• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.465-474
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• 2020

This study investigates how financial resources and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) may influence the performance of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Twenty-seven interviews were conducted and evaluated using the method of GABEK® (A GAnzheitliche BEwältigung von Komplexität - holistic processing of complexity). The research demonstrated that access to financial resources has significantly mediated EO's effect on the SMEs' performance. The study found that financial autonomy, enhanced through both personal financing and availability of external finance sources, plays a central role in supporting the EO dimension of autonomy and enhancing the SMEs' performance. In particular, the other EO dimension of risk-taking is stymied by lack of funds with which to take commercial and market opportunities. However, when an innovation strategy is pursued and adopted, access to finance can be facilitated, either through financial institutions or through other governmental funding programs attracting high potential innovators. Furthermore, financial barriers, difficulties accessing bank financing, and legal issues have a detrimental impact on SMEs' growth. The study has implications for policy-makers in the UAE, specifically in terms of sending a signal for lending institutions to consider strategies that provide access to affordable financial services to satisfy SMEs' needs.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.445-450
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• 2020

This research investigates the role of entrepreneurial leadership in micro-enterprise development in the district of Majalengka in West Java, Indonesia. This study applied a qualitative content analysis method to understand the phenomenon of micro-enterprises comprehensively. The data of this research was collected using surveys, interviews, and a group discussion. The findings indicated that technological information adaptation plays a crucial role in the development of micro-enterprise development. Since the group of millennials dominated the leadership, it has provided more creativity by implementing technological information instead of the previous generation that faced difficulties in adopting the technology. This study noted that inadequate technology adaptation makes micro-business gradually lose customers, and the business was threatened to close. Meanwhile, the role of leadership drives the business development, sales have risen, the number of products has been increasingly diverse, and business capital and number of employees have grown. The establishment of an entrepreneur group could facilitate peer-to-peer contact, knowledge transfer, training, and intervention to enhance leadership and business development. This finding pointed out that the leadership will successfully influence business development when supported by several characteristics such as manage the business, capture opportunities, confidence, firmness, personal integrity, communication, and social and technical expertise.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.17-26
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• 2022

Purpose - In this paper, we aim to analyze to what extent entrepreneurial orientation (EO) can help overcome Korean SMEs' liabilities of foreignness in overseas markets. In this end, we examined three sub-dimensions of EO (proactiveness, innovativeness, risk-taking) and examine their individual effects on NPD performance of exporting SMEs. Research design, data, and methodology - We collected survey questionnaires from Korean exporting SMEs that are certified with Inno-biz by the Korean Ministry of SMEs and Startups. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS 26 and AMOS to create an integrated model. Result - As a result of the analysis, we found that proactiveness and innovativeness dimension of EO have positive effect on new product performance of exporting SMEs. Furthermore, technological uncertainty has negative moderating effect between innovativeness and new product performance of SMEs. Conclusion - While proactive attitude and innovativeness of EO positively affected the performance of new products of SMEs, the tendency to take risks and pursue opportunities with bold behaviors did not have a positive effect on NPD performance in foreign nations.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.45-61
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• 2023

The start-up rate is increasing due to the government's start-up support policy, but it is true that the continuous survival rate and growth rate of companies are lower than that of the start-up rate. As part of increasing the survival and growth rate of startups, the importance of start-up mentoring has been highlighted, and companies selected for the Government's startup support project are increasingly having mentoring opportunities for corporate growth. In order to determine the relationship between start-up mentoring and entrepreneurial alertness as a way to generate management performance, this study examined how start-up mentoring affects entrepreneurial alertness and management performance. In addition, the government's support project was divided into companies with less than three years of start-up and companies with more than three years of experience, which are the criteria for early and leap companies, and analyzed whether each group has a moderating effect. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the mentoring problem-solving function had a significant effect on the ability to evaluate entrepreneurial alertness, and the motivation function of mentoring had a significant effect on all factors of entrepreneurial alertness. In addition, although mentoring functions did not have a moderating effect on entrepreneurial alertness depending on the work history between companies less than 3 years and companies for more than 3 years, there was a difference in factors affecting entrepreneurial alertness between groups with low and high work history. The implications of this study can contribute to the advancement of start-up mentoring programs by studying the impact of mentoring factors on entrepreneurial alertness when providing mentoring to start-up companies selected for the government's start-up support project.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.17-32
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• 2023

The entrepreneurial activities of college students play a significant role in modern economic and social development, particularly as a solution to the changing economic landscape and youth unemployment issues. Introducing innovative ideas and technologies into the market through entrepreneurship can contribute to sustainable economic growth and social value. Additionally, the entrepreneurial intentions of college students are shaped by various factors, making it crucial to deeply understand and appropriately support these elements. To this end, this study systematically explores the importance and impact of role models through a multiple serial mediation analysis. Through a survey of 300 college students, the study analyzed how two psychological variables, growth mindset and entrepreneurial self-efficacy, mediate the influence of role models on entrepreneurial intentions. The presence and success stories of role models were found to enhance the growth mindset of college students, which in turn boosts their entrepreneurial self-efficacy and ultimately strengthens their entrepreneurial intentions. The analysis revealed that exposure to role models significantly influences the formation of a growth mindset among college students. This mindset fosters a positive attitude towards viewing challenges and failures in entrepreneurship as learning opportunities. Such a mindset further enhances entrepreneurial self-efficacy, thereby strengthening the intention to engage in entrepreneurial activities. This research offers insights by integrating various theories, such as mindset theory and social learning theory, to deeply understand the complex process of forming entrepreneurial intentions. Practically, this study provides important guidelines for the design and implementation of college entrepreneurship education. Utilizing role models can significantly enhance students' entrepreneurial intentions, and educational programs can strengthen students' growth mindset and entrepreneurial self-efficacy by sharing entrepreneurial experiences and knowledge through role models. In conclusion, this study provides a systematic and empirical analysis of the various factors and their complex interactions that impact the entrepreneurial intentions of college students. It confirms that psychological factors like growth mindset and entrepreneurial self-efficacy play a significant role in shaping entrepreneurial intentions, beyond mere information or technical education. This research emphasizes that these psychological factors should be comprehensively considered when developing and implementing policies and programs related to college entrepreneurship education.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.15-27
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• 2016

