• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.559-562
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• 1998

Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) was finally purified from ORSV-infected orchid plants by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose anion exchange column chromatography. The virus was reliably eluted by potassium chloride at the concentration from 0.1 M to 0.13 M. Partial purification was done by solubilization with Triton X-100 (allkylphenoxypolyethoxy ethanol) and precipitation with polyethylene glycol (PEG; MW 8,000). The finally purified ORSV represented one distinct homogeneous band and the molecular weight of its capsid protein was about 17,500 Dalton in electrophoretic analysis. Electron microscopy showed not only intact particles ranged from 280 nm to 340 nm in length, but also segmented particles that final 140 nm to 220 nm and even disks. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that final yield was 12 mg/100 g of the infected leaves. Bioassay demonstrated that the purified ORSV had the normal infectivity to orchid plants and Nicotiana glutionsa. Based on these data, anion exchange column chromatography could be efficiently applied to the purification of ORSV and other viruses similar to ORSV.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.139-143
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• 1986

The production media and enzymatic characteristics of laccase from Ganoderma lucidum was investigated. Potato dextrose yeast extract media was proved to be the best for laccase production. The enzyme has optimum pH of 6.45km value of 6.71 mM and appeared to be stable at wide pH range. The enzyme was inactivated partially by methanol and ethanol and totally by sodium azide but not at all by acetone. Also the enzyme purification was performed and the data is given.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1055-1059
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• 2007

Two monoterpene glucosides, paeoniflorin and albiflorin, in peony (Paeonia lactiflora) were purified from 70% ethanol extract of Paeoniae Radix by diethyl ether washing and n-butanol partition, acetone dissolution, and gradient preparative HPLC. After the whole course of purification, yield of paeoniflorin, albiflorin, and the sum of them were 75.0, 38.8, and 68.7%, respectively, together with the corresponding purity of 96.2, 93.8, and 96.0%.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.430-435
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• 2008

To maximize the obtained polysaccharides from Phellinus linteus mycelia, effects of extraction and purification conditions including dialysis time (8, 16, 24, 48 h) on an amount of the polysaccharides were investigated. As extraction temperature ($50{\sim}95^{\circ}C$), ratio of solvent volume to the dry weight of mycelia (10, 15, 20, 25 ml/g), extraction time(2, 4, 6, 8 h), final concentration of ethanol (70, 75, 80, 85%), and aging time (1, 4, 8, 16 h) increased, an amount of the polysaccharides was increased. An increase in precipitation time up to 24 h increased an amount of the polysaccharides but a further increase in precipitation time after 24 h did not changed largely an amount of the polysaccharides. Three precipitation solvents (ethanol, methanol, acetone) were tested. An amount of the polysaccharides was increased in order to acetone, ethanol, and methanol. On the optimal extraction condition, extraction temperature, ratio of water volume to the dry weight of mycelia, and extraction time were $95^{\circ}C$, 25 ml/g, and 8 h, respectively.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.34-37
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• 1999

Cymbidium mosaic virus (CyMV) was purified from CyMV infected orchid plant leaves by Sephacryl S-500 HR column chromatography. Partial purification was done by solubilization with Triton X-100 (alkylphenoxypolyethoxy ethanol) and precipitation with polyethylene glycol (PEG 6,000) followed by ultracentrifugation on 30% sucrose cushion. Based on the spectrophotometric analysis, 33 mg of CyMV could be obtained form 100 g of CyMV-infected orchid plant leaves. The purified CyMV represented one distinct homogeneous band by SDS-PAGE, and electron microscopy revealed that it was highly homogeneous and not fragmented. Bioassay demonstrated that the purified CyMV had a normal infectivity to Chenopodium amaranticolor and orchid plants. Based on these results, the purification method in this work could be served as an improved method for the purification of CyMV and similar viruses with good yield, high purity and native integrity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.1789-1791
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• 2008

