• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 1979

Philippine산(産) 원조(原藻)인 Eucheuma cottonii의 carrageenan 함량(含量)과 이로부터 추출(抽出)한 carrageenan의 $SO_3$ 및 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose 함량(含量), KCl용액(溶液)에 대한 용해도(溶解度), KCl 농도별(濃度別)에 따라 분획(分劃)한 획분(劃分)의 함량(含量)에 대하여 조사(調査)하였으며 원과학적(原料學的)인 비교목적(比較目的)으로 우리나라산(産) 진두발(Chondrus ocellatus)의 carageenan함량(含量)과 그 화학적(化學的) 성상(性狀)을 비교(比較) 검토(檢討)하였다. 1. Carrageenan함량(含量)은 Eucheuma cottonii가 진두발보다 높은 값을 나타내어 건물당(乾物當) 약 59%의 함량(含量)을 보였다. 2. Carrageenan의 $SO_3$ 및 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose의 함량(含量)을 보면 Eucheuma cottonii가 진두발보다 $SO_3$함량(含量)은 적고 3, 6-anhydro-D-galactose의 함량(含量)이 많은 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다. 3. Carrageenan의 KCl용액(溶液)에 대한 용해도(溶解度)는 0.125M KCl농도(濃度)에서 침전(沈澱)하는 비율(比率) 및 0.125M과 2.0M KCI농도(濃度)사이에서 침전(沈澱)하는 비율(比率)은 Eucheuma cottonii가 진두발보다 높았으나 2.0M KCl농도(濃度)에서 용존(溶存)하는 비율(比率)은 진두발이 Eucheuma cottonii보다 높은 값을 나타내었다. 4. Carrageenan을 KCl용액(溶液)에 대한 용해도(溶解度)의 차이(差異)로부터 3획분(劃分)으로 분획(分劃)하였을 때 劃分(분획)I, II의 수율(收率)은 Eucheuma cottonii와 진두발이 큰 차이가 없었으나 획분(劃分)III의 수율(收率)은 Eucheuma cottonii가 월등히 많아 약 8배(倍)의 값을 나타내었다. 5. 각획분(各劃分)의 $SO_3$ 및 3, 6-anhydro-D-galactose의 함량(含量)은 서로 역상관관계(逆相關關係)를 나타내었고, KCl용액(溶液)에 대한 용해도(溶解度)가 큰 획분(劃分)일수록 $SO_3$함량(含量)이 높고 3, 6-anhydro-D-galactose의 함량(含量)이 낮은 값을 나타내었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.316-321
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• 2017

Hyperthermal acid hydrolysis pretreatment of Eucheuma denticulatum was carried out using 12% (w/v) seaweed slurry and 90 mM $H_3PO_4$ at $150^{\circ}C$ for 10 min. The use of Candida lusitaniae with adaptive evolution was evaluated for ethanol fermentation. The levels of ethanol production by separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) at 72 h with non-adapted and adapted C. lusitaniae were 10.1 g/l with ethanol yield ($Y_{EtOH}$) of 0.23, and 18.1 g/l with $Y_{EtOH}$ of 0.45, respectively. Adaptive evolution was employed in this study to improve the efficiency of ethanol fermentation. Development of the SHF process could enhance the overall ethanol fermentation yields of the red seaweed E. denticulatum.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.315-318
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• 2013

