• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1192-1196
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• 2009

Recently, the environment contamination problem and energy saving are the social issues. So, the Green IT based Smart Grid was suggested. The smart grid will let rates fluctuate even more dynamically, depending on conditions using energy. Thus, green IT includes the dimensions of environmental sustainability and the economics of energy efficiency. The smart controller in which it is controlled by DR in order to manage the energy consumption by using AMI is needed in order to apply its technology to the real life. In this paper, DR_WTIM of the IEEE1451.5 base which has the DR function for connecting to AMI of the wireless base is developed. By using this apparatus for the power control system, the energy saving effect is shown. Moreover, by using the IEEE1451.5 technology, the problem of energy consumption is solved in order to apply to power controller designed for efficient use energy.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.146-153
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• 2013

CNG buses has contributed to improve air quality in cities. But it is difficult to meet the next emission regulations such as EURO-VI without the help of additional post-processing device. Hydorgen has higher flame speed and lower combustion temperature that make it thermal efficiency increase with leaner operation. Using hydrogen natural gas blend (HCNG) fuel is promising technology which can reduce $NO_x$ and $CO_2$ emissions for a natural gas vehicle. However, fuel flow rate of HCNG should be increased since hydrogen's energy density per volume is much smaller than natural gas. In the present study, the characteristics of fuel supply system and its applicability were evaluated in a heavy duty natural gas engine. The results showed that the potential of fuel pressure regulator and fuel metering valve had enough capacity with HCNG. Employed mixer did not affect the distribution characteristics of mixture.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.617-634
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• 2022

Purpose: This paper introduces Pohang University of Science Technology (POSTECH) advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) and Open Innovation Big Data Center (OIBC) platform and analysis results of electricity consumption data collected via the AMI in POSTECH campus. Methods: We installed 248 sensors in seven buildings at POSTECH for the AMI and collected electricity consumption data from the buildings. To identify the amounts and trends of electricity consumption of the seven buildings, electricity consumption data collected from March to June 2019 were analyzed. In addition, this study compared the differences between the amounts and trends of electricity consumption of the seven buildings before and after the COVID-19 outbreak by using electricity consumption data collected from March to June 2019 and 2020. Results: Users can monitor, visualize, and download electricity consumption data collected via the AMI on the OIBC platform. The analysis results show that the seven buildings consume different amounts of electricity and have different consumption trends. In addition, the amounts of most buildings were significantly reduced after the COVID-19 outbreak. Conclusion: POSTECH AMI and OIBC platform can be a good reference for other universities that prepare their own microgrid. The analysis results provides a proof that POSTECH needs to establish customized strategies on reducing electricity for each building. Such results would be useful for energy-efficient operation and preparation of unusual energy consumptions due to unexpected situations like the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Architectural Sustainable Environment and Building Systems
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.627-640
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• 2018

Submetering electricity consumption data enables more detail input of end use components, such as lighting, plug, HVAC, and occupancy in building energy modeling. However, such an modeling efforts and results are rarely tried and published in terms of the estimation accuracy of electricity demand. In this research, actual submetering data obtained from a university building is analyzed and provided for building energy modeling practice. As alternative modeling cases, conventional modeling method (Case-1), using reference schedule per building usage, and main metering data based modeling method (Case-2) are established. Detail efforts are added to derive prototypical schedules from the metered data by introducing variability index. The simulation results revealed that Case-1 showed the largest error as we can expect. And Case-2 showed comparative error relative to Case-3 in terms of total electricity estimation. But Case-2 showed about two times larger error in CV (RMSE) in lighting energy demand due to lack of End Use consumption information.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1988.11a
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• pp.140-144
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• 1988

This paper describes requirements for cogenerating in parallel with utility. Cogenerating is the simultaneous generation of energy in two or more forms, usally electricity and heat. Cogeneration is most energy efficient when generating in paralled will the electric utility, but requires proper control and protection. When onsite generation and utility systems are operated in parallel, there are many factors. such as operation mode. point of connection, grounding, synchronizalion. protective relaying, metering, and the like, that must be considered to provide safe and efficient operation.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.10
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• pp.2052-2058
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• 2009

