• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.245-251
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• 2017

Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is a procurement method that has been proved to improve construction project performance. However, in China implementation of IPD practices in construction projects is unknown though some researchers have studied the problems and constraints in adoption IPD. The purpose of this study was to explore IPD adoption in Chinese construction industry. Critical components of IPD implementation were reviewed, and questionnaires were distributed to collect industry views. The results revealed that IPD uptake is still low. In particular, the liability waiver and shared risks and rewards have been rarely used. In addition, co-location, value engineering method and the new compensation approach have also been hardly adopted. Some practices related to early involvement of key parties were adopted. Surprisingly, the findings indicate that the client has been continuously involved in the projects. The findings may imply that the legal issues and problems of contractual frameworks are still constraining IPD implementation in Chinese construction industry.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.317-321
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• 2006

The investigation of the formation of organic sulfur compounds (i.e., odor species), mainly methyl mercaptan and demethyl suifide, during kraft pulping has been conducted, in which both hardwood and softwood species were used. It was discovered that there is an organic sulfur compounds formation phase transition point with respect to delignification extent. The transition point occurs at a kappa number of approximately 35 and 20 for softwoods and hardwoods, respectively. The results also showed that both low sulfidity and anthraquinone (AQ) addition are helpful to control the formation of theses organic sulfur compounds during kraft pulping. Whereas Hexenuronic acid (HexA) has contribution to Kappa number, the extended delignification not only lead to low pulp yield, but also be adverse to odor control. A significant in-digester odor reduction can be achieved if the pulping is to be terminated before phase transition point and combined with AQ addition.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.21
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• pp.9341-9346
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• 2014

Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L) Merr (AT) is commonly used as an herbal medicine and edible plant in some areas of China and other Asian countries. AT is thought to have anticancer effects, but potential mechanisms remain unknown. To assess the anticancer properties of AT, we exposed prostate cancer cells to AT extracts and assessed cell proliferation and signaling pathways. An ethanol extract of AT was suspended in water followed by sequential extraction with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. PC-3 cells were treated with different concentrations of each extract and cell viability was determined by the MTT and trypan blue exclusion assays. The ethyl acetate extract of the ethanol extract had a stronger inhibitory effect on growth and a stronger stimulatory effect on apoptosis than any of the other extracts. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the ethyl acetate extract suppressed the transcriptional activity of NF-${\kappa}B$, increased the level of caspase-3, and decreased the levels of phospho-Erk1/2 and phospho-Akt. This is the first report on the anticancer activity of AT in cultured human prostate cancer cells. The results suggest that AT can provide a plant-based medicine for the treatment or prevention of prostate cancer.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.35-39
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of the experiment was to evaluating the diagnostic ability of dental caries detection using digital subtraction in the artificial caries activity model. Materials and Methods: Digital radiographies of five teeth with 8 proximal surfaces were obtained by CCD sensor (Kodak RVG 6100 using a size #2). The digital radiographic images and subtraction images from artificial proximal caries were examined and interpreted. In this study, we proposed novel caries detection method which could diagnose the dental proximal caries from single digital radiographic image. Results: In artificial caries activity model, the range of lesional depth was $572-1,374{\mu}m$ and the range of lesional area was $36.95-138.52mm^2$. The lesional depth and the area were significantly increased with demineralization time (p<0.001). Furthermore, the proximal caries detection using digital subtraction radiography showed high detection rate compared to the proximal caries examination using simple digital radiograph. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that the digital subtraction radiography from single radiographic image of artificial caries was highly efficient in the detection of dental caries compared to the data from simple digital radiograph.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.62-70
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to derive implications for improving related policies and evaluation criteria in the future by analyzing trends of evaluation criteria for industry-university cooperation in Korea. For this purpose, five surveys on industry-university cooperation by government departments, major general university evaluations, and evaluation indicators of specialized industry-university evaluations by the Ministry of Education were analyzed. As a result, most of the evaluation criteria for domestic industry-university cooperation have been composed of quantitative indicators and have a limited character as quantitative performance management for government projects. Although the Ministry of Education's evaluation criteria for industry-university cooperation projects has gradually changed to a segmented index considering universities, industries, and regions, it needs to be supplemented for sustainability of industry-university cooperation. In order to promote sustainable industry-university cooperation in the future, it was suggested that first, it is necessary to supplementation of qualitative Indicators considering each university's characteristics, second, the composition of indicators related to reflect on demand in the process of the cooperation, and third, to build a virtuous cycle system for future operation of evaluation criteria.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.78-85
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• 2013

A high thermal conductivity material, namely graphene is treated by planetary ball milling machine to transport the heat by increasing the temperature. Experiments were performed to assess the heat transfer enhancement benefits of coating the bottom wall of copper substrate with graphene. It is well known that the graphene is unable to disperse into base fluid without any treatment, which is due to the several reasons such as attachment of hydrophobic surface, agglomeration and impurity. To further improve the dispersibility and thermal characteristics, planetary ball milling approach is used to grind the raw samples at optimized condition. The results are examined by transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, Raman spectrometer, UV-spectrometer, thermal conductivity and thermal imager. Thermal conductivity measurements of structures are taken to support the explanation of heat transfer properties of different samples. As a result, it is found that the planetary ball milling approach is effective for improvement of both the dispersion and heat carriers of carbon based material. Indeed, the heat transfer of the ground graphene coated substrate was higher than that of the copper substrate with raw graphene.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.66-71
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• 2016

The measurements of heat transfer and total friction factors for turbulent flows in the convergent rectangular channels with two opposite in-line ribbed walls are reported. The study has covered three different angled ribs ($30^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$) and Reynolds number in the range of 22,000 to 75,000. The channel, composing of ten isolated copper sections in the length of test section of 1 m, has the channel convergence ratio of $D_{ho}/D_{hi}=0.67$. The results show that the ribs pointing downstream (${\wedge}-shaped$) is somewhat greater than the ribs pointing upstream (V-shaped) in the dimensionless Nusselt number and total friction factors.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.51-60
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• 2013

The paper addresses an issue of industry-joint engineering education paradigm with the purpose of setting a new standard for engineering education by development and support of competitive curriculum for the interdisciplinary team-based product development, a specialized and innovative engineering education program. In the department of MSDE (Mechanical and System Design Engineering), students are educated via three major courses for targeting engineering design, Creative Engineering Design (freshman), Design Process (Senior), and Creative Product Development (Junior). All these courses are based on personal tool exercises for design software and hardware and team-project group activities of the students with other team members. This paper will briefly discuss the main focuses of these courses and case studies of the teaching results targeting the development of telecommunication device.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.17 no.31
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• pp.141-154
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• 1994

This thesis looks out for the korean trade present condition of the korean machinery industry through time series data, analyze the problem about machinery industry by deepening the trade imbalance between JAPANESE and KOEA (The trabe balance of payment about machinery between JAPANESE and KOREA, US＄7,750,000,000 in 1992, us＄8,450,000 in 1993,US＄9,500,000,000 in 1994 forecast), have shown a reform measure of the balance of payment with indicate the importance of rearing the machinery industry.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.1141-1149
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• 2003

Refractory industry in technologically advanced countries has long been on gradual decline due to leveled-off steel production and decreasing unit consumption of refractories for steel. Notable technological achievements by refractory industry that contributed significantly to steel production are briefly reviewed covering from blast furnace, basic oxygen furnace to continuous casting. Future possibility to revitalize the refractory industry is discussed on the basis of the review, taking into account opportunities available in environment and energy related sector of industries.