This paper examined the effects of youth entrepreneurship on entrepreneurial intention. Especially, we considered scholastic performance as a moderator on the relationship between youth entrepreneurship and their entrepreneurial intention. An empirical analysis on 251 students attending their third year of Suncheon High School revealed the following results. First, the youth entrepreneurship(risk taking, innovativeness and proactiveness) significantly positive affected entrepreneurial intention. The result corresponds to what many preceding studies emphasize, implying that when risk taking, which enables perseverance through uncertain situations, increases; innovativeness, which enables breaking away from existing frameworks, increases; and proactiveness, which creates new opportunities through future-oriented behavior, increase, the entrepreneurial intention of teenagers also increases. Second, a review of the interaction effect of scholastic performance discovered evidence that scholastic performance moderates the relationship between proactiveness and entrepreneurial intention of youth toward a negative(-) direction. In other words, proactiveness positively effects on entrepreneurial intention, but higher scholastic performance imply that such positive tendencies become weakened. The results of the present study will be able to provide significant theoretical and practical implications in carrying out follow-up studies on the youth entrepreneurship, which has been, up to now, relatively neglected.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.197-208
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• 2020

The firms must perform both exploitation activities that efficiently use current resources and exploration activities that capture new opportunities. A company that simultaneously performs two opposite attributes, exploitation and exploration activities, is called an 'Ambidexerity Organization' or 'Organizational ambidexterity', which is called the Ambidextrous organization. This study examines whether the key factors of entrepreneurial orientation affect a firm's performance using two-handed strategies, and empirically analyzes the moderating effects of environmental dynamics. The results show that the entrepreneurial orientation has a significant effect on a firm's performance in the Ambidextrous organization. In addition, the moderating effect of environmental dynamics showed a moderating effect on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and organizational ambidexterity. This study not only suggests practical implications for SMEs, including venture firms and startups, but also has a significant impact on the relationship between organizational ambidexterity and a firm's performance. It is expected to make academic contributions by introducing variables and analyzing influential relationships.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-25
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• 2021

Technological propensity of agricultural entrepreneurs is becoming necessary to identify and explore new opportunities. Recent studies suggest that the adoption of new technologies is strictly coherent with wider approaches of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO). Even if the relevance of agriculture is increasing, entrepreneurial research has largely overlooked this challenging sector. Moreover, there is a relative shortage of empirical studies in the literature and there is an enormous potential to be still explored. Stemming from the EO literature, the work proposes for the agricultural sector, the approach of Humane Entrepreneurial Orientation (HEO). The paper proposes an empirical analysis, to verify the effect of the different dimensions of HEO on the propensity of farmers to adopt new technologies. All the results highlight several implications for businesses, for the research system and for public policies.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.320-338
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• 2022

This article examines how and why entrepreneurship differs by region concerning the history of Korea's entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs). Through a qualitative analysis of 19 interviews, this article compares the history and components of Seoul National University and KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) EEs. First, these ecosystems emerged around 1996 and are currently experiencing the second startup boom, with various supporting organizations and actors involved. Second, these ecosystems revealed differences concerning material, social and cultural attributes. Third, differences in the networking of the two ecosystems are due to different regional cultures, which allow individuals to interpret entrepreneurial opportunities. In other words, the maintenance and development of EEs are cultural in essence and display regional variation.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.149-165
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• 2016

The objectives of this study is to assess the influence of individual characteristics and economic environment on the entrepreneurship such as entrepreneurial Intention and behavior based on the theory of Planned behaviors. This study used a country-level merged data set composed of GEM(Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) data and the OECD Statistics data. And this used the fixed effect model to analyze the panel data of 31 OECD countries during the period from 2005 to 2014. Our findings show that subjective norm has a significantly positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. In individual characteristics, the perceived opportunities has a significantly positive effect on early-stage entrepreneurial activity(TEA) and improvement-driven opportunity entrepreneurial activity. We identify the differences of between necessity-driven and improvement-driven opportunity entrepreneurial activity. For example, the effect on necessity-driven entrepreneurial activity is significantly negative. We also find the differences of between necessity-driven and improvement-driven opportunity entrepreneurial activity in economic environment variables. While real GDP growth as a demand variable has a significantly positive effect on necessity-driven entrepreneurial activity, unemployment rate as a supply variable has a significantly negative effect on early-stage entrepreneurial activity(TEA) and improvement-driven opportunity entrepreneurial activity. And GDP per capita as a supply variable has a significantly positive effect on early-stage entrepreneurial activity(TEA) and improvement-driven opportunity entrepreneurial activity. But the effect on necessity-driven entrepreneurial activity is significantly negative. We provide an interpretation of these empirical findings, emphasizing the importance of considering individual characteristics and economic environment simultaneously in promoting entrepreneurship.