• Title/Summary/Keyword: Estrogenic study

Search Result 159, Processing Time 0.028 seconds

Induction of In Vitro Vitellogenin Synthesis by Bisphenol, Nonylphenol and Octylphenol in Chinese Minnow(Phoxinus oxycephalus) Hepatocytes

  • Park, Chang-Beom;Kim, Byung-Ho;Na, Oh-Soo;Choi, Young-Chan;Lee, Young-Don;Baek, Hae-Ja;Kim, Hyung-Bae;Akihiro Takemura
    • Animal cells and systems
    • /
    • v.7 no.3
    • /
    • pp.227-235
    • /
    • 2003
  • Bisphenol A (BPA), nonylphenol (NP), and 4-tert-octylphenol (OP) are known endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with estrogenic activity in fish. This study compared the effects of BPA, NP and OP on in vitro vitellogenin (VTG) synthesis in primary cultures of hepatocytes of the Chinese minnow Phoxinus oxycephalus. The VTG secreted into the culture medium was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which we developed in this study using an antibody prepared from homogenates of Chinese minnow egg. VTG synthesis was induced by estradiol-17$\beta$ ($E_2$) and phenols (BPA, NP and OP) treatment. $E_2$ at concentrations of 10$^{-6}$ M or higher increased VTG levels significantly (P < 0.05). Exposure to 10^5\;M\;BPA\;or\;10^-4$M NP and OPinduced in vitro VTG synthesis (P < 0.01). However, $10^-3$ M BPA, NP or OP did not induce VTG synthesis. These results suggest that SPA has the highest estrogenic potential in Chinese minnow hepatocytes. Tamoxifen, an anti-estrogen, drastically blocked the production of VTG by phenols (BPA, NP and OP) suggesting that phenols (BPA, NP and OP) may act via binding to estrogen receptor (ER) in Chinese minnow hepatocytes.

Study on the Estrogenic Activity of Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Adipate in E-Screen Assay and Uterotrophic Assay (E-screen assay 및 자궁비대반응시험 (Uterotrophic assay)을 이용한 di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate의 에스트로겐성 작용에 관한 연구)

  • Han, Soon-Young;Kim, Hyung-Sik;Han, Sang-Kook;Lee, Rhee-Da;Yang, Kyu-Whan;Park, Kui-Lea
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.32 no.4
    • /
    • pp.964-969
    • /
    • 2000
  • Di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate(DEHA) has been used extensively as a plasticizer in the manufacture of plastic products such as PVC films. Though, phthalate esters plasticizers have been known to induce endocrine system-mediated responses, few studies have been conducted for the screening of estrogenic activity of DEHA, an adipate plasticizer. This study was initiated to evaluate the estrogenic activity of DEHA by in vitro E-screen assay and in vivo uterotrophic assay. MCF-7 human breast cancer cells were treated with $DEHA(5{\times}10^{-9}{\sim}5{\times}10^{-4}\;M)$, for 144 hr, and cell proliferation was determined by sulforhodamine B(SRB) assay. DEHA dissolved in corn oil was administered subcutaneously to ovariectomized(OVX) female Sprague-Dawley rats at dosage levels of 0, 2, 20 and 200 mg/kg/day for three consecutive days. Rats were sacrificed 24 hr after final treatment and vagina and uterus(wet and blotted) weights were obtained. E-screen assayed DEHA did not generate cell proliferation at treated concentrations$(5{\times}10^{-9}{\sim}5{\times}10^{-4}\;M)$, whereas 17 ${\beta}-estradiol$(E2), the positive control, induced cell proliferation at low concentrations$(5{\times}10^{-14}{\sim}5{\times}10^{-9}\;M)$. In the uterotrophic assay, DEHA did not change vagina and uterus(wet and blotted) weights at dosage levels up to 200 mg/kg/day treatment. These results demonstrated that DEHA did not exhibit the estrogenic activity as determined by in vitro E-screen assay and in vivo uterotrophic assay.

  • PDF

Toxicogenomic Analysis and Identification of Estrogen Responsive Genes of Di (n-ethylhexyl) Phthalate in MCF-7 Cells

  • Kim, Youn-Jung;Yun, Hye-Jung;Ryu, Jae-Chun
    • Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
    • /
    • v.1 no.3
    • /
    • pp.149-156
    • /
    • 2005
  • Di (n-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is thought to mimic estrogens in their action, and are called endocrine disrupting chemicals. DEHP is used in numerous consumer products, especially those made of flexible polyvinyl chloride and have been reported to be weakly estrogenic. In this study, DEHP were tested for estrogenic properties in vitro models and with microarray analysis. First, the E-screen assay was used to measure the proliferation of DEHP in MCF-7 cells, a human breast cancer cell line. DEHP induced an increase in MCF-7 cell proliferation at concentration of $10^{-4}M$. Second, we carried out a microarray analysis of MCF-7 cells treated with DEHP using human c-DNA microarray including 401 endocrine system related genes. Of the genes analyzed, 60 genes were identified showing significant changes in gene expression resulting from DEHP. Especially, 4 genes were repressed and 4 genes were induced by DEHP compared to $17{\beta}-estradiol$. Among these genes, trefoil factor 3 (intestinal), breast cancer 1, early onset and CYP1B1 are involved in estrogen metabolism and regulation. Therefore it suggests that these genes may be associated with estrogenic effect of the DEHP on transcriptional level. The rationale is that, as gene expression is a sensitive endpoint, alterations of these genes may act as useful biomarkers to define more precisely the nature and level of exposure to kinds of phthalates.

Effect of Estrogenic Xonibiotics on Boar Sperm Motility and Motion Kinematics (Estrogenic Xenobiotics가 돼지 정자의 운동성 및 운동역학에 미치는 영향)

  • Oh, Shin-Ae;Park, Yoo-Jin;Song, Won-Hee;Mohamed, El-Sayed A.;Pang, Myung-Geol
    • Reproductive and Developmental Biology
    • /
    • v.35 no.1
    • /
    • pp.47-54
    • /
    • 2011
  • Endocrine disruptors bind to hormone receptors on sperm membrane, therefore spermatozoa are potentially a useful model for examining estrogenic activities of endocrine disruptors. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of two xenoestrogenic compounds [genistein (Gen) and 4-tert-octylphenol (OP)] to those of two steroids [estrogen ($E_2$) and progesterone ($P_4$)] on boar sperm % motility and motion kinematics of in vitro. Porcine spermatozoa were incubated with various concentrations ($0.001{\sim}100\;{\mu}M$) of each chemical for 15 or 30 min, and then assessed % motility and sperm motion kinematics using computer assisted sperm analyzer (CASA). Each chemical decreased sperm % motility, and OP decreased VSL and VAP compared with untreated control(p<0.05). $E_2$ stimulated the motion kinematic changes except VCL. Moreover, Gen had effects on VCL and VAP alterations after 30 min incubation. In summary, since all chemicals studied effectively altered sperm % motility and motion kinematics, it was concluded that porcine spermatozoa could be a useful model for in vitro screening of potential endocrine disruptors.

Immatured Type Uterotrophic Assay for Estrogenicity Evaluation of DEHA (미성숙 랫드 자궁비대반응시험을 이용한 DEHA의 내분비계 장애작용 평가)

  • Park, Ki-Dae;Han, Beom-Seok;Jeong, Ja-Young;Oh, Jae-Ho;Cho, Wan-Seob;Cho, Min-Jeong;Choi, Mi-Na;Kim, Sung-Joon;Kim, Seung-Hee
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
    • /
    • v.33 no.5
    • /
    • pp.379-385
    • /
    • 2007
  • This study was aimed to investigate the estrogenic activity of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) using immatured type uterotrophic assay. SD rats were treated with DEHA (40, 200, 1000mg/kg/day), estradiol-3-benzoate (EB) $(1{\mu}g/kg/day)$ as positive control on the assay. In immatured-type uterotrophic assay, relative organ weights of kidney and reproductive organs such as ovary at high-dose group were significantly increased compared to those of vehicle control group. DEHA did not influence the levels of serum FSH and LH, and uterine morphological changes such as luminal epithelial height, myometrial thickness and numbers of uterine gland, and BrdU indices. In these results, there was no significant variation by DEHA treatment, suggesting that DEHA appears not to be a endocrine disrupter with estrogenic activity.

Activation of Estrogen Receptor by Bavachin from Psoralea corylifolia

  • Park, Joon-Woo;Kim, Do-Hee;Ahn, Hye-Na;Song, Yun-Seon;Lee, Young-Joo;Ryu, Jae-Ha
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
    • /
    • v.20 no.2
    • /
    • pp.183-188
    • /
    • 2012
  • In this study, we examined the estrogenic activity of bavachin, a component of Psoralea corylifolia that has been used as a traditional medicine in Asia. Bavachin was purified from ethanolic extract of Psoralea corylifolia and characterized its estrogenic activity by ligand binding, reporter gene activation, and endogenous estrogen receptor (ER) target gene regulation. Bavachin showed ER ligand binding activity in competitive displacement of [$^3H$] $E_2$ from recombinant ER. The estrogenic activity of bavachin was characterized in a transient transfection system using $ER{\alpha}$ or $ER{\beta}$ and estrogen-responsive luciferase plasmids in CV-1 cells with an $EC_{50}$ of 320 nM and 680 nM, respectively. Bavachin increased the mRNA levels of estrogen-responsive genes such as pS2 and PR, and decreased the protein level of $ER{\alpha}$ by proteasomal pathway. However, bavachin failed to activate the androgen receptor in CV-1 cells transiently transfected with the corresponding receptor and hormone responsive reporter plasmid. These data indicate that bavachin acts as a weak phytoestrogen by binding and activating the ER.

Estrogen Receptor Is Activated by Korean Red Ginseng In Vitro but Not In Vivo

  • Shim, Myeong-Kuk;Lee, Young-Joo
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
    • /
    • v.36 no.2
    • /
    • pp.169-175
    • /
    • 2012
  • Ginseng has been used as a traditional medicine for treatment of many diseases and for general health maintenance in people of all ages. Ginseng is also used to ameliorate menopausal systems. We investigated the estrogenic activity of Korean red ginseng (KRG) in a transient transfection system, using estrogen receptor (ER) and estrogen-responsive luciferase plasmids in MCF-7 cells. The extract activated both ER${\alpha}$ and ER${\beta}$. KRG modulated the mRNA levels of estrogen-responsive genes such as pS2 and ESR1 and decreased the protein level of ER${\alpha}$. In order to examine in vivo estrogenic activity of KRG, sixteen female Sprague-Dawley rats separated into four groups were studied for nine weeks: non-ovariectomized (OVX) rats treated with olive oil, OVX rats treated with olive oil, OVX rats treated with 17-${\beta}$-estradiol (E2) in olive oil, and OVX rats treated with KRG extract in olive oil. The experiments were repeated for three times and the data of twelve rats were combined. Body weight of OVX rats was greater than that of sham-operated control rats and was decreased by E2 treatment. Uterine weight increased after E2 treatment compared to OVX rats. However, no difference in body or uterine weight was observed with KRG intake. KRG induced reductions in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol/total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol/total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol, but not to the same degree as did E2 intake. These results show that KRG does contain estrogenic activity as manifested by in vitro study but the activity is not strong enough to elicit physiological responses.

Inhibitory Effect of Osteoclastogenesis and Estradiol Activity of Myelophycus simplex Extract (바위수염 추출물의 파골세포 분화 억제 및 에스트라디올 활성 평가)

  • Ha, Hyun Joo;Lim, Hyung Jin;Kim, Min Gyeong;Bak, Seon Gyeong;Rho, Mun-Chual;Cheong, Sun Hee;Lee, Seung-Jae;Lee, Sang-Hoon
    • Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
    • /
    • v.12 no.2
    • /
    • pp.75-80
    • /
    • 2020
  • In the present study, the estrogenic activity and anti-osteoclastogenic activity of the Myelophycus simplex extract were evaluated using T47D-Kbluc cells and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). As a result of the measurement of the estrogenic activity in the T47D-Kbluc cell line, the Myelophycus simplex extract showed increased estrogenic activity in a dose-dependent manner in association with its concentration. To confirm the regulatory effect of the Myelophycus simplex extract on the estrogen-responsive gene, the Myelophycus simplex extract showed a similar tendency to estradiol: the expression of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) was significantly decreased while the expression of estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) was increased. Furthermore, the Myelophycus simplex extract exhibited an inhibitory effect on osteoclast differentiation. In conclusion, these Myelophycus simplex extracts might be regarded as candidates for further studies or the development of functional food products or medicine to prevent or avoid postmenopausal symptoms for women.

Risk assessment for estrogenic effect of the suspected endocrine disrupting pesticides (내분비계 장애추정농약에 대한 에스트로겐성 영향검색 및 위해성 평가)

  • Lee, Je-Bong;Shin, Jin-Sup;Lee, Hee-Dong;Jeong, Mi-Hye;You, Are-Sun;Kang, Kyu-Young
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
    • /
    • v.8 no.2
    • /
    • pp.95-102
    • /
    • 2004
  • The present study was conducted to test and evaluate estrogenic effect of 17 pesticides including benomy1 and carbaryl, being suspected as endocrine disrupting chemicals. For estrogenic effect examination, luciferase assay were achieved with human ovarian cancer cell, BG1Luc4E2. Estrogenic effects of cypermethrin, dicofol, endosulfan, esfenvalerate, and fenvalerate were observed at the concentration of $10^{-5}$ M by estrogen receptor binding assay. Relative luciferase potency and relative luciferase effects compared with $10^{-10}$ M 17 $\beta$-estradiol were $10^{-5}$, 56% for dicofol, and $10^{-5}$, 72% for endosulfan, respectively. Estimated maximum daily intake for pesticides was calculated from maximum residue limit of agricultural commodity and food consumption was 1.2298 mg/person. Theoretically calculated blood estrogen level from dietary intake for pesticides based on MRL in Korea, 3.075 ng/L was equivalent to 15% of estrogen concentration in normal blood, but practical monitoring data, 0.01938 ng/L was equal to 0.09693% of estrogen concentration in normal blood.