This study was aimed (i) to develop an effective method for the purification of ginsenosides for industrial use and (ii) to compare the distribution of ginsenosides in cultured wild ginseng roots (adventitious root culture of Panax ginseng) with those of red ginseng (steamed ginseng) and white ginseng (air-dried ginseng). The crude extracts of cultured wild ginseng roots, red ginseng, and white ginseng were obtained by using a 75% ethanol extraction combined with ultrasonication. This was followed sequentially by AB-8 macroporous adsorption chromatography, Amberlite IRA 900 Cl anion-exchange chromatography, and Amberlite XAD16 adsorption chromatography for further purification. The contents of total ginsenosides were increased from 4.1%, 12.1%, and 11.3% in the crude extracts of cultured wild ginseng roots, red ginseng, and white ginseng to 79.4%, 71.7%, and 72.5% in the final products, respectively. HPLC analysis demonstrated that ginsenosides in cultured wild ginseng roots were distributed in a different ratio compared with red ginseng and white ginseng.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.105-110
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• 2008

The high-purity purification of 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene (2,6-DMN, 10.43 wt%) from the concentrate of DMN isomers recovered from light cycle oil (LCO) through distillation-extraction combination was examined by a crystallization operation. To select the most suitable crystallization solvent for purification of 2,6-DMN, several conventional solvents, which have been employed commercially as crystallization solvents for high-purity performance, were tested, through measurement of purity and yield of 2,6-DMN. The solvents used were acetone, cyclohexanone, ethanol, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate, isopropyl ether, methanol, n-hexane, n-heptane, pyridine, THF, toluene, and a mixture of methanol and acetone. The mixture of 60 vol% methanol and 40 vol% acetone (M/A = 1.5) was found to be suitable for purification of 2,6-DMN in the concentrate of DMN isomers based on purity and yield. Increasing the operation temperature and the volume ratio of solvent (M/A = 1.5) to feed (concentrate of DMN) resulted in improving the purity of 2,6-DMN, whereas the yield decreased. The crystal recovered by crystallization run using the concentrate of DMN isomers contained about 76 wt% 2,6-DMN. Furthermore, for recovery of high-purity 2,6-DMN, crystal containing 76 wt% 2,6-DMN was crystallized. As a result, crystal with 99.7 wt% 2,6-DMN was recovered with 40% yield.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 2003

Composition of isoflavone in cotyledon and hypocotyl of soybean were detected using HPLC. Optimum conditions for extracting isoflavone from hypocotyl were studied as well. Contents of isoflavone in soybean cotyledon and hypocotyl were 482.5 mg 100 $g^{-1}$ and 3453.3 mg 100 100 $g^{-1}$, respectively. Hypocotyl contained 7~8 times move isoflavone than corresponding cotyledon of the soybean. Malonyl glycoside accounted for move than 70% of the total isoflavone, followed by glycoside, acetyl glycoside, and aglycone. Aqueous ethanol of 60~80% was the most suitable solvent for extracting isoflavone from the hypocotyl. Optimum temperature and time was $90^{\circ}C$, 1hr. Acetic acid, NaCl, and NaOH added to 80% ethanol suppressed extraction yield of the phytochemieal.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.225.1-230
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• 1995

The ethanol extract from the root bark of Morus alba showed the strongest antimicrobial activity on the growth of almost all the tested microorganisms which were food-borne pathogens and food-related microorganisms. 1) In order to isolate and purify of antimicrobial substance extracted from the root bark of Morus alba, the antimicrobial substance from the ethanol extract which exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity was purified by solvent fractionation, silica gel column chromatography, TLC and HPLC. Among the fractions fractionated by 4 kind of solvents from the ethanol extract, the antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate fraction had the strongest antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis. Unknown compound were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction by silica gel column chromatography, TLC and HPLC and the compounds showed strong absorbance at 207, 217 and 285 nm, therefore, it was supposed to be a kinds of aromatic compound.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.65-69
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• 2009

In this study, we tried to find the subject to inhibit H. pylori from Cheongmoknosang mulberry leaves extracts and to purify and identify them. Total phenolic compounds of hot water and 80% ethanol extracts are 17.6 and 16.1 mg/g. The activity of H. pylori inhibition at 80% ethanol extracts was determined as 15mm clear zone. The purification of inhibitory compounds were carried on $C_{18}$ column and MCI-gel CHP-20 column chromatography which were used a gradient procedure as increasing ethanol in $H_2O$. The chemical structure of purified inhibitory compounds on H. pylori were identified chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and rosmarinic acid by FAB-MS, $^1H-NMR$, $^{13}C-NMR$ and IR spectrum.