• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.411-416
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• 2002

The emergence of viral diseases transmitted is nowadays a central problem in the world. Problem, which is becoming very critical in developing countries, where the health systems are not yet enough developed to face the bursting of such diseases. Emerging viral diseases constitute one of the major threats to human being that are arising in the modern world. Besides bio-chemical and medical researches, new orientations are developed to understand the environmental dimensions of such emergence. Questions concerning the inter-plays between the environmental and disease dynamics are building up new investigations, both in remote sensing and GIS, for the elaboration of levels of organization of space and environment in relation to incidences, to gain understandings in these issues. Environmental attributes attached to land cover types: area, spatial heterogeneity and physical state, are derived from remote sensing and applied to uncover related dimensions of the Dengue disease.

• Mycobiology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.108-111
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• 2013

The use of a microorganism, or its secretions, to prevent plant disease offers an attractive alternative or supplement to synthetic fungicides for the management of plant disease without the negative effects of chemical control mechanisms. During a screening for microorganisms with the potential to be used as microbial fungicides, Bacillus sp. BS061 was isolated from a plant leaf. The strain BS061 potently inhibited the mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea, and significantly reduced disease incidence of powdery mildew in cucumber and strawberry. We also found that the culture filtrate of BS061 inhibited the mycelial growth of various plant pathogens.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.87-90
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• 1981

Genetic and environmental factors are the two areas which have received attention in the etiology of congenital cardiac malformation. Genetic factor in many types of congenital heart disease have not been clearly delineated. Congenital heart diseases are a heterogenous category of developmental anomalies, representing in most cases the multifactorial inheritance of threshold characters, the expression of which is the product of a genetic - environmental interaction. Recently we experienced three pairs of congenital heart disease in siblings including ventricular septal defects in twin.

• Review of Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.32-36
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• 2018

• Proceedings of the Korea Environmental Mutagen Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.69-70
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• 2002

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.137-145
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• 2014

Objectives: The study examines the relation between urinary arsenic concentration and blood pressure, which is a risk factor of cardiovascular disease. Materials: In this study, the urinary arsenic concentration, history of diagnosed disease, and blood pressure of 782 local residents in Gwangyang, Yeosu, and Hadong regions from May 2007 to July 2007. Results: The urinary arsenic concentration of total participants was $9.06{\mu}g/g-ct$. The logistic regression analysis of medical diagnosed history and urinary arsenic concentration, showed statistically significance (p<0.05) of high urinary arsenic concentration in participants with diagnosed hypertension. In addition, diagnosed hypertension it was observed that the high blood pressure was related with the pulse pressure. Conclusions: The arsenic concentration level was low in this study, but the exposure to low levels of arsenic has an effect on hypertension. Also, hypertension is related to pulse pressure and mean arterial blood pressure as well as being risk factor of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, close supervision of low -level arsenic exposure is needed.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.320-324
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• 2012

Osteoporosis is an important public health issue in postmenopausal women. It is a major public health concern and is widely believed that osteoporosis results from imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation. Recently natural products from plants have been extensively studied as therapeutic drugs to treat and prevent various diseases. Hoelen (scientific name, Poria cocos) is a mushroom that is used in traditional Chinese medicine. Hoelen exhibits anti-inflammatory activity and has a protective effect on tumor progression. However, the effect of hoelen in osteoclast differentiation remains unknown. Thus, we examined the effect of hoelen in receptor activator of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. Hoelen significantly inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) in dose dependent manner without toxicity. Also, we showed that hoelen significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of tartrate-resistant acid phophatase (TRAP) and nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) in BMMs treated with RANKL. In Particular, hoelen greatly inhibited the protein expression of NFATc1. Ectopic expression of NFATc1 partially reverses hoelen-mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation. Taken together, our results demonstrated that hoelen may be useful treatment option of bone-related disease such as osteoporosis, reumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.349-354
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• 2015

Brown blotch disease in cultivated mushrooms is caused by Pseudomonas tolaasii, which secretes a lipodepsipeptide, tolaasin. Tolaasin is a pore-forming toxin in the cell membranes, thus destroying the fruiting body structure of mushroom. In this study, we isolated pathogenic bacteria from mushrooms that had symptoms of brown blotch disease. In order to identify these bacteria, their 16S rRNA genes were sequenced and analyzed. Pathogenic bacteria identified as Pseudomonas species were thirty five and classified into five subgroups: P1 to P5. Each subgroup showed different metabolic profile measured by API 20NE kit. Fifty percent of the bacteria were identified as P. tolaasii (P1 subgroup). All five subgroups caused the formation of brown blotches on mushroom tissues and the optimum temperature was 25oC, indicating that they may be able to secrete causal factors, such as tolaasin and similar peptide toxins. These results show that there are at least five different pathogenic Pseudomonas species as blotch-causing bacteria and, therefore, strains from the P2 to P5 subgroups should be also considered and studied as pathogens in order to improve the quality and yield of mushroom production.

• BMB Reports
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• v.53 no.8
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• pp.442-447
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• 2020

The non-viral delivery of genes into macrophages, known as hard-to-transfect cells, is a challenge. In this study, the microporation of a CpG-free and small plasmid (pCGfd-GFP) showed high transfection efficiency, sustainable transgene expression, and good cell viability in the transfections of Raw 264.7 and primary bone marrow-derived macrophages. The non-viral method using the pCGfd vector encoding anti-EGFR single-chain Fv fused with Fc (scFv-Fc) generated the macrophages secreting anti-EGFR scFv-Fc. These macrophages effectively phagocytized tumor cells expressing EGFR through the antibody-dependent mechanism, as was proved by experiments using EGFR-knockout tumor cells. Finally, peri-tumoral injections of anti-EGFR scFv-Fc-secreting macrophages were shown to inhibit tumor growth in the xenograft mouse model.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.374-380
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• 2017

Pine wilt disease (PWD) is one of the hazardous pine tree diseases in whole world. In Korea, PWD has been spreading since it was first observed in Busan in 1988. Dispersion of PWD is mainly mediated by its vectors such as Japanese pine sawyer. In this study, we characterized environmental condition including meteorological factors, geographical factors, and land use factors influencing on the occurrence of PWD. The occurrence data of PWD were collected at 153 sites where were the initial occurrence sites of PWD in local government regions such as city, Gun, or Gu scale. We used Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) to evaluate the relative importance of environmental variables on the discrimination of occurrence or absence of PWD. The results showed that altitude, slope, and distance to road were the most influential factors on the occurrence of PWD, followed by distance to building. Finally, our study presented that human activities highly influenced on the long term dispersal of PWD.