• 제목/요약/키워드: Erysiphe graminis

검색결과 25건 처리시간 0.028초

Biological Control of Powdery Mildew by Antibiotic-producing Microorganisms Antagonistic to Erysiphe graminis

  • Lee, Yong-Se;Wolf, G.
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제5권6호
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    • pp.341-345
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    • 1995
  • Seventy four microorganisms, which have antagonistic activity against to Fusarium culmorum, were tested for their inhibitory effect on colony development of obligate biotroph Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei Marchal, the causal agent of powdery mildew on barley plants. Of these, 13 actinomycetes isolates were shown to reduce the colony development of mildew completely by application of their 10% cell-free culture filtrates on barley leaves. An Isolate, A252, was the most powerful antagonist and its antifungal activity was further assessed. The colony development of mildew was significantly reduced by application of the 1% cell-free culture filtrate of isolate A252. In comparison to the control, the protective and curative application of 10% cell-free culture filtrate from A252 showed 88.5% and 96.1% reduction of colony numbers respectively. By the protective application, 68.3% of the inhibition was observed after 9 days of treatment, thus showed prolonged inhibitory effect. In vitro test, complete inhibition of the mycelial growth of Microdochium nivale was achieved by the treatment of 1% A252 culture filtrate and 80.2% of inhibition was observed by the 0.1% treatment.

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흰가루병균 분생포자 ethanol 추출분획의 대맥엽 형광화세포 유도활성 (Autofluorescence-elicitor activity of ethanol-extract fraction from conidia of Erysiphe graminis hordei to the leaf of barley)

  • 김기청;사산자효
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.177-181
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    • 1979
  • 보리흰가루병(Erysiphe graminis hordei race I)에 의한 대맥엽침입부에 항균성 형광화세포를 유도하는 물질의 추출분획을 얻기 위하여 실험을 실시한 결과 분생포자의 ethanol 추출분획이 형광화세포의 유도활성을 가지고 있음이 밝혀졌다. 이 분획은 비친화성인 Turkey 290품종에나 친화성품종에나 마찬가지로 형광화세포 유도활성을 나타냈으나 그 유도에 요하는 시간은 Turkey 290에서 8시간 이내 Kobingataki에서 16시간이내이었다.

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Antifungal Property of Dihydroxyanthraquinones Against Phytopathogenic Fungi

  • LEE CHI HOON;LEE HOI SEON
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.442-446
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    • 2005
  • Fungicidal activities of Cassia obtusifolia extracts and their active principles were tested against Botrytis cinerea, Erysiphe graminis, Phytophthora infestans, Puccinia recondita, Pyricularia grisea, and Rhizoctonia solani, and compared with synthetic fungicides and two dihydroxyanthraquinones. At 1 g/l, the chloroform fraction of C. obtusifolia extracts showed fungicidal activity against B. cinerea, E. graminis, P. infestans, and Py. grisea, and the ethyl acetate fraction showed fungicidal activity against E. graminis and P. infestans. Danthrone was chromatographically isolated from the chloroform fraction and showed fungicidal activity against B. cinerea, E. graminis, P. infestans, and Py. grisea with 68, 100, 78, and $91\%$ control values at 0.5 g/l, respectively. Specifically, alizarin and quinizarin inhibited E. graminis, P. infestans, and Py. Grisea, but did not inhibit the growth of P. recondita and R. solani. These results indicate at least one of the fungicidal actions of danthrone.

호습쇄의 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 저해제인 합성 piericidin유사체드르이 살균활성 (Fungicidal activity of synthetic piericidin analogs as inhibitors of NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase on the respiratory chain)

  • 정근회;조광연;다까하시노부다까;요시다시게오
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제33권3호
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    • pp.264-267
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    • 1990
  • 호습쇄의 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase를 강력히 저해하는 합성 piericidin유사체로써 hydroxypyridine 및 hyoxyquinoline 유도체들이 전반적으로 좋은 살균활성을 보였다. 특히, hydroxypyfidine 유도체들은 벼도열병(Pyricularia oryzae)과 보리흰가루병(Erysiphe graminis)에 대해서 높은 살균활성을 나타했다.

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한국 보리흰가루병균(Erysiphe graminis. f. sp. hordei)의 레이스 (Physiologic races of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei in Korea)

  • 우홍두;김기청
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.283-286
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    • 1983
  • 본실험은 1980년과 1982년에 한국에 분포하고 있는 보리흰가루병균의 race를 동정하기 위하여 Cherewick의 6개판별품종 Black Hulless, Chevron, Goldfoil, Heil Hanna, 3, Nepal, 및Peruvian을 사용하여 하였다. 1. 1980년과 1982년 93개지역에서 수집된 보리흰가루병균은 9가지 race 3,8,11,19, J13, K1A, K1B, K2, 및 K3으로 동정되었으며 이들 중 K1A, K1B, K2, K3은 한국에서 최초로 동정되었다. 2. 우리나라에서 동정된 race A1A, K1B, K2, K3는 주로 전남과 경남지역에서 수집되었고 race 9은 전북 부안에서만 분리되었다. 3. 일본에서 동정된 race J13은 남부지역에서 분리되었으며 전체분리균주의 $36.6\%$를 차지했다.

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An Antifungal Property of Burkholderia ambifaria Against Phytopathogenic Fungi

  • Lee Chul-Hoon;Kim Min-Woo;Kim Hye-Sook;Ahn Joong-Hoon;Yi Yong-Sub;Kang Kyung-Rae;Yoon Young-Dae;Choi Gyung-Ja;Cho Kwang-Yun;Lim Yoong-Ho
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제16권3호
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    • pp.465-468
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    • 2006
  • Even though many pesticides are known for barley powdery mildew and wheat leaf rust, alternative controls are necessary, because of consumer rejection of chemical pesticides and the appearance of fungi resistant to fungicides. To discover biopesticides, many broths of microorganisms were screened. Of those, a culture broth of Burkholderia ambifaria showed an excellent antifungal activity against both Erysiphe graminis and Puccinia recondita, which cause barley powdery mildew and wheat leaf rust, respectively.

