• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.1129-1137
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• 1993

This study was carried out to analyze the effects of dietary and life-style factors on the prevalence of depression in Korea. Epidemiologic data from a nation-wide sample of 2,000 adults who were selected with the stratified random sampling method in Korea were interviewed by trained interviewers. Data were presented on the CES-D, a 20-items self-report depression symptom scale developed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies in U.S.A. The prevalence of depression among all the respondents was 13.5%, with 13.1% in urban samples and 15.5% in rural samples. The prevalence was higher in females(15.3%) than in males(11.7%). There were highly marked differences in the prevalence of depression by sex(p<0.05), age(p<0.0001), education(p<0.001) and income(p<0.01). Respondents of 60 years and over group, the less educated group(below elementary school graduated), and the less income group(less than 400,000 won/month) reported the highest rate of depression. However subjects' occupation and residence had little relation with the prevalence of depression. Drinking and smoking habit appeared to be highly associated with depression in females(p<0.0001) but not in males. The prevalence of depression and eating behavior were highly related(p<0.005). Male respondents below 20 years, 20-29, and 60 years and over depressed group reported significantly lower energy and protein intakes compared to that of the normal group. However, in the female respondents 20-29 years and 60 years and over depressed groups showed the significantly lower energy and protein intakes compared to those of the normal groups(p<0.05), it can be concluded that the various ecological factors such as epidemiological, dietary, and health factors may affect the prevalence of depression among Korean.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.57-73
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• 1982

Questionaires on symptoms of respiratory disease have been used in Korea to elicit the probable health effects of air pollution in epidemiologic studies: The objectives of such studies often include comparing prevalence of symptoms of respiratory system between different population groups or between the same population groups, at different times. Unfortunately, little attention has, been paid to standardization of those questionaires, whether those are Korean. versions or not. Furthermore, no attempt to develop Korean ,questionaire on respiratory symptoms and relevant information has been made. Followed by 'a comparative study on responses to Korean version questionaires(English origin) of CMI, MRC, and ATS-DLD-78' two types of questionaires on respiratory symptoms and relevant information for Korean adult, which are short form (SUN-81-AS) and long forms (optional questions are added to the short one, SUN-81-AL), have been designed suitable to Korean background by authors (see Annex). The self-administered and closed-question questionaire were tested their validity and reliability by administration to l80 normal adults (medical and nursing students) and 60 clinical patients of Seoul National University Hospital, with spirometric exam. The results obtained and conclusions drawn are as follow: 1. It took less than 10 minutes to complete the questionaire SNU-81-AS and SNU-81-AL. 2. The test-retest reliability of each questions in AS and AL ,were observed as 92.7% and 92.1%, respectively. And all of the level of agreement are statistically significant with kappa statistic. 3. In addition to higher prevalence rate of symptoms in patients group compared, with, normal. group, the correlations between FEV 1.0/FVC predictive value(%) and number of symptoms were statistically significant inpatients group (See Fig. 1 and, Table 7). 4. The answer rate to optional questions in AL form among those who are not to do was about 10%, while the no-answer rate among who are to do was about 15% in Normal (medical and nursing students) group. 5. From the viewpoints of validity and reliability, the new Korean questionaire (SNU-81-AS and AL) developed by authors are to be recommendable to use in epidemiologic studies on respiratory illness in Korea. The self-administration, however, of optional questions in AL form may not assure the quality of data gathered.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2018

종합병원 행정직원의 우울수준(CES-D: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale)과 관련된 융복합적 요인들을 조사하였다. 설문조사는 2017년 7월 3일부터 2017년 7월 29일까지 임의로 선정된 J지역 9개 종합병원의 재직자 201명에 대하여 무기명 자기기입식 설문지를 사용하였다. 위계적 다중회귀분석 결과, 자아존중감(RES: Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale)이 낮을수록, 피로(MFS: Multidimensional Fatigue Scale)가 높을수록, 사회심리적 스트레스(PWI-SF: Psychosocial Well-being Index Short Form)가 높을수록 우울이 높았으며 이들의 설명력은 32.5%이었다. 이상의 연구결과를 볼 때, 종합병원 행정직원의 우울수준을 낮추기 위해서는 자아존중감을 높이고, 피로 및 사회심리적 스트레스를 낮추는 노력이 필요하다. 이러한 결과는 종합병원 행정직원의 우울수준을 낮추는 조직인사관리 및 산업보건교육에 활용될 수 있다. 추후연구에서는 종합병원 행정직원의 우울수준에 영향을 미치는 구조방정식 모형의 분석이 필요하다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3123-3127
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• 2012

