• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제53권1호
• /
• pp.129-143
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the mediating effects of clinical nurses' job crafting on organizational effectiveness based on the job demands-resources model proposed by Bakker and Demerouti (2017). Methods: The participants consisted of 393 nurses working in nursing units of a tertiary general hospital located in Cheongju region. The data, collected using questionnaire from August 9 to August 20, 2021, were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 27.0. Results: The goodness-of-fit (GoF) test results on the modified model (χ² = 2.7, GFI = .94, SRMR = .03, RMSEA = .06, NFI = .92, CFI = .94, TLI = .92, AGFI = .90), indicated that the GoF index satisfied the recommended level. Regarding the effects of each variable on organizational effectiveness, job crafting showed statistically significant direct (β = .48, p < .001), indirect (β = .23, p < .001), and total effects (β = .71, p < .001). Burnout showed statistically significant direct effect (β = - .17, p < .001). Work engagement showed statistically significant direct (β = .41, p < .001) and total effects (β = .41, p < .001). The factors explaining organizational effectiveness were job crafting, burnout, and work engagement, which had an explanatory power of 76.7%. Conclusion: Nurses' job crafting is an important mediating factor for enhancing the organizational effectiveness of nursing organizations. Hospitals should develop job-crafting success cases and related education and training programs as a strategy for enhancing the job crafting of nurses and, consequently organizational effectiveness.

• 과학교육연구지
• /
• 제47권2호
• /
• pp.154-166
• /
• 2023

물리적 도구와 가상도구가 가진 서로 다른 도구적 특성은 사용자의 지식획득과 개념 이해에 있어 각기 다른 기제로 작용하여 학습에 영향을 미친다고 알려져 왔다. 본 개관연구는 문헌고찰을 통해 물리적 도구와 가상도구의 사용을 통한 학습과정을 도구가 부여하는 행동유도성의 관점과 인지적 개입의 깊이에 따른 관점에서 정리하였다. 또한 이를 바탕으로 기존에 수행된 물리적 도구와 가상도구의 사용을 통한 학습수행 정도를 비교한 연구의 결과들을 재해석하였다. 비록 물리적 도구와 가상도구의 사용에 있어 각기 다른 행동유도성이 관여되긴 하지만 실제 학습에 영향을 미치는 요인은 가상도구를 사용하느냐 혹은 물리적 도구를 사용하느냐가 아니라, 도구가 제공하는 새롭고 부가적인 정보의 양과 학습자가 도구를 이용한 다양한 학습활동을 통해 개념을 이해하는 과정에서 발생하는 인지적 개입의 깊이에 달려 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 교사들이 물리적 및 가상도구를 사용하여 학생들의 개념 이해를 돕기 위한 학습 시 행동유도성과 인지적 개입의 관점에서 수업 계획을 세울 때 고려해야 할 시사점을 제시하였다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.79-95
• /
• 2002

This paper is to make strides toward an enriched understanding of student learning and performance in mathematics that acknowledges the roles social and cultural contexts play in what students learn as well as what we are able to team about student learning. A student's mathematical practice over a year and a half is presented in detail in order to explore the relationships between classroom contexts and student performance. This study was situated at a K-4 urban elementary school in the United States. The data used for this study included classroom observations, interviews with the teachers and the student, and document collection. The data were analyzed by characterizing each classroom context and exploring the student's practice both in the classrooms and in the interviews. Despite the student's ongoing status as a struggling student, there were tremendous changes in his level of engagement in and persistence with mathematical tasks. The student was substantially more engaged in and enthusiastic about the daily mathematics lessons in third grade than he had been in second. However, we found little improvement in his mathematical understanding and performance during class or in the interviews. This highlights that increased engagement in the mathematical tasks does not necessarily signal increased learning. This paper discusses several issues of learning and performance raised by the student, looking at the relationship between classroom context and student performance. This paper also considers implications for how students' performances are interpreted and how learning is assessed.

• International Journal of Contents
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2017

This paper studies the effect of flipping the classroom in undergraduate physics classes using English as the medium of instruction (EMI). Data on student use of learning strategies, course satisfaction level and perceptions of the flipped classes were collected through a survey including close-ended and open-ended questions. The sample size was 71 students in flipped classes, with 60 students in non-flipped classes used as a control group (total N=131). It was found that students in the flipped classes showed greater intrinsic goal orientation (p<.05), control of learning beliefs (p<.05), and use of critical thinking (p<.01) than those in the non-flipped classes. While the survey highlighted problems of student engagement with the pre-class activities, students who had previous experience with online classes committed more time to pre-class, suggesting that engagement may improve with exposure to blended learning. It is concluded that the flipped classroom helps students develop their identities as self-directed learners, but that more support is necessary for weaker students in the EMI context. Implications are drawn for the content design of flipped EMI classrooms.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권11호
• /
• pp.297-305
• /
• 2021

The study aims to investigate loyalty rewards programs on customers' satisfaction in Jordanian banks, and to investigate the statistical differences in loyalty rewards programs and customers' satisfaction according to demographics such as age, sex, education level, duration of engagement with bank, and the type of bank. The study is based on the data obtained from the sample. The questionnaire is the tool for collecting data from the respondents. The study materials include website resources, regular books, journals, and articles. The study population consists customers in the banking sector. The figures indicate that number of actual customers reaches 2.06 million. The sample size requirement is 386 items. Customers are split between traditional and Islamic banks, with 231 and 155 customers respectively. The stratified random sampling technique and the structural equations modeling methodology were used. The results show moderated impact of the loyalty rewards programs on customers' satisfaction. The results show statistical differences in the loyalty rewards programs and customers' satisfaction according to the engagement period with the bank only. The findings suggest better managing the loyalty programs and developing one credit card for all banks in Jordan.

