• 비교문화연구
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• 제19권
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• pp.251-270
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• 2010

The subject of the paper is to discern the validity of the translation theory put forward by the ESIT(Ecole Sup?rieur d'Interpr?tes et de Tranducteurs, Universit? Paris III) and how it differentiates from the other translation theories. First, the paper will analyze the theoretical aspects put forward by examining the equivalence that may be discerned between the french and korean translation in relation to the original english text that is being translated. Employing the equivalence in translation may shed new insights into the unterminable discussions we witness today between the literal translation and the free translation. Contrary to the formal equivalence the dynamic equivalence by Nida suggests that the messages retain the same meanings whether it be the original or a translated text to the/for the reader. In short, the object of the dynamic equivalence is to identify the closest equivalence to the suggested source language. The concept of correspondence and equivalence defined by theoriticians of translation falls to the domain of dynamic equivalence suggested by Nida. In translation theory the domain of usage of language and the that of discourse is denoted separately. by usage one denotes the translation through symbols that make up language itself. In contrast to this, the discourse is suggestive of defining the newly created expressions which may be denoted as being a creative equivalence which embodies the original message for the singular situation at hand. The translator will however find oneself incorporating the two opposing theories in translating. Translation falls under the criteria of text and not of language, thus one cannot regulate or foresee any special circumstances that may arise in translation of discourse, the translation to reflect this condition should always be delimited. All other translation should be subject to translation by equivalence. The interpretation theory in translation (of ESIT) in effect is relative to both the empirical and philosophical approach and is suggestive of new perspective in translation. In conclusion, the above suggested translation theory is different from the skopos theory and the polysystem theory in that it only takes in to account the elements that are in close relation to the original text, and also that it was developed for educational purposes opening new perspectives in the domain of translation theories.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.202-216
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• 1984

Nodal method가 소격격자 해석방법의 하나로 정립됨으로써, 계산격자가 비교적 크더라도 각 격자의 평균출력분포를 정확히 계산할 수 있게 하는 균질화변수틀 찾는 방법이 중요하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 simplified equivalence theory와 approximate node equivalence theory의 두가지 근사방법을 가압경수형 원자로 문제에 적응하여 시험하여 보았다. 균질화계산과 노심분석계산 방법으로서 analytic nodal method에 기초를 둔 ANM 코드를 개발하였다. 여러 균질화 방법외 정확성을 KTDD 코드에 의한 reference solution과 비교하여 본 결과, 균질화 계산은 핵연료영역에서는 영역별 핵연료집합체 계산으로, baffle과 reflector의 공존 격자영역은 이들을 포함하는 color set 계산으로 수행할 수 있음을 알았다. Approximate node equivalence theory에 입각해서 approximate homogenized cross-section들과 approximate discontinuity factor들의 균질화 변수를 사용하면 출력분포와 임계도가 각각 0.8%, 0,1% 오차 범위내에서 예측되었다.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.563-589
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• 2019

Let W and V be manifolds of dimension m + 2, M a locally flat submanifold of V whose dimension is m. Let $f:W{\rightarrow}V$ be a homotopy equivalence. The problem we study in this paper is the following: When is f homotopic to another homotopy equivalence $g:W{\rightarrow}V$ such that g is transverse regular along M and such that $g{\mid}g^{-1}(M):g^{-1}(M){\rightarrow}M$ is a simple homotopy equivalence? $L{\acute{o}}pez$ de Medrano (1970) called this problem the weak h-regularity problem. We solve this problem applying the codimension two surgery theory developed by the author (1973). We will work in higher dimensions, assuming that $$m{\geq_-}5$$.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.649-654
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• 1999

We consider the forgetful map from the group of equivariant self equivalences to the group of non-equivariant self equivalences. A sufficient condition for this forgetful map being a monomorphism is obtained. Several examples are given.

• 한국사회정책
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.185-214
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• 2012