Objective: Experimental studies have suggested green tea to be a chemopreventive agent for colorectal cancer, and many studies have examined possible associations. However, the conclusions were inconsistent or even contradictory, so we performed a meta-analysis based on published case-control studies to explore if green tea is indeed a protective factor. Methods: PubMed was searched up to May $10^{th}$, 2012 for relevant studies, and references of included studies were manually searched. Finally 13 eligible studies, involving 12,636 cases and 38,419 controls were identified. After data extraction, a meta-analysis was performed using CMA v2 software. Results: The results indicated there may be a weak but not statistically significant reduced risk of colorectal cancer with high dose of green tea intake (OR=0.95, 95% CI:0.81-1.11, p=0.490.69-0.98). This protective effect was also found in all subgroups, except in American and European populations. Sensitivity analysis indicated the result to be robust. Publication bias was not detected by either funnel plot or Egger tests. Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis indicate a weak lower tendency for colorectal cancer development with green tea consumption, but available epidemiologic data are insufficient to conclude that green tea may protect against colorectal cancer in humans.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2005

The health risks from the magnetic fields exposure have been brought out difficulties in the construction of transformer substation. According to several epidemiologic studies and the relevant international organizations, magnetic fields should not exceed the exposure limits of 3mG for the people living near electric power lines. The rigid regulation of the exposure levels for the elementary school and residental areas has been established already in Switzerland and Italy. Since 1998, the environmental impact assessment system in Korea has been reviewed for power-frequency magnetic field by precautionary policies. In this study, the possible application of Prior Environmental Performance Review System for the transformer substation was reviewed from the points of the properties of the powerfrequency magnetic fields. The ranges and survey methods of the assessment for the transformer substation were proposed. The ranges of magnetic fields was between 300m to 500m for the 345kV transformer substation. It is necessary to develop further specific assessment methods for various high-voltage transformer substations.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.391-400
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• 2001

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine depression in order to identify and improve health care policies promoting health among Korean women. Method: There were 329 participants, all older than 18 years old, and staying in Kyungki-Do, city. The data was collected from July to September 1999. The instrument used for this study was the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) to evaluate depression. The collected data was analyzed with frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, $\chi$2-test and Multiple logistic Analysis. Result: The result of this study are as follows: 1. Among the participants, 90.6% had normal to mild depression and 9.4% had severe depression. 2. For general characteristics, there were significant difference in the degree of depression according to age(P=0.0001), and marital status(P=0.0001). As for health related characteristics, the depression scores were affected by health perception(P= 0.0001), menopause(P=0.0005), stress (P= 0.0001) and sexual activity(P=0.0001). 3. There was a significant relationship between marital status and stress. Conclusion: This study suggests that a replicate study is needed. The results are also is useful in developing various nursing intervention programs.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.155-174
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of family strengths and self-esteem on depression among married women who have adolescents in middle and high school of their first child in Korea. To measure of depression using the CESD(the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale), the degree of husewives' depression was relatively higher than that of employed married women. As for the related variables, educational degree, S.E.S(socio-economic status), self-esteem turned out significant in housewives' depression. But, in the case of employed married women, these were not significant. Therefore, we are confirmed that the etiologic model of this study was more proper to housewives than employed married women. Finally, in both cases of housewives and employed married women, the effects of family strengths were mediated or moderated by self-esteem in predicting depression. The results of this study called for the encouraging of married women's self-esteem, the parti ipation of various social programs for housewives, and the programs to strengthening of their family relationships.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.213-222
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• 2003

Genomic epidemiology is defined as 'an evoking field of inquiring that uses the systematic application of epidemiologic methods are approaches in population-based studies of the impact of human genetic variation on health and disease (Khoury, 1998)'. Most human diseases are caused by the intricate interaction among environmental exposures and genetic susceptibility factors. Susceptibility genes involved in disease pathogenesis are categorized into two groups: high penetrance genes (i.e., BRAC1, RB, etc.) and lour penetranoe genes (i.e., GSTs, Cyps, XRCC1, ets.), and low penetrance susceptibility genes has the higher priority for epidemiological research due to high population attributable risk. In this paper, the summarized results of the association study between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and breast cancer in Korea were introduced and the international trends of genomic epidemiology research were reviewed with an emphasis on internee-based case-control and cohort consortium.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.181-187
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• 2004

One of objectives in epidemiologic studies is to detect the amount of change caused by a specific risk factor. Risk ratio is one of the most useful measurements in epidemiology. When we perform the inference for this measurement with rare events, the standard approach based on the normal approximation may fail, in particular when there are no disease cases observed. In this paper, we discuss and evaluate several existing methods for constructing a confidence interval of risk ratio through simulation when the disease of interest is a rare event. The results in this paper provide guidance with how to construct interval estimates for risk difference and risk ratio when there are no disease cases observed.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.435-446
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• 2012

Epidemiologic studies frequently try to estimate the impact of a specific risk factor. The risk difference and the risk ratio are generally useful measurements for this purpose. When using such measurements for rare events, the standard approaches based on the normal approximation may fail, in particular when no events are observed. In this paper, we discuss and evaluate several existing methods to construct confidence intervals around risk differences and risk ratios using Monte-Carlo simulations when the disease of interest is rare. The results in this paper provide guidance how to construct interval estimates of the risk differences and the risk ratios when no events are detected.