Ethanol fermentations were performed using separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) processes with monosaccharides from pretreated seaweed, Eucheuma spinosum as the biomass. The pretreatment was carried out with 11% (w/v) seaweed slurry and 150 mM $H_2SO_4$ at $121^{\circ}C$ for 40 min. Enzyme hydrolysis after $H_2SO_4$ pretreatment was performed with Celluclast 1.5 L at $45^{\circ}C$ for 24 h. Five % active charcoal were added to hydrolysate to removed 5-hydroxy methylfurfural. Ethanol fermentation with 11% (w/v) seaweed hydrolysate was performed for 72~96 h using Kluyvermyces marxianus, Pichia stipits, Saccharomyces cervisiae and Candida tropicalis. Ethanol concentration was reached to 18 g/L by K. marxianus, 16 g/L by P. stipitis, 15 g/L by S. cerevisiae and 10 g/L by C. tropicalis, respectively. The ethanol yield from total monosugar was obtained 0.50 and ethanol productivity was obtained 0.38 g/L/h by K. marxianus.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 홍조류 중 하나인 E. cottonii로부터 환원당을 생산하기 위하여 산 가수분해법을 수행하였다. 반응표면분석법을 이용한 반응조건의 최적화를 통하여 환원당 생성에 미치는 반응인자들의 상호작용을 조사한 결과, 낮은 반응온도, 낮은 촉매농도, 그리고 짧은 반응시간의 조건에서 많은 양의 환원당이 생성되었고, 반면에 가혹한 반응조건일수록 당의 과분해산물인 5-HMF와 레불린산의 생성이 증가하였다. 환원당 생성의 최적 반응조건은 $160.1^{\circ}C$, 1.0% 황산, 그리고 13.1분의 반응시간 조건에서 25.8 g/l의 환원당 생성을 예측하였다. 이러한 결과로부터 해조류로부터 바이오연료 및 화학원료로 전환가능한 당의 확보 가능성을 제시하였고, 이상과 같이 얻어진 정보들은 향후 화석 자원을 대체하기 위한 기본 정보로 활용될 수 있다는 점에서 의의가 있다고 하겠다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2020

홍조류인 Eucheuma spinosum은 카라기난을 주된 다당으로 함유하고 있으며 Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, China, Tanzania 등지에서 상업적으로 생산되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 E. spinosum을 대상으로 FeCl₃-촉매 수열반응을 통하여 당과화학중간체(5-HMF, levulinic acid, formic acid)로전환하고자하였다. 통계적실험법(3-수준-3-인자의 Box-Behnken design)을 적용하여 반응인자(반응온도, 촉매농도, 반응시간)의 최적화와 영향을 평가하였다. 최적화 결과, 5-HMF의 농도는 160 ℃, 0.4 M FeCl₃, 10 min에서 2.96 g/L가 생성되었다. Levulinic acid와 formic acid의 최적 조건은 200 ℃, 0.6 M FeCl₃, 30 min으로 결정되었고, 농도는 각각 4.26 g/L와 3.77 g/L이었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 인간 골육종암세포주인 Saos-2 세포를 이용하여 Eucheuma cottonii 추출물(Extract of Eucheuma cottonii, EE)의 항암 활성 및 분자적 작용기전을 분석하였다. 먼저 EE가 세포증식에 미치는 영향을 WST-1^® assay를 통해 확인한 결과 EE는 인간 위암세포 AGS, 인간 간암세포 SK-Hep 1, 인간 뇌교모세포종 U87MG, 인간 정상 신장세포 HEK-293의 생존율에는 영향을 미치지 않고 Saos-2 세포주의 생존율만을 농도의존적으로 감소시킴을 확인 하였다. 또한 처리 농도가 증가함에 따라 Saos-2 세포의 외형적 변화가 나타남을 도립현미경을 통해 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 DAPI staining을 통해 apoptosis classical hall marker라고 할 수 있는 DNA fragmentation이 EE 처리 농도 의존적으로 나타남을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이를 토대로 EE가 Saos-2 세포에서 세포 내의 어떠한 기작을 통해 apoptosis를 유도하는지 Western blot analysis를 통해 확인한 결과, Fas-Associated Death Domain(FADD)에 의한 caspase cascade signal pathway 발현이 증가하였고, apoptosis의 key protein 이라고 할 수 있는 cleaved caspase-3와 하위 인자인 cleaved PARP가 증가 함을 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 관련된 분자적 기전 분석을 위한 immunofluorescence staining과 Flow cytometry analysis를 추가로 수행한 결과, EE 처리시 caspase cascade signal pathway의 시발점인 FAS와 cleaved caspase-3의 발현증가가 실제 세포 내에서 일어남을 관찰 할 수 있었으며 apoptosis 유발군인 sub G1기가 증가 함을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과를 통해 EE는 인간 골육종암세포에서 FADD에 의한 caspase cascade signal pathway 발현증가가 유도되어 apoptosis를 유발시킨다는 것을 증명하였으며 새로운 골육종암 치료제로서의 개발 가능성과 기전연구를 위한 중요한 기초자료가 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• ALGAE
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2002

