• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.391-408
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• 2008

The overall focus of this study was to identify marketing and promotion strategies that can maintain and enhance environmentally friendly farm and organic production and processing activities. This is particularly important as the volume of environmentally friendly farm and organic produce that is generally available is increasing, and significant players, such as Organic Marketing Initiatives(OMI) and conventional marketing co-operatives, are becoming involved in the market. The rapid increase in production of environmentally friendly farm products and organic food is creating new and more complex challenges for marketing, from vegetable box schemes large co-operatives supplying the precise quality and volume required by supermarkets. A possible strategy for many farmers is to co-operate in regionally or nationally operating marketing initiatives. The main objective of any public relations(PR) activity should to enhance publicity and to improve an OMIs image. No promotion, no perception of OMI performance.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.275-286
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• 2008

This paper examines the impact of reliability on consumers' demand for environmentally friendly agricultural products using ordered logit model. We survey 100 housewives living in the capital region and five metropolitian cities cross sectional data in 2007. This paper especially estimates the impact of instrumental factor, such as history tracking system, provision of information, safety assurance and labelling of brands on the consumers' demand. The main results show that provision of information and safety assurance affect consumers' demand more confident than others. In order to motivate consumers to buy more environmentally friendly agricultural products, the safety should be assured and more information on production and marketing channel should be labelled.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.61-77
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• 2009

This study investigates the disposal of clothing and the purchasing behavior and usage of environmentally friendly clothing. After compiling data from 500 consumers who reside in Seoul, it was analyzed by ANOVA, t-test, Chi-square, and multiple regression analysis. The behavioral score for buying environmentally friendly clothing was lower than the average value of the three. The lowest value was for the purchase of used clothing, but the purchase of environmentally friendly clothing was also shown to have a low value. For the usage and disposal of clothing, unused clothing, which was mostly just left in dresser drawers, was the most preferable method. Also, exchange or resale via anInternet mall was shown to be lower than the other methods. The analysis between clothing purchase and usage as well as the disposal of clothing with socio-demographics, consumption tendencies, opinions of friends and groups, commercials and advertisements, and environmental perceptions points out differences among groups. There are statistically significant differences in the purchasing intentions of slow fashion according to socio-demographics. Female consumers between $20{\sim}25$ years of age were more likely to purchase slow fashion clothing. Consumers with a high consumption tendency who were highly influenced by commercials, friends, and groups were more likely to purchase slow fashion clothing. The influence of the average clothing expenditure on an environmentally friendly purchasing behavior and the influence of the age group on repairing and usagewas the most effective. All in all, contribution to an environmentally friendly perception was the most effective variable.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.439-445
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• 2012

The chitinase producing Lysobacter enzymogenes C-3 has previously been shown to suppress plant pathogens in vitro and in the field, but little is known of the regulation of chitinase production, or its role in antimicrobial activity and biocontrol. In this study, we isolated and characterized chitinase-defective mutants by screening the transposon mutants of L. enzymogenes C-3. These mutations disrupted genes involved in diverse functions: glucose-galactose transpoter (gluP), disulfide bond formation protein B (dsbB), Clp protease (clp), and polyamine synthase (speD). The chitinase production of the SpeD mutant was restored by the addition of exogenous spermidine or spermine to the bacterial cultures. The speD and clp mutants lost in vitro antifungal activities against plant fungal pathogens. However, the gluP and dsbB mutants showed similar antifungal activities to that of the wild-type. The growth of the mutants in nutrient rich conditions containing chitin was similar with that of the wild-type. However, growth of the speD and gluP mutants was defective in chitin minimal medium, but was observed no growth retardation in the clp and dsbB mutant on chitin minimal medium. In this study, we identified the four genes might be involved and play different role in the production of extracellular chitinase and antifungal activity in L. enzymogenes C-3.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.867-878
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to compare the degree of understanding about school foodservice management and environmentally friendly agricultural products between urban and rural elementary school children's mothers. The subjects were 280 elementary school children's mothers who lived in Gunsan city and the nearby countryside. The results are summarized as follows. The mothers in urban schools were higher on the degree of participation (p < 0.01) and interest (p < 0.01), but were lower on the degree of satisfaction (p < 0.001) for school foodservice than rural ones. The best improvement of school foodservice management was improving food tastes and qualities of the foodstuffs in urban schools and sanitation at the service area in the rural schools (p < 0.001). The school foodservice program contributed to cure the unbalanced diets and developing of bodies and minds; there was no difference of urban and rural schools. But eating habits in rural schools were more improved than urban schools (p < 0.001). The primary reason for using environmentally friendly agricultural products was to improve their health and in securing safe foods, there was no difference of urban and rural schools, but generating the farmer's income from the products in rural schools was higher than urban schools (p < 0.001). There are conflicting views between urban and rural schools for the additional costs brought by using the environmentally friendly agricultural products (p < 0.001). The order of preference on using environmentally friendly agricultural products was rice and various grains, vegetables, fruits, livestock, seasoning, etc. In conclusion, our central and local governments should change their roles in financially positive ways and reflect the issues in making the policy effective. Responsible administrators of school food suppliers run the system more faithfully with the above government support.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2000

