion, the analysis of impurities is a suitable index for estimation the common or different origin of methamphetamine sample.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 자연 영상에서 피부색 색상과 채도를 기초로 얼굴영역을 추출하고 얼굴의 특징요소를 추출하는 방법을 제안하였다. 제안한 알고리즘은 조명보정과 얼굴 검출 과정으로 구성되었다. 조명 보정 과정에서는 조명변화에 대한 보정기능을 수행한다. 얼굴 검출 과정은 20개의 피부색 표본 영상에서 색상과 채도를 특징벡터로 사용, 입력영상과의 유클리디안 거리를 구하여 피부색 영역을 추출하였다. 추출된 얼굴 후보영역을 CMY칼라 모델에서 C요소로 눈을 검출하였고, YIQ 칼라 공간에서 Q요소로 입을 검출하였다. 추출된 얼굴 후보영역에서 일반적인 얼굴에 대한 지식을 기반으로 얼굴 영역을 검출하였다. 입력받은 10장의 자연 영상으로 실험한 결과 100%의 얼굴 검출율을 보였다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.818-825
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• 2002

얼굴의 깊이 정보는 얼굴 인식에서 가장 중요한 요소이다. 3차원 얼굴 영상은 깊이 정보를 잘 나타내므로 얼굴의 깊이 값을 비교하는데 아주 유용하다. 얼굴 전체에 대한 처리는 많은 계산량과 데이터 량을 포함해야 하는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 얼굴의 국부적인 영역들에 대한 3차원 깊이 값을 이용하여 인식하였다. 3D 레이저 스캐너로 입력된 3차원 얼굴 영상으로부터 어떤 깊이에 있는 등고선 영역을 추출한 후, 이를 영역별로 취하면 국부적인 얼굴 깊이에 대한 특징을 잘 반영하게 된다. 얼굴의 가장 중심인 코를 기준점으로 깊이 영역에 대한 등고선 영역을 추출하며, 얼굴의 깊이를 고려한 국부적 깊이 정보를 다중 특징 벡터를 이용하여 얼굴을 인식한다. 다중 특징 벡터는 벡터 수가 적으면서 얼굴의 지역적 깊이 특성을 잘 나타내므로 간단한 방법으로 높은 인식률을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2020

랜덤 심볼열을 기반으로 한 정보이론적 학습법 (ITL)은 특정 확률분포를 갖도록 랜덤하게 발생시킨 심볼열을 타겟 데이터로 활용하고, 입력 데이터 사이의 확률분포 거리 최소화를 비용함수로 하여 설계된다. 이 방식의 단점으로, 고정상수를 알고리듬 갱신의 스텝사이즈로 사용하므로 입력 전력의 통계적 추이를 활용할 수 없다. 정보포텐셜 출력(information potential output, IPO)와 연관된 기울기에서는 정보포텐셜 입력(information potential input, IPI)이, 정보포텐셜 오차(information potential error, IPE)와 관련된 기울기에서는 입력자체가 입력으로 작용함을 이 연구에서 밝혀내고, 입력의 전력 추이를 따로 계산하여 스텝사이즈 (step size)를 정규화하도록 제안하였다. 제안된 알고리듬은 충격성잡음과 다중경로 페이딩 환경의 통신시스템 실험에서 기존 방식보다 약 4dB 정도 더 낮은 정상상태 오차 전력, 약 2배 이상 빠른 수렴속도를 나타냈다.