• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.69-79
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• 2024

AI technology is a central focus of the 4th Industrial Revolution. However, compared to some existing non-artificial intelligence technologies, new AI adversarial attacks have become possible in learning data management, input data management, and other areas. These attacks, which exploit weaknesses in AI encryption technology, are not only emerging as social issues but are also expected to have a significant negative impact on existing IT and convergence industries. This paper examines various cases of AI adversarial attacks developed recently, categorizes them into five groups, and provides a foundational document for developing security guidelines to verify their safety. The findings of this study confirm AI adversarial attacks that can be applied to various types of cryptographic modules (such as hardware cryptographic modules, software cryptographic modules, firmware cryptographic modules, hybrid software cryptographic modules, hybrid firmware cryptographic modules, etc.) incorporating AI technology. The aim is to offer a foundational document for the development of standardized protocols, believed to play a crucial role in rejuvenating the information security industry in the future.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.91-98
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• 2009

This paper presents a solution to error avalanche of deciphering where radio noise brings random bit errors in encrypted image data under ubiquitous environment. The image capturing module is to be made comprising data compression and encryption features to reduce data traffic volume and to protect privacy. Block cipher algorithms may experience error