• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.31-37
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• 2012

Recently buildings are constructed in larger and higher scales and becoming more complex. However from small to large scale buildings and on construction sites there still are fire safety accidents that occur continuously. Therefore to improve fire safety plan, examining the actual fire safety management and understanding fire risk analysis Using Fire Modeling through Computer Simulation. On this study, the permissible evacuation times were estimated for smoke fall, temperature, CO concentration, viability, etc. Fire safety management plans for fire safety were suggested.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2017

Side stream cigarette smoke (SSCS) is known to be as harmful and hazardous to human health as is active smoking. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the exposure to SSCS and its stimulatory and subacute effects on the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). A methionine and choline-deficient plus high fat (MCDHF) diet was administered to C57BL/6 mice for 6 weeks. During the first three weeks of MCDHF diet feeding, each diet group was exposed to SSCS (0, 20, $40{\mu}g/L$) or fresh air for 2 hrs per day and 5 days per week. Additional experiments were performed by increasing the concentration (0, 30, $60{\mu}g/L$) and exposure time (6 hours per day) of SSCS. According to histopathologic analysis and serum levels of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), there were no differences in hepatic fat deposition, fibrosis, apoptosis or liver damage in MCDHF-fed mice based on SSCS exposure. There were also no differences in the expression of inflammation-, oxidative stress- or fibrosis-related genes between MCDHF-fed mice with or without SSCS exposure. Therefore, it is concluded that SSCS with current exposure amounts does not have additive detrimental effects on the early stage of NASH.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.129-140
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• 2012

Smoke toxicity is the test for the toxicity evaluation of smoke and hazardous gas, caused by combustion of building materials and finishing materials. Smoke toxicity can be evaluated by the mean incapacitation time of mice. This test result can be influenced by the health status of mice and test condition. In acute inhalation toxicity test of hazardous gas, no typical clinical findings and histopathologic abnormalities were observed. Tracheitis and bronchitis as well as acute lung inflammation around terminal bronchiole in some mouse of the highest dose group. Through this study, we established the method for inhalation toxicity test of hazardous gas as well as the SOP of inhalation toxicity test. However, in the future studies, the concentration control methods for inhalation technologies on hazardous gas will be needed to improve continuously and also further studies on other gas inhalation toxicity will be needed to conduct.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.49-59
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• 2009

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the factors related with the intention of smoking abstinence among elementary students in a metropolitan city in Korea. Methods: All the elementary schools in the city were stratified by region, and then schools as a primary sampling units (PSU) were selected by probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling. One class per grade was sampled randomly from 5th and 6th grade in the sampled schools from October to December in 2004. The students completed a standardized self-administered questionnaire anonymously. A total number of 1,712 respondents who did not smoke was included in the final analysis. The dependent variable was an intention of smoking in the future, and it was dichotomized into 'absolutely confident in smoking abstinence' and 'others'. The risk of non-absolute confidence in smoking abstinence was calculated with simple and multiple logistic regression, which were conducted with STATA 9.0 by a design-based analysis considering strata variable, PSU, and sampling weight. Results: In the final model of multiple logistic regression analysis, those who were more likely to have non-absolute confidence in smoking abstinence were male students (OR=2.66, p<0.001); barely attending religious services (OR=3.32, p=0.002) or having no religion (OR=1.95, p=0.027); exposure to environmental tobacco smoke outside home 1${\sim}$2 days per week (OR=1.60, p=0.013); having friends who smoked (OR=1.93, p=0.011); non-absolute confidence in refusing to smoke (OR=5.35, p<0.001); having relatively less negative attitude (OR=2.88, p<0.001), positive attitude (OR=2.35, p<0.001), and indifference (OR=4.05, p=0.034) toward peer smoking; not good relationship with mother (OR=1.52, p=0.016). Conclusion: The factors related with non-absolute confidence in smoking abstinence were coincided with those of smoking among children. The results of this study suggest the smoking prevention education should be applied to the children more actively, especially who are not confident in smoking abstinence in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.343-350
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• 2019

Objectives: This study aims to identify whether ventilation conditions and their effectiveness can be significantly improved in an experimental chamber by increasing the mixing factor (K-Factor). Methods: In a chamber with a volume of $1m^3$, air velocity was measured at six different points with four roof fans in the upper part of the chamber being operated in order. The impact of the ventilation conditions was analyzed when the flow rates were increasing and the first inlet of the chamber was either open or closed. Smoke patterns were also observed at four corner points where ventilation was limited. Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were performed to compare air velocities measured in the chamber. Results: The air velocities measured at only the third point increased significantly from $0.03{\pm}0.03m/s$ (door open) and $0.05{\pm}0.06m/s$ (door closed) with two fans, $0.08{\pm}0.08m/s$ with three fans, and $0.09{\pm}0.09m/s$ with four fans operating (p<0.05). However, air velocities at the four corner points did not significantly increase. Smoke patters also showed that the open inlet of the chamber had no effect on improvement of ventilation conditions and effectiveness. Conclusions: In this study, the air velocities at six points in the chamber did not significantly increase despite the increase in the mixing factor and flow rates of ventilation in the controlled environment. Therefore, the inflow of outdoor air throughout an open inlet and installation of a forced ventilation system can potentially increase the indoor air velocity and improve ventilation condition without an increase in the mixing factor.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.562-562
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• 2002

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.143-144
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• 1999

1950년대 이후 구미 각국에서 수집된 대부분의 독성학적, 역학적 연구조사자료에 따르면 흡연과 관련한 발병률 및 사망률의 주요 원인이 흡연 당사자의 직접흡연에 의한 것으로 보고되어 왔다. .그러나 최근 들어 담배연기에 대한 비흡연자의 비자의적인 노출 즉, 환경담배연기(Environmental Tobacco Smoke, 이하 ETS)로 인한 보건학적 위해성에 대한 논란이 제기되면서 간접흡연은 새로운 사회문제로 대두되고 있다(Repace, 1980; Surgeon General, 1986).(중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.103-118
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• 1990

담배의 부류연예 나타나는 여러성분에 대한 현재까지의 연구결과를 문헌을 토대로 요약정리하여 본다. 부류연에 나타나는 연기성분의 함량을 주류연과 비교하고 부류연을 포집하기 위해 현재까지 사용된 실험설비와 environmental tobacco smoke(ETS)의 구성에 관한 부류연 자료의 중요성을 논의한다. 부류연에 대한 연구 및 주류연과 부류연의 양과 분포에 대한 연구는 연기발생 및 담배흡연시 일어나는 기작에 대한 지식을 얻는데 유용한 자료를 제공한다. 그러나 이 자료와 계산되어진 비율은 ETS의 양적구성을 밝히는데는 전혀 연관성이 없다.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.477-482
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• 2004

New materials are being considered for insulator of railroad vehicles. Because people want more environmental material than glass fiber, there are certain needs of finding safe and economical insulating material. We checked the flammability of some kinds insulators such as PE foam, neoprene rubber foam. melamine foam and glass fiber. You could find out the characteristics such as oxygen index. optical smoke density, toxicity index of that insulators.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.324-325
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• 2000