Development of index for evaluation of environmental nature and its application for the purpose of construction of industrial complex with environmentally friendly. Industrial complex comes to be recognized as a disgusting zone according to the increasing environment consciousness of residents. And the objection about the exploitation of geographically unwanted land site is increased during development process and it is possible to cause Nimby phenomenon. Therefore, ecology and environment-oriented strategies tends to be adopted for industrial complex development. Furthermore, the maximization of profit mainly directed by enterprises as of today cannot guarantee its future and the efforts of adopting environmental constancy and harmony as a new objective are made progressively. For the development of city and region, in particular such as residence complex, farming and special city, the discussion of environmental consistency, new paradigm with environmentally friendly is briskly under progress, but the relevant discussion for the development of industrial estate is not done so much. Just only few studies are realized from the viewpoint of industrial ecology but its level remains in the understanding of the concepts and presentation of development direction. This study is to prepare for the foundation of the construction of industrial estate with environmentally friendly under the current condition of Korea against coming future environment era and to try to develop of evaluation range and index which are the basis of evaluation of environment. I applied the above evaluation index to the residents of actual industrial estate to understand their consciousness of decreased environment. And I obtained 7 evaluation ranges and 37 evaluation indexes for the relevant residents. Among them, I get the value less than the average in 19 index items. And they represent very sensible reaction about environment pollution including decrease of waste materials. This study has several limits but is meaningful in that the development of evaluation index for environmental nature in industrial complex is done, and that the basic discussion of the plan and design for environmentally friendly industrial estate is made under the above evaluation and that 37 evaluation items are applied to the reality.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 친환경유기농자재를 사용하여 작물을 재배하는 농업인을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하여 친환경유기농자재의 사용실태, 부작용 경험 및 친환경유기농자재의 안전성에 대한 인식도 등을 조사하였다. 조사결과 친환경유기농업에 종사하는 농업인이 친환경농업에 참여하는 가장 큰 이유는 안전농산물을 생산하기 위한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 친환경유기농자재의 안전성에 대해 보통이상으로 높게 인식하고 있었으며, 재배면적이 많은 농업인이 재배면적이 작은 농업인에 비해 친환경유기농자재의 안전성에 대한 인식이 더 낮았다. 친환경유기농업 인증을 받은 응답자의 23.6%와 인증을 받지 않은 응답자의 33.8%가 부작용을 경험함으로써 친환경유기농업 인증을 받은 농업인의 부작용 경험 비율이 낮았다. 친환경유기농자재 사용으로 인한 부작용의 종류는 주로 '눈가려움', '손발가려움', '피곤함'으로 나타났으며, 부작용을 경험한 사람($3.79{\pm}1.15$)이 경험하지 않은 사람($4.15{\pm}0.86$)에 비해서 사용방법을 준수하는 비율이 유의적으로 낮게 나타남에 따라 부작용의 발생 여부는 포장지에 기재된 사용방법 준수 행위와 밀접한 관련이 있음을 알 수 있다. 이러한 결과를 근거로 해서 정책 및 교육부문의 개선방안을 제안하기 위해서는 농업인을 대상으로 하는 보다 정밀한 의견 수렴 등의 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.1700-1703
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• 2007