The standardized and open information model called common language and information exchange format should be firstly defined for the interoperable power system and two-way information exchange among the components of the power system. The information models and information exchange formats for power facilities and power system applications are being defined in power system area, but the information model and information exchange format for the consumer area are not being yet defined besides of metering information model. An architecture and open standard for the information exchange between energy service provider and consumer are required to provide various value added services through the networking with devices in consumer premise. In this paper, an architecture for the two-way communications between energy service provider and consumer is defined and psXML(power system XML) for the information exchange is designed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.1009-1011
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• 2011

With the growth of Smart Grid technologies, security and privacy will become the most important issues and more attention should be paid. There are some existing solutions about anonymization of smart meters, however, they still have some potential threats. In this paper, we describe an enhanced method to protect the privacy of consumer data. When metering data are required by a utility or the electrical energy distribution center for operational reasons, data are delivered not with the real IDs but with temporary IDs. In addition, these temporary IDs are changed randomly to prevent the attackers from analyzing the energy usage patterns. We also describe secure data transmission method for securing data delivered. In this way, we can enhance the privacy of Smart Grid System with low overhead.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.11b
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• pp.54-56
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• 2007

DLMS(Device Language Message Specification) 메시지 규약과 COSEM(Companion Specification for Energy Metering) 오브젝트 모델링 기법을 채택한 계량기 통신 및 오브젝트 모델 표준인 IEC62056은 계량기의 상호 운용, 관리, 보안 그리고 계략 데이터 모델링에 대한 방법 등을 기술하고 있으며 TCP-UDP, GPRS, PSTN등의 원격 접속을 위한 프로파일을 지원하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 DLMS계량기의 계량 데이터를 수집 및 관리하는 IEC6056 기반의 energy information concentrator(이하 EIC)를 제안한다 이 중계장치는 COSEM 오브젝트로 구성되어 있는 DLMS 계량기를 EIC의 논리장치로 모델링하여 등록 관리하는 새로운 개념의 DLMS 중계장치이다. 쉽게 말해서 IEC62056을 따르는 DLMS 클라이언트에서 EIC를 바라볼 때 여러 개의 논리 장치를 가지는 DLMS 장치로 인식이 된다. EIC는 특성상 기능적으로 크게 두 부분으로 나누어지는데, 상위 시스템과의 인터페이스를 담당하는 서버부분과 계량기로부터 데이터를 수집하는 클라이언트 부분이다. 서버 부분은 계량 데이터 오브젝트 관리 모듈 부분과 TCP/IP서버 모듈로 나누어지며 클라이언트 부분은 DLMS 계량기 스케줄링 부분과 DLMS 클라이언트 부분으로 나누어진다. 개발된 EIC는 최대 111대까지의 계량기를 지원 관리할 수 있으며, 각 1Mbit 용량의 오브젝트를 구성 할 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.265-267
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• 2018

This paper addresses the study of wired and wireless gateway with IoT Standard. The gateway that we develop through this study is designed to be utilized for collection energy information among various serveces. It is aimed at the role as an Advanced Metering Infrastructure which is a core infrastructure for Smargrid services. To this end, the gateway has a structure that can apply the IoT standard and the network technology used in the Smartgrid. These gateway can be applied with small and medium energy consumer that require energy information collection.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.7B
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• pp.848-857
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• 2011

Due to the advantages of a conveniet, inexpensive installation, flexibility, and scalability, Wireless AMR systems are recently preferred over wired AMR systems. However, a multi-hop supported AMR network, which generally covers large areas, may create energy wastage problem, energy unbalance, and high interference hazard due to a large amount of concurrent-intensive metering data in the network. Therefore in this paper we propose a novel data gathering method which can solve abovementioned problems as well as conserve energy, by reducing the traffic in the network. In addition, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme shows superior performance to the conventional data transmission method.