The red seaweed Eucheuma serra is a high yielding source of lectins. The plants were collected from a depth of 5-6 meters and cultured in the laboratory, field and deep seawater. A Daily Growht Rate (DGR) of 3.5% was observed at 18℃ with a low light of 30μmol photon $ m^{-2} · s^{_1}$ in the laboratory. When the plants were cultured in the field at different depths during winter onths of December and January, best growth was observed at 1 m depth and a DGR of 2.14±0.04% was recorded. The plants grown in the tank with a continuous supply of deep seawater showed a DGR of 8.2% The results indicate that E. serra can be cultivated in large scale both in deep seawater in the tank and in the field for the extraction of lectins at a commercial scale.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.6-10
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• 2010

Indonesia is well-known as biggest producer of seaweed especially for Eucheuma and Gracilaria and also has huge potential resources and capability to develop seaweed cultivation and product. There are several provinces which have potential resources and have been contributing on seaweed production. The next challenge about seaweed production is using integrated system on brackishwater and marine aquaculture. Furthermore, about 2,000,000 ton of potential seaweed production is not explored yet. This article also tries to figure out some related aspects which are technical, economical and forecasting aspect. There is a disease which named "ice-ice" is one of the main problem and giving a new challenge in developing of problem solving for seaweed cultivation method. Economical parameters are also main important key to find out the feasibility of seaweed cultivation industry. In addition, the seaweed cultivation and production in Indonesia also have potential performance on biofuel resources as a part for solving the world problem on energy demand.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.856-862
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to optimize the slurry contents and salt concentrations for ethanol production from hydrolysates of the seaweed Eucheuma spinosum. A monosaccharide concentration of 44.2 g/l as 49.6% conversion of total carbohydrate of 89.1 g/l was obtained from 120 g dw/l seaweed slurry. Monosaccharides from E. spinosum slurry were obtained by thermal acid hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis. Addition of activated carbon at 2.5% (w/v) and the adsorption time of 2 min were used in subsequent adsorption treatments to prevent the inhibitory effect of HMF. The adsorption surface area of the activated carbon powder was 1,400-1,600 m²/g and showed selectivity to 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) from monosaccharides. Candida tropicalis KCTC 7212 was cultured in yeast extract, peptone, glucose, and high-salt medium, and exposed to 80, 90, 100, and 110 practical salinity unit (psu) salt concentrations in the lysates. The 100 psu salt concentration showed maximum cell growth and ethanol production. The ethanol fermentations with activated carbon treatment and use of C. tropicalis acclimated to a high salt concentration of 100 psu produced 17.9 g/l of ethanol with a yield (Y_EtOH) of 0.40 from E. spinosum seaweed.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2010

Species Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty, Kappaphycus striatum (Schmitz.) Doty and Eucheuma denticulatum (N. L. Burman) Collins et Harvey, which was brought to Vietnam from Japan in 1993 and Coco island, Martan Sea, Cebu, Philippines in 2005 have been cultivated in the different coasts of South Central Vietnam. Their growth rates and physical properties of carrageenan, then, were analyzed. The obtained results showed that the growth rate of E. denticulatum and K. striatum strains is higher than those of K. alvarezii. Species of K. striatum could grow over wide range of temperature and tolerate more strongly to high temperature compared with K. alvarezii, but their content and gel strength of kappa-carrageenan were almost the same and high. For purpose of the Kappahycus cultivation farms with stable and high production all year round (especially in the seawaters of shallow, semi-closed Lagoons where the water movement is not good and with high temperature in the hot season), mixed cropping of K. alvarezii and K. striatum as seeds stock during different cropping seasons was established. Our results suggested that K. alvarezii and K. striatum could be grown in the cool season (from Oct. to next March) with the same and high content and gel strength of kappa - carrageenan, but in the hot season need to chose K. striatum for cultivation only (from Apr. to Sept.).