에스핑앤더슨으로 촉발된 복지국가에 대한 연구가 유형화 논의를 통해 학문적으로 발전하는 가운데 동아시아 국가들의 급속한 경제성장에 관한 연구는 복지국가 유형화 논의시기와 맞물리면서 1990년대 후반부터는 '동아시아복지국가'에 대한 연구로 발전하기 시작하였다. 국내외에서 이루어진 이러한 연구들은 동아시아복지국가의 유형 및 개별 복지국가의 성격 규명, 더 나아가 기존의 국제복지국가 비교연구의 학문적 발전에도 크게 기여하였다. 다만, 서구 복지국가의 이론적 논의에 근거해 비교적 단시간 내에 많은 수의 동아시아복지국가 비교연구가 생산된 반면 동아시아복지국가 및 복지체제의 개념 및 정의 자체에 대해서는 충분히 다뤄지지 못한 아쉬움이 있다. 본 연구는 변수화 및 지표의 비교에 다소 치우쳐져있던 동아시아복지국가 논의에서 개념적 논의의 중요성 및 그 유용성을 강조하여 연구방법론적 기여를 하고자 한다. 이에 따라, 본 논문은 먼저 개념구조 및 집합이론을 논하고, 비교사회정책연구에서 집합이론을 활용한 개념화방법들을 소개한다. 이어서 복지국가 연구에서 유용하게 채용될 수 있는 기능적 등가물(functional equivalence)에 대해 논하고 이를 바탕으로 현재까지의 동아시아복지국가 연구를 비판적으로 검토한다. 마지막으로 앞서 설명한 개념구조들 및 집합이론을 활용하여, 동아시아복지국가 비교연구의 개념화작업 단계에서 기능적 등가물 개념을 채용할 수 있는 방안들을 제안한다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.559-563
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 ISF와 Floquet 벡터에 각각 기초하는 두 개의 주요한 발진기 위상잡음 이론의 등가성을 해석적으로 증명한다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 ISF에 기초하는 위상잡음 이론으로부터 전력 스펙트럼 밀도 행렬을 구한다. 이렇게 함으로써 ISF에 기초한 위상잡음 이론의 전력 스펙트럼 밀도 행렬과 Floquet 벡터에 기초한 위상잡음 이론의 전력 스펙트럼 밀도 행렬이 같다는 사실을 해석적으로 증명할 수 있으며 이는 두 이론이 본질적으로 등가임을 증명한다. 본 연구의 목적은 현재까지 널리 알려진 상기 두 위상잡음 이론사이의 관계에 대한 보다 깊은 통찰력을 제공하는데 있다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1997년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.487-492
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• 1997

Two-way concrete slab is often modeled as an orthotropic plate. In the modeling, flexural rigidities of the slab which depend upon the re-bar quantity have to be taken into account. Elastic equivalence technique in which the equilibrium and compatibility of the cross-section of slab satisfied is utilized to determine th flexural rigidities. In the analysis Navier's method is applied on the concrete slab with all edges simply supported under inform lateral load. In addition to the analysis using orthotropic plate theory, finite element method is also adopted to suggest the finite element modeling and to investigate the applicability of the method. Results obtained by both methods were compared and it is observed that the difference of the results was increased as the ratio of re-bar quantity increased.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.94-101
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• 1996

The equations of motion for a basic industrial robotic system which has a rigid or a flexible arm are derived by Lagrange's equation, respectively. Especially, for the deflection of the flexible arm, the assumed mode method is employed. These equations are highly nonlinear equations with nonlinear coupling between the variables of motion. In order to design the control law for the rigid-arm robot, Hunt-Su's nonlinear transformation method and Marino's feedback equivalence condition are used with linear quadratic regulator(LQR) theory. The control law for the rigid-arm robot is employed to input the desired path and to provide the required nonlinear transformations for the flexible-arm robot to follow. By using the implicit Euler method to solve the nonlinear equations, the comparison of the motions between the flexible and the rigid robots and the effect of flexibility are examined.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2002

It is important to determinate the shear center of beam having arbitrary cross-section in structures. In this study, we have introduced the determination of shear center that gets the equivalent stiffness matrix representing arbitrary cross section of beam and applies energy equivalence theory. This method shows the results of applying on examples that we know the exact and approximate solution of open and cross section of beam. This study also compares with the shear center of composite rotor blade got by the experiment and by the suggested method.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.859-869
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• 1997

It is shown that for $A_{k, m}$ a k-homogeneous $C^*$-algebra over $S^{2n - 1} \times S^1$ such that no non-trivial matrix algebra can be factored out of $A_{k, m}$ and $A_{k, m} \otimes M_l(C)$ has a non-trivial bundle structure for any positive integer l, we construct an $A_{k, m^-} C(S^{2n - 1} \times S^1) \otimes M_k(C)$-equivalence bimodule to show that every k-homogeneous $C^*$-algebra over $S^{2n - 1} \times S^1)$. Moreover, we prove that the tensor product of the k-homogeneous $C^*$-algebra $A_{k, m}$ with a UHF-algebra of type $p^\infty$ has the tribial bundle structure if and only if the set of prime factors of k is a subset of the set of prime factors of pp.