Microorganisms capable of degrading crude oil were isolated and grown in soybean oil as a sole carbon source. The microbial cultures were used to control green peach aphids in vitro. Approximately 60% mortality of aphids was observed when the cultures were applied alone onto aphids. To examine the cultures as a pesticide formulation mixture, the cultures were combined with a low dose of the insecticide imidacloprid (one-fourth dose of recommended field-application rate) and applied onto aphids. The cultures enhanced significantly the insecticidal effectiveness of imidacloprid, which was higher than imidacloprid alone applied at the low dose. The isolated microorganisms exhibited high emulsifying index values and decreased surface tension values after being grown in soybean oil media. GC/MS analyses showed that microorganisms degraded soybean oil to fatty acids. The cultures were suggested to play the roles of wetting, spreading, and sticking agents to improve the effectiveness of imidacloprid. This is the first report on the control of aphids by using oil-degrading microbial cultures.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.159-177
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• 2006

Governance systems are basically an autonomous cooperation type among the government, civil society and market, also a new paradigm for efficient and democratic administration of policies. The governance mainly consists of the central operating body, institutions, operating principles and so on. The constituents are the nation(government), civil society(NGO) and market(firm). Institutional conditions are a legitimate base, financial stability and independency. And as a operating principle, governance systems have common goals and issues from a national and social point of view. This governance has been recently emerged due to financial risk of government, diffusion of new liberalism going with the globalization, localization-decentralization, and development of civil society and information-oriented society. We have to grope fur the framework of participatory agri- policy confronting globalization and localization as well as developing our agriculture and rural village. This agri-policy governance should be theoretically focused on policy network or self-organizing network or multi-lateral governance (MLG) based on NPM. Also, it is proper to have connection of nation-central type and civil society-central type. And it is necessary to have a MLG type with local governance corresponding to localization and decentralization. Governance should have the type whose participants have authority and responsibility as well. Basic directions of environmentally friendly agri-policy governance are as follows : first, its purposes are constructing the democratic and efficient framework of participatory environmentally friendly agri-policy based on consensus of all the related groups, embodying environmentally friendly agri-policy adjusted to local field, raising farmer's real interest, and improving their position. Second, its form should have a council or an agreement system, not an advisory or a consultation organ. Thus, public sector(eg. government) and voluntary sector(eg. farmers' organization) jointly execute agricultural policy and are responsible together. Environmentally friendly agri-policy governance is mainly made up of farmers' organization, cooperative and civil society(NGO). And secondary bodies are agribusinesses and academic groups. Government interacts with the main bodies on administrative execution. And environmentally friendly agri-policy governance has MLG type with a central unit, province and county units. Environmentally friendly agri-policy governance has several main functions such as agri-policy partnership, speaking for farmer's rights and interests, investigation and research on domestic and foreign agricultural streams, and etc. Especially, local unit will play roles in activation for regional agriculture, consulting on technique and management, education and training services, services entrusted by government, and so on.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2014

This study conducted a survey to analyze awareness, preferences, and the current state of consuming environmentally friendly organic food while eating-out in 435 adults aged 20 and above in Daegu, Korea. Most subjects (95%) showed awareness of environmentally friendly organic food, and 88.5% of subjects answered environmentally friendly organic food is 'needed'. The percentage of eating out for families was 58.9%, and 49.0% of subjects said they eat out one to three times per month on average. In addition, subjects preferred a price range between 10,000 and 20,000 won per person when eating out, and they mostly favored Korean restaurants when ordering environmentally friendly organic food. Analysis of awareness of environmentally friendly organic food showed that among 'health' factors, 'environmental' factors, 'social' factors, and 'dietary essential' factors, 'health' factors showed the highest percentage for awareness. A survey on preferred foods by gender showed that both genders preferred vegetables the most. The results show that subjects in their 20s and 30s favored vegetables and fruits while subjects in their 40s preferred vegetables and grain animal products. Analysis of preferred types of environmentally friendly organic foods showed that men preferred polished rice while women preferred brown rice. Subjects in their 20s and 30s preferred strawberries, whereas those in their 40s preferred cherry tomatoes and those in their 50s and above favored tomatoes (p<0.001). Among root and tuber crops (63.4%), sweet potato was the most preferred. Among fruits, subjects preferred apples while among special crops, they most preferred oyster mushrooms; both genders preferred Korean beef. The most preferred livestock product of subjects in their 20s was pork, whereas subjects in their 30s preferred Korean beef. Subjects in their 40s preferred Korean beef and pork in the same proportions, whereas subjects in their 50s and above favored eggs the most.