보리 흰가루병균 접종후 보리엽내 경시적 생화학반응 (Biochemical Reactions of Barley Leaves at Intervals After Inoculation with Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei)

  • 송동업;조백호;김기청
    • 한국식물병리학회지
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.37-42
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    • 1986
  • [ $0.5\%$ ] lactophenol acid fuchsin으로 염색해 본 결과 보리흰가루 병균의 제1차 발아관에 반응하여 보리표피 세포에 papillae 및 cytoplasmic aggregate가 형성되었으나 그 크기는 부착기에 반응하여 형성된 것보다는 훨씬 작았으며 또한 접종후 36-48시간 이후의 표피세포내에는 acid fuchsin에 의해서 다른 세포들에 비해 세포전체가 좀 더 진하게 염색되는 곳이 군데군데 관찰되었다. 그러나 접종 후 96시간까지 지질과산화산물의 일종인 malondialdehyde의 함량은 증가하지 않았다. 접종 후 6시간에 형성된 papillae 및 cytoplasmic aggregate내에 callose, protein, phenol물질 등은 집적되었으나 접종 후 72시간까지도 cellulose, cutin, suberin, lignin등은 검출되지 않았다. 보리-흰가루병 상호조합의 상기 모든 반응은 race 비특이적이었다.

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비스 방향족 $\alpha, \beta$ -불포화 케톤 유도체중 2-pyridyl 및 phenyl 치환체의 항균성에 관한 치환 phenyl backbone의 영향 (Influence of substituted phenyl backbone on the fungicidal activity of phenyl or 2-pyridyl substituents in bis-aromatic ${\alpha},{\beta}$-unsaturated ketone derivatives)

  • 성낙도;유성재;최경섭;김현제
    • 농약과학회지
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    • 제2권3호
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    • pp.45-51
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    • 1998
  • 방향족 고리로서 2-pyridyl이나 phenyl group이 치환($R_{1}$)된 비스 방향족 ${\alpha},{\beta}$-불포화 케톤 기질 유도체중 치환($R_{2}$) phenyl backbone의 변화에 따른 벼도열병균(Pyricularia oryzae)과 토마토 역병균(Phytophtora infestans) 및 보리횐가루병균(Erysiphe graminis)에 대한 항균활성과 물리화학 파라미터들 사이의 정량적 구조-활성관계(QSAR)를 검토하였다. phenyl 치환체, $1{\sim}11$의 벼도열병군에 대한 항균활성은 전자밀게에 의한 공명효과(R<0)와 소수성(${\pi}$>0), 토마토역병균의 경우에는 적정값의 STERIMOL 파라미터인 치환기의 길이$((L_{1})_{opt.}=5.69({\AA}))$ 그리고 보리흰가루병균은 적정값의 소수성((${\pi})_{opt.}=0.38$)에 의존적이었다. 또한, 2-pyridyl 치환체, $12{\sim}28$에 있어서 벼도열병균$(M_{R})_{opt.}=39(cm^{3}/mol)$과 토마토 역병$(M_{R})_{opt.}=8.04(cm^{3}/mol)$은 적정값의 분자굴절상수($M_{R}$)와 Taft의 입체효과(Es), 그리고 보리 흰가루병균의 경우에는 Es와 정전위(EP), 그리고 LUMO 에너지(e.v)가 항균활성에 각각 영향을 미치는 요인이었다. 그리고 보리흰가루병균의 경우 두 치환체들의 항균활성 관계는 서로 비례관계를 보이는 경향이었다.

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In Vivo Antifungal Effects of Coptis japonica Root-Derived Isoquinoline Alkaloids Against Phytopathogenic Fungi

  • LEE CHI-HOON;LEE HOI-JOUNG;JEON JU-HYUN;LEE HOI-SEON
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제15권6호
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    • pp.1402-1407
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    • 2005
  • The fungicidal activities of Coptis japonica (Makino) extracts and their active principles were determined against Botrytis cineria, Erysiphe graminis, Phytophthora infestans, Puccinia recondita, Pyricularia grisea, and Rhizoctonia solani using a whole plant method in vivo, and compared with natural fungicides. The responses varied according to the plant pathogen tested. At 2,000 mg/l, the chloroform and butanol fractions obtained from methanolic extracts of C. japonica exhibited strong/moderate fungicidal activities against B. cinerea, E. graminis, P. recondita, and Py. grisea. Two active constituents from the chloroform fractions and one active constituent from the butanol fractions were characterized as isoquinoline alkaloids, berberine chloride, palmatine iodide, and coptisine chloride, respectively, using spectral analysis. Berberine chloride had an apparent $LC_{50}$ value of approximately 190, 80, and 50 mg/l against B. cinerea, E. graminis, and P. recondita, respectively; coptisine chloride had an $LC_{50}$ value of 210,20, 180, and 290 mg/l against B. cinerea, E. graminis, P. recondita, and Py. grisea, respectively; and palmatine iodide had an $LC_{50}$ value of 160 mg/l against Py. grisea. The isoquinoline alkaloids were also found to be more potent than the natural fungicides, curcumin and emodin. Therefore, these compounds isolated from C. japonica may be useful leads for the development of new types of natural fungicides for controlling B. cinerea, E. graminis, P. recondita, and Py. grisea in crops.