• 한국간호교육학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.305-316
• /
• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct a structural equation model of organizational commitment in hospital nurses based on a job demands-resources model and to confirm the moderating effect(s) according to the nurses' generation. Methods: The model was constructed of the exogenous variables of social support, emotional intelligence, emotional labor, and job conflict and the endogenous variables of burnout, job engagement, and organizational commitment. The participants were 560 hospital nurses working in 3 general hospitals. Data were collected from August 1 to September 30, 2021, and analyzed using SPSS Window 23.0 and IBM AMOS 23.0. Results: The strongest factor directly influencing hospital nurses' organizational commitment was social support. In a multiple group analysis, nurses' generation had a partial moderating effect. In a generation-specific analysis, the Z generation group was higher than the X and Y generation groups in the variables of emotional labor and burnout related to organizational commitment. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, to improve hospital nurses' organizational commitment, social support is needed as an important management strategy. At the organizational level, we need to develop ways to improve organizational commitment by reducing the emotional labor and burnout of Generation Z.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.37-59
• /
• 2021

Purpose - Although models of innovation and exporting dominate recent studies of relations between innovation and access to foreign markets, relations between innovation and foreign direct investment (FDI) are less explored. This is especially true of relations between types of innovation and FDI. We fill that gap in the literature with empirical evidence that clarifies whether firms enter foreign markets through exports or FDI. Design/methodology - In order to assess the role of innovation in firms' international engagement strategies, we develop research hypotheses and present new empirical evidence on firms' choice of entry - exports and FDI - based on firm-level data. Findings - Our empirical results suggest that the impact of product innovation is more significant in transition from being a purely domestic firm to an exporter, while process innovation more significantly affect transition from being an exporter to a multinational enterprise. Our results also support 'self-selection into FDI' rather than 'learning-by-performing FDI' in the relationship between innovation and firms' overseas expansion. Originality/value - Recent literature on the relationship between innovation and firms' participation in foreign markets is dominated by models of innovation and export behavior. However, foreign direct investment by multinational enterprises may also be associated with firms' innovative activities. We first analyze how product and process innovations influence firms' choices to initiate exports or FDI.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.235-245
• /
• 2023

This study examines the low performance of state civil servants related (ASN) to the management of public transportation at the Directorate of Road Transport (DRT), Ministry of Transportation, Indonesia. This study surveyed 103 ASNs, using a quantitative approach using the Amos SEM software. The results showed that Knowledge Sharing (KS) and Work Engagement (WE) directly influenced Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) as well as Job Performance (JP). Meanwhile, IWB had a significant, direct effect on JP and acts as a full mediator in the effect of KS and WE on JP. The descriptive data obtained also showed that respondents' statements based on gender have differences related to the IWB variable, where on average, women were better than men. However, for other variables (JP, KS, and WE), the data showed that, on average, the statements of male respondents were better than women. This study recommends that the DRT pay attention to IWB as a key factor mediating KS and WE towards increasing JP by maintaining the best indicators and improving the weakest indicators. Furthermore, this study recommends that future research refine these results by adding the variables of gender and educational level of the respondents.

• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.133-148
• /
• 2014

People enthusiastic about human brands eagerly engage in fan communities to share their common interests with others. Although sharing one's enthusiasm towards the same celebrities can give thempositive senses of we-ness (in-group identity, togetherness, camaraderie) and belongingness, negative sides also exist such as schadenfreude and trash talk. Even though the studies addressing the negative sides of fan community are gaining significance, no prior studies formally examined the negative consequences of engaging in a fan community and their effect on one's well-being. Therefore, this current study aims to investigate how engaging in fan community negatively affects members' psychological well-being through schadenfreude and trash talk. Structural equation modeling analysis revealed that engaging highly in a fan community leads members to feel malicious pleasure at rivals' misfortunes and share negative opinions of rival human brands and fan communities. These negative consequences of fan community engagement ultimately lead to a lower level of psychological wellbeing, especially in the area of personal growth whereas fan community engagement has a direct positive effect on personal growth. By showing the negative influences of engaging in fan communities on members' well-being through schadenfreude and trash talk, the results of this study are expected to add depth to the existing literature.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.135-145
• /
• 2022

To improve audit quality, certain Chinese auditing firms have added a third-level review by an additional signing auditor to the general evaluation by a signing auditor team consisting of an engagement auditor and a partner. Nonetheless, our research-based on 36,033 firm-year observations from 2004 to 2019 reveals that compared to the general review system, auditor teams under the three-level review system are less likely to issue modified audit opinions when abnormal financial conditions arise. This finding suggests that, while larger auditor teams' knowledge, experience, and information advantages can theoretically sharpen their judgment, their performance is more susceptible to interference from divergent opinions, the diffusion of responsibility, and lower energy invested by individual auditors, ultimately impairing their judgment regarding the audited enterprises' abnormal financial conditions. That is, the three-level review system, which aims to improve audit quality, actually worsens audit quality. This conclusion remains valid after the problems of heteroscedasticity and endogeneity are addressed by using firm-level cluster robust standard errors and two-stage regression. We hope that our research will draw the attention of auditing firms, prompting them to reconsider the rationality of the three-level review system.