• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.1349-1354
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of Korean red ginseng water extract (KRG WE) on clinical chemical parameters in male guinea pigs acutely exposed to 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo p dioxin(TCDD). Forty male guinea pigs(200 $\pm$20g) were divided into 4 groups. Normal controls(group 1) received vehicle and saline; group 2(single TCDD treated) received TCDD(5 g/kg, single dose) intraperitoneally; group 3 received KRG WE(200mg/kg, i.p.) for 2 weeks from 1 week before TCDD exposure; group 4 received KRG WE for 1 week since the day of TCDD exposure. Increase in body weight was retarded greatly by TCDD exposure. Body weight of animals in group 2 was significantly decreased starting 2 days after TCDD exposure. However, body weight of animals in group 3 increased throughout the experimental period, although the increasing rate was slower than that of group 1. Decrease in body weight was not observed during the experimental period in group 4. Increases in blood glucose, amylase, lipase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, GOT, GPT, and LDH levels by TCDD intoxication were significantly attenuated by the KRG WE treatment(p<0.05). These results provide a strong evidence that Korean red ginseng might be a useful protective agent against TCDD, an endocrine disruptor.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.397-401
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• 2004

We have examined congenital malformation in developing chick embryo caused by endocrine disruptor, bisphenol A (BPA). We injected BPA into the air sac of developing egg on day 4 of incubation. BPA-treated group with a concentration of 10 ㎍/egg showed a little decrease on their body length compared to the untreated group. But the group treated with 50㎍/egg revealed severe malformation in eyeballs and bills. The group treated with 100㎍/egg could not continue their development after few days of incubation. These results indicate that BPA clearly inhibits the normal development in chick and it should be toxic to the developing fetus at early stage and in various tissues. The study should contribute to the understanding of toxic effect of BPA in developing human fetus when exposed to the BPA.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2002년도 Current Trends in Toxicological Sciences
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• pp.98-98
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• 2002

Di-n-butyl phthalate(DBP) is one of the most commonly used phthalic acid esters(PAEs). It is extensively used as a plasticizer in elastomers and explosives, as a solvent for printing inks and resins and as a textile lubricating agent. It is also present in the formulations of various cosmetic products.(omitted)

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2020

Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disease, worldwide, whose true prevalence is uncertain because it is a difficult disease to diagnose. Endometriosis is a common cause of chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and infertility, and is also associated with ovarian cancer. Although the risk factors for endometriosis are unclear, there is increasing evidence that exposure to environmental contaminants, especially phthalates, could affect the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Phthalates are industrial chemicals, used to make flexible plastics, and are present in numerous common plastic products, including medical devices and materials. Several in vitro studies have suggested a positive association between exposure to phthalate, or phthalate metabolites, and the risk of endometriosis. Since the 2000s, studies based on human plasma and urinary concentrations of various phthalate metabolites have been published, but there are still limitations to our understanding of the pathophysiology of phthalates and endometriosis. This report aims to review the current state of knowledge about a possible role of phthalates in the pathogenesis of endometriosis based on cell culture, animal models, and human data.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2010

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.296.1-296.1
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• 2002

Bisphenol A(BPA). a monomer used in the manufacturing epoxy resins and polycarbonates. has been reported to induce estrogenic activity, it has been considered as an environmental endocrine disruptor. But the immunomodulatory effects of BPA exposure have not been systemically evaluated. We investigated whether BPA effects on the ability of immunoglobulin(lg) production of mice. To initiate investigation of BPA-induced alterations of the immune system. BPA at dose of 100. 500,1000 mg/kg b.w./day with or without OVA-antigen for 30 days were orally administered to female ICR mice. Mice were sacrificed and serum was colleted on day 2 following administration of BPA for 30days. Total lgG1. total lgG2a. total lgE. OVA-specific lgG1. OVA-specific lgG2a. and OVA-specific lgE in serum were detetmined and compared with those of non-treated mice. In the groups of BPA with OVA antigen, total 1gG1, total lgG2a, total lgE. OVA-specific lgG1 and OVA-specific lgG2a were significantly decreased at dose of 500mg/kg/day. However, in mice treated with BPA alone, total lgG1, and lgG2 were not much altered and total lgE was significantly increased at dose of 1000mg/kg/day. These results demonstrated the BPA modulates the production of immunoglobulin.

• 환경생물
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.160-168
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• 2021

Doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor(dmrt) play crucial roles in sex determination and sex differentiation in vertebrates and invertebrates. Although dmrt genes have been identified in vertebrates, little is known about aquatic invertebrates. In this study, two dmrt genes, namely, Dc_dmrt93B and Dc_dmrt99B, were identified from brackish water flea, Diaphanosoma celebensis. Transcriptional changes were observed in the dmrt genes when the flea was exposed to bisphenol(BP), an endocrine disruptor. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that both dmrt genes contained two conserved domains, namely, DM and DMA, closely clustered with those of Daphnia spp. Additionally, a significant increase in the Dc_dmrt99B mRNA expression level was observed upon exposure to intermediate concentrations of BP (bisphenol A>bisphenol S=bisphenol F, p<0.05), while the expression of Dc_dmrt93B mRNA was slightly modulated. These findings imply that the two dmrt genes may be involved in sex differentiation of D. celebensis. Furthermore, it was found that the ability of BP to modulate dmrt genes could affect development and reproduction. This study provides a basis for understanding the function of the dmrt genes and the molecular mode of action of BP in small crustaceans.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.192-205
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• 2023

Objectives: Previous studies have evaluated the association between mercury exposure and obesity but have yielded mixed conclusions. The aim of this study was to systematically review and summarize scientific evidence regarding the association between mercury exposure and obesity in the human population. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct for articles related to mercury exposure and obesity. Meta-analyses of the highest and lowest categories of mercury levels were evaluated using a random effects model. Begg's test was used to detect publication bias. Results: A total of 9 articles were included. The pooled random effects odds ratio (OR) for mercury exposure and obesity of all 9 studies was 1.66 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16-2.38). This positive association was evident in adults (OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.02-2.54) and among studies with Asian populations (OR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.53-2.59), but not among those with North America/African populations (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.50-1.65). Conclusions: The present meta-analysis identified a positive association between mercury exposure and obesity. These findings suggest that toxic environmental metals such as mercury may be an important risk factor for obesity along with dietary habits and lifestyles.

• 한국해양생명과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2021

비스페놀A(BPA)는 대표적인 내분비계 교란물질로 광범위한 사용으로 인해 환경 내에서 지속적으로 검출됨에 따라 인간을 비롯한 다양한 생물에서 성장, 발생, 생식 등에 유해한 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서 BPA를 대체하기 위한 구조 유사체들이 개발되어 널리 사용되고 있으나 이러한 대체제들이 내분비계 교란 작용을 갖는지에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 BPA와 그 구조 유사체인 BPS와 BPF에 노출시킨 기수산 물벼룩 Diaphanosoma celebensis에서 탈피과정에 관여하는 ecdysteroid 합성(nvd, cyp314a1), receptors (EcRA, EcRB, USP, ERR), 그리고 하위 경로에 있는 유전자(HR3, E75, Vtg, VtgR)의 시간 별 발현 변화를 조사하였다. nvd와 cyp314a1 유전자의 발현은 BPA 보다 BPF에서 6시간 일찍 발현이 증가하는 양상을 보인 반면, BPS의 경우에는 이들 유전자의 발현이 24시간 내내 감소하는 양상을 보였다. BPA와 BPF 노출 시 EcR 유전자들의 발현 양상도 이와 유사한 경향을 보였다. ERR 유전자의 발현은 BPF와 BPS에서 BPA 보다 6시간 일찍 발현이 증가하는 양상을 보였고, HR3, E75, VtgR의 유전자 발현도 노출군에서 시간 차이는 있지만 유의하게 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 반면 Vtg는 24시간 이내에서는 크게 증가하지는 않았다. 이러한 결과는 BPA 뿐 아니라 BPF와 BPS도 탈피에 관여하는 호르몬의 합성 및 조절 경로의 유전자의 발현을 조절할 수 있으며, 서로 다른 기전으로 기수산 물벼룩의 내분비계를 교란시킬 수 있는 능력을 갖는다고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 비스페놀 구조 유사체가 기수산 물벼룩의 탈피과정에 관여하는 분자 경로 어떻게 영향을 미치는지를 이해하는데 도움이 될 것이다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.36-47
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• 2011

2010년 서울 강북지역에서 유통되고 있는 농산물에서 내분비 장애추정농약의 노염상태를 조사하기 위해서 실행되었다. 우리는 총 3,081건의 농산물에서 내분비 장애추정농약 33종을 동시다성분 방법으로 분석하였다. 12종의 농약이 600회 검출되었고 22회 부적합하였다. 검출빈도가 가장 높은 농약은 procymidone이었고 부적합 빈도는 endosulfan가 가장 높았다. 검출빈도 대비 부적합빈도가 높은 농약은 diazinon이었다. 농산물별로는 466건에서 농약이 검출되었고 22건이 최대잔류 허용기준에 부적합하였다. 농산물은 유형별로 분류되었고 기타 유형에 속한 고춧가루의 검출률이 70.7%로 가장 높았고 과채류은 35.3%, 차류는 23.6%, 엽경채류는 21.2%, 과실류는 14.6%, 엽채류는 11.2%였다. 부적합율은 엽경재류와 엽채류, 근채류가 각각 1.0%, 1.1%, 0.4%였다. 부추가 주요 관리대상 농산물로 검출률 및 부적합율이 높았고 여러 농약이 함께 검출되었다.