• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.329-337
• /
• 1993

Improvement of orthognathic surgical techniques make it possible to design esthetic surgical correction for total esthetic face. In order to find the esthetic line which guide esthetic surgical correction in patients of orthognathic surgery, cephalometric soft tissue analysis of esthetic faces were performed. In esthetic Korean young adults, 25 males and 25 females who were within 1 S.D. of E-line, ANB, P/A facial height ratio, were analyzed in natural position keeping their face eye level. 1. Sn position is constant in males and females. The Sn-N'-N' Vertical plane angle is $5.3^{\circ}$ in both sexes. Sn is positioned in front of 5 mm in female 7 mm in male from the N' vertical plane. 2. The Sn-Ls line make constant angle to horizontal plane with $72.5^{\circ}$ in both sexes, which is called "upper esthetic line". The Ls-Pg' line makes constant angle to $72.4^{\circ}$ (range $72.2^{\circ}$ in female to $72.6^{\circ}$ in male), which is called "lower esthetic line". 3. When inter-esthetic line angle (the Sn-Ls line to Ls-Pg' line) has $144.9^{\circ}$, lower third face has esthetic upper and lower lip. 4. In treatment planning, Sn is first corrected in proper position, and then upper and lower esthetic line are established with the angle of 144.9. The maxilla is moved to tangent Ls to the upper esthetic line, and mandible is moved to tangent Li and Pg' to the lower esthetic line, according to the "y"-shaped esthetic lines, then lower third face showes esthetics.

• 대한심미치과학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.4-15
• /
• 2014

붕괴된 교합평면을 보철적으로 재구성하는 과정에 있어 face-bow와 교합기는 필수적으로 필요한 기구로 사용되어왔다. 일반적으로 Ear rod를 사용하는 face bow는 상악 정중선의 오차와 교합평면의 canting이 발생할 가능성이 있는데 이런 문제점을 해결하기위해 환자의 안면 정중선을 기준으로 하는 face bow가 개발되어왔다. Ear-bow를 이용한 mounting에서 종종 발생하는 오류를 보완하는 방법으로 환자 안면의 중심과 교합기의 중심을 일치시키려는 개념의 mounting technique이 시도되고 있으며 이를 esthetic mounting이라 한다. 이들 중 하나인OP finder 1(OP1)을 사용한 증례를 보고하고자 한다.

• 대한심미치과학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.10-18
• /
• 2000

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제28권5호
• /
• pp.372-382
• /
• 2002

As the most of dentofacial deformity patients indicated to orthognathic surgery have strong desire for esthetic improvement as well as functional improvement, ideal esthetic evaluation should be made at surgical prediction. Lateral cephalographs has been commonly used for surgical prediction, however, remarkable discrepancy between esthetic viewpoint by simple looking and analysis on lateral cephalographs often found on evaluation of sagittal position of the upper and lower jaws especially in cases of mandibular prognathism of Koreans. In these cases, we have been employed Esthetic NaP(ENaP)-line for corrective evaluation and ideal surgical prediction on lateral cephalographs, but the efficacy of ENaP-line has not been evaluated. This is a study on efficacy of ENaP-line for orthognathic surgery of Korean mandibular prognathism. 170 Korean patients who had been diagnosed as mandibular prognathism and planned for orthognathic surgery at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University during last 10 years are studied. The obtained results are as followings; among 170 patients of mandibular prognathism, 132 patients(77.6%) had not discrepancy in evaluation of sagittal position of the maxilla between cephalometric and esthetic evaluation(they are classified as Group I), however, 38 patients(22.4%) had definite discrepancy(they are classified as Group II). ENaP-line was employed in all cephalometric analysis of Group II. The proportions of male and female were similar in both Groups. Sixteen vertical reference lines perpendicular to 16 horizontal reference lines were obtained as followings; Each of the representative degree of ${\angle}SN/AFH$, ${\angle}SN/CFH$ and ${\angle}AFH/CFH$ obtained at Group I was applied to SN plane, AFH plane and CFH plane of Group II each other, and so 16 horizontal reference lines could be obtained individually according to each of the applied degree to each plane. And then their reliability to coincide with ENaP-line of Group II was evaluated. A vertical reference line perpendicular to a horizontal line made by application of the representative degree of ${\angle}$AFH/CFH in Group I to AFH line in Group II had the most highest coincidence with ENaP-line of Group II, however, its agreement was 42% in male and 47% in female. From this results, the rest of them should be determined their corrective jaw position definitely depend on

• 대한심미치과학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 2003

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.448-456
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study is to evaluate suitable anterior reference point similar to esthetic reference plane of the patient while transferring the suitable facebow. So those who live in Pusan with the normal occlusal relationship were chosen as subjects. The esthetic reference planes determined by the participants themselves and the superior reference line (anterior reference point) in Hanau & Denar articulator were compared with F-H plane in the standard lateral cephalogram. The results were as follows. 1. The angle between the esthetic reference plane and F-H plane was $2.81{\pm}5.7^{\circ}$. 2. The reference line, 43mm from Beyron point to the edge of the upper incisor, was the reference plane that had the closest paralleled relationship with the esthetic reference plane. 3. Transferring with ear piece type face-bow, the anterior reference point that showed the esthetic reference plane was 17mm below orbitale or 43mm above, the edge of the upper incisor.

• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제50권11호
• /
• pp.677-681
• /
• 2012

Orthognathic surgery(2-jaw or 1-jaw surgery) is very famous one of cosmetic techniques. However, primary purpose of orthognathic surgery is to improve the occlusion of jaw and secondary purpose is to improve the esthetic result. Unfortunately, many patients don't only confuse often primary and secondary purpose of orthognathic surgery but they think the esthetic result is more important than the occlusion. Therefore, oral and maxillofacial surgeon has to fully understand cosmetic needs of patient and reflect that in the treatment plan. Patients with prominent mandibular angle want to have the narrower face of so called 'V-line' shape. Various techniques like the angle shaving, ostectomy of the lateral cortex around the mandibular angle and masseter musclectomy can be used for improving the mandibular angle hypertrophy. These techniques also can be applied in orthognathic surgery at the same time. We operated patients of orthognathic surgery, especially, with wide lower face and post-operative results were satisfactory in all cases. So, we propose mandibular angle management for improving the esthetic result of orthognathic surgery.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제53권2호
• /
• pp.144-149
• /
• 2015

심미적인 수복물을 제작하기 위해서는 환자의 안모를 고려한 시각화된 정보가 필요하다. 기준 수평, 수직선 같은 정보와 환자의 요구사항에 대한 소통 없이 제작된 수복물은 비심미적인 결과를 초래할 수 밖에 없다. 따라서 어떻게 이러한 정보를 전달하느냐가 심미적인 수복물을 제작할 수 있는 성공의 요건이 될 것이다. 디지털 진단도구인 'Digital Smile Design (DSD)' 을 이용하여 심미수복에 필요한 정보를 시각화하고 수복물을 설계하여 심미적인 결과를 도출해내는 일련의 과정을 보고하고자 한다.

• 대한심미치과학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.4-16
• /
• 2017

현대의 치과 치료에서는 환자들의 심미적 요구도가 점점 높아지고 있다. 그리고, 이러한 심미 치과 영역에서 치은을 비롯한 연조직이 차지하는 비중은 매우 크다고 할 수 있다. 자연치나 임플란트 주위 조직을 분명히 이해하고 적절한 치료를 해줌으로써 환자들의 요구도를 만족시킬 수 있을 것이다. 연조직 부위의 심미를 pink esthetic이라고도 하는데, 이 pink esthetic에서 가장 중요한 영향을 미치는 것이 치은선이라고 할 수 있다. 이 치은선은 순측 치은의 높이, 치간유두의 높이, 그리고 이 둘을 잇는 자연스러운 곡선으로 구성되어 있다. 자연치에서 치은 퇴축이 발생한 경우, 순측 치은의 높이를 비롯한 자연스러운 치은선이 치근쪽으로 이동하게 되고, 더 많은 치아의 치근 부위가 노출되게 되어 비심미적인 모습을 보이게 된다. Root coverage technique(치근피개술)은 자연치의 치은 퇴축(marginal tissue recession)을 치료하기 위해서 오랜 기간동안 사용되어 왔던 술식으로, 치주 성형수술 영역에서는 대표적인 술식중의 하나라고 할 수 있다. 최근에는 임플란트 술식이 매우 보편화되었는데, 그만큼 임플란트의 부작용 또한 급증하고 있다고 할수 있다. 전치부 영역에서 임플란트의 부작용은 자주 심미적인 문제를 동반하게 된다. 기존의 전통적인 root coverage technique은 이러한 치과 임플란트 영역의 심미적 문제의 해결을 위해 많이 사용되고 응용되고 있다. 현재 우리나라의 대다수의 치과에서 임플란트 치료가 시행되고 있는 현실을 생각한다면 그 심미적 부작용의 극복을 위해, root coverage technique을 비롯한 연조직 처치를 숙지하는 것은 매우 유용하다고 할 수 있을 것이다. 이번 글에서는 대표적인 치근 피개술식들을 간단하게 살펴볼 것이며, 더 좋은 심미적 결과를 위한 단계별 고려사항들에 대해서 다뤄보려고 한다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2022

PURPOSE. The maximum width between the mesial and distal labial transitional line angles, described as "esthetic width" herein, could significantly influence the visual perception of the teeth and smile. This study aimed to conduct biometric research on esthetic width and to explore whether regular distribution exists in the esthetic width of human teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A total of 4,264 maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth were measured using the Geomagic studio software program. The proportions of maxillary to mandibular homonymous teeth and proportions between the adjacent teeth were calculated. Bilateral symmetry and the correlation between the esthetic and mesiodistal widths were both accounted for during the measurement procedures. RESULTS. The mean esthetic widths were 6.773 ± 0.518 mm and 4.329 ± 0.331 mm for maxillary and mandibular central incisors, respectively, 5.451 ± 0.487 mm and 5.008 ± 0.351 mm for maxillary and mandibular lateral incisors, respectively, and 3.340 ± 0.353 mm and 5.958 ± 0.415 mm for maxillary and mandibular canines, respectively. Except for the mandibular canines, no significant difference in esthetic width was found among homonymous teeth from the same jaw. A high linear correlation was found between the esthetic and mesiodistal widths of the same tooth, except for the maxillary canines. Esthetic width proportions among different tooth categories showed some regular patterns, which were similar to those of the mesiodistal width. CONCLUSION. Esthetic width is regularly distributed among the teeth in the Chinese population. This could provide an important reference for anterior dental restorations and dimension recovery in esthetic reconstruction of anterior teeth.