• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.2 no.1 s.3
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• pp.135-156
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• 2002

The view of technology is largely divided into 2 theories: (1) the theory of autonomous technology that claims technology's own development logic and momentum, (2) the theory of social determinism that regards technology as reflection of political choices. Autonomous technologists read our society in the language of technology and social determinists read our technology in the language of society. This paper tries to analyze that conflicts between government and environmental group in nuclear policy, especially radioactive waste disposition policy reflect collisions between autonomous technologists and social determinists representing technology and politics, respectively. On the surface, such collisions are occurred in rational, ethical and economical aspects. It maintains, however, in depth, they are about solution means to problems from which technologies derived. Also, it suggests that one of the alternatives to avoid inevitable collision may be interaction approach based on intertwining technology with society. More understanding of political natures and control possibilities for technology is needed because interaction approach is founded on this understanding. Finally, to help forming the Korea's nuclear utilization policy from now on, it gives 2 case studies compared France with Germany where expanding and contracting nuclear utilization policy, respectively.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.64
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• pp.145-171
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• 2020

Christian communities have long sought to find what type of moral judgment is appropriate and what the Christian behavior is, by taking the church's ethical norms and behavior patterns as objects of reflection. In the same context, Christian education also tried to base the psychological rationalism of J. Piaget and L. Kohlberg, but the reason-centered structural development theory was not the answer. In fact, the structural development theory, which emphasized autonomy while excluding emotions from the moral judgment process, over-emphasizing cognition or reason, eventually led to moral relativism, unlike what was intended. In addition, it was criticized for not being able to adequately elucidate the gap between human moral reasoning and behavior, and for attempting to interpret morality excessively within the context of social culture. Recently, these limitations of structural developmental theory have been reinterpreted by neuroethics, especially moral psychology theories, which claim that moral judgment ability is physically wired in the brain and relies heavily on networks between cortical and limbic system. The purpose of this paper is to review some of the newly emerged research themes of neuroethics, and then to discuss two main theories that explain morality in the perspective of neuroethics and the implications that Christian education should pay attention to.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.169-177
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• 1999

Human being can be defined in several ways. These are biological, psychological, social and religious, ethical and philosophical aspects. The first two viewpoints refers to the intrapersonal aspects and the last two viewpoints deals with the interpersonal aspects. There have been numerous thoeries and hypotheses to explain the human behavior and psychopathology, but the author does not find any theory or hypothesis to integrate the biological and psychological viewpoints. In addition, The author does not find any theory to integrate the intrapersonal and interpersonal aspects in interpersonal relationships. Thus, the author proposed one model to explain the human behavior. In proposing this theory, the author has the following hypotheses：1) All human being can not exist by oneself. 2) The ultimate goal of all human being is to achieve 'Survival'. 3) There are four kinds of survivals and they are biological, psychological, social and religious, ethical and philosophical survivals. 4) Power and control are two prerequisites for survival and there are four kinds of power and control. 5) The four elements of power and control are biological, psychological, internal and external ones. 6) The conflict between buman being can also be explained in terms of power, control and survival. 7) Normality and abnormality of human behavior can be explained in terms of the harmony and balance among the powers and controls.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.553-561
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• 2003

Purpose: To develop a substantive theory that represents hospital nurses' experience on caring for dying patients. Method: Grounded theory method guided the data collection and analysis. A purposeful sample of 15 hospital nurses participated during the period of 2001-2002. The data were collected by semi-structured individual interviews. All interviews were audio taped and transcribed verbatim. Constant comparative analysis was employed to analyze the data. Result: 'Putting oneself into shape while being faithful to feelings and emotions' emerged as the basic social-psychological process. Three different phases were identified: being faithful to own feelings and behaviors; putting oneself into shape; and mourning death. The first phase includes the categories of 'establishing trust relationships' and 'sympathizing with dying patients and their family members.' The second phase consists of 'controlling feelings,' 'adjusting ethical conflicts,' and 'providing best patient-care,' and 'helping family accept the jeath.' And the third phase consists of 'overcoming sadness' and 'releasing other negative feelings.' Conclusion: The result of this study will help health professionals develop efficient support programs that support nurses caring for dying patients in hospitals. Further study needs to be done to verify findings.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.2 s.49
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• pp.83-94
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• 2005

20th century was the age of Modernism which was based on rational side of human mind. However, with the fall of Modernism, also came the fall of rationalism's dictatorship. Now, we see the pursuit and quest of irrational thinking as a new possibility of human expression which actually was already begun by Dada and Surrealism in early 20th century. It was facilitated by re-evaluation of Freud's psychoanalytic theory at the end of 20th century. This paper researches psychoanalytic approach applied to the analyses of unconscious human desires in art and design, especially its application to contemporary space design. These designs represent, without making any ethical evaluation, the fact that those unconscious desires are part of inborn human nature and the fact that 21st century is heading toward open society which embraces diverse values and possibilities. By analyzing irrational tendencies in contemporary space designs, this paper aims at proving the meaning and value for one of new directions in 21st century space design. First chapter is an introduction. Second chapter studies Freud's psychoanalytic theory. Third chapter examines the psychoanalytic methodologies with which unconscious desires are expressed in art and design. Fourth chapter classifies the types of subconscious desires expressed in contemporary space designs and analyzes their case studies. Fifth chapter is the conclusion.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.405-412
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• 2021

To prevent problems such as portrait rights, copyright, and cyber violence, an ethics education STEAM projects using deepfake apps using AI technology were developed and applied. The Deepfake apps were screened, and the contents of the elementary school curriculum were reconstructed. The STEAM project as creative experiential activities was mainly operated by the UCC activities, and applied the info-ethics awareness measurement test based on the planned behavior theory. The social STEAM project as money (financial) education was qualitatively analyzed. It was found that this STEAM classes using AI technology app significantly enhances the ethical awareness of information communication.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.32
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• pp.251-276
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• 2011

In old days when there were no developed producing devices like today, all the scholars insisted that we should economize products and that will lead to economic stability of a nation. But the in case of Mozi, he criticized the ruler's extravagance and wastefulness. He tried to prove the result and its' effect on national economy and people's usual life. He also tried to protect and improve people's fortunes and productivity through his theories. He is one of the first scholars who thought about the relationship between labor cost, price theory and product circulation. His theories are in the book of Mojing. He thought that material condition makes a great impact on the people's ethical life and social systems. He devoted his life to improve his theory- if the nobility do not waste and exploit; the national economy will be developed. In Mozi's Economical theory, we can find out his love for the people and desire for the people's welfare.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.27
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• pp.283-317
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• 2016

This research is an attempt to detail the multi-layered ethical characteristics of 'mutual beneficence', shown in the principle of 'guarding against self-deception' in Daesoon Thought while focusing on its major differences as well as the similarities with Kantian and Utilitarian ethical views. In these Western ethical perspectives, the concept of self-deception has received a considerable amount of attention, centering on the context of natural rights and contract theory. Meanwhile, in Daesoon Thought, 'guarding against self-deception' is presented as one of the principal objectives as well as the method or deontological ground for practice. It further encompasses the features of virtue ethics oriented toward the perfection of Dao. Here, the deontological aspect is interlinked with the concept of cultivation and the pursuit of ethics and morals. Hence this makes it a necessary condition for achieving the perfection of Dao, and likewise renders the practice of 'guarding against self-deception' more active through facilitating mutual relations based on the expansion model wherein human nature is characterized as possessing innate goodness. With regard to the tenet of 'resolution of grievances for mutual beneficence,' this concept is presented as a positive ground for practicing virtues toward others without forming grudges. Furthermore, as long as it reveals the great principle of humanity built on conscience, it will come to harmonize practitioners with others and spirits in an expression of beneficence. Moreover, originating in the Dao of Deities, guarding against self-deception is expressed as a form of life ethics and can be suggested as a new alternative for the model of virtue ethics proposed by Nussbaum. All in all, there is a natural causal relationship by which 'guarding against self-deception' in accord one's own conscience and the principle of humanity as a pursuit of perfect virtues in Dao result in the fulfillment of mutual beneficence. This readily akin to how gravity causes water to flow from high ground to low ground. Consequently, these relational features of mutual beneficence can serve an effective alternative to the Western ethical views which also address the need to overcome the egoistic mind which is liable to self-interest and alienation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.233-241
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• 2004

Purpose: The study was done to analyze the concept of accountability. Method: This study adopts a methode of Walker and Avant(1995) for analysis. Result: The defining attributes of accountability are obligation(competency, implementation) of justification, explanation, reporting and disclosure one's action to whom, acception of the evaluation and sanction against results of one's action. The antecedents of accountability are competency, knowledge, skills, values, duty, obligation, authority, empowerment, responsibility, autonomy. The consequences are public safety, improvement of professionalism & healthcare quality, partnership and stress & strain. Conclusions: It is required to develop the ethical concept and theory construction for accountability.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.6 s.59
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• pp.52-59
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• 2006

The study is intended to clarify the ideologies and principles applied to the formative expression of church architecture which is contained both the God and human. Iconography as the relation between described target and the meaning as meaning analysis especially emphasized since the religious reason in religious art. Iconography is the area of discussing rules and habits and involved in the pieces of transition from the piece of experience obtained by sensing to the one of the ethical structure. N. L. Prak who apply meaning theory of E. Panofsky who distinguish between iconography and iconology clear relation of mental foundation which characteristics of shape of art and its concretion in architecture categorized the shape of meaning in three steps. Among them, conscious symbol and unconscious symbol correspond to iconography and iconology of Panofsky respectively. The symbol is mainly showed in religious architecture and is not related to simple practical architecture. Such symbol system can be important discussion objects in modern church architecture and necessary expressional system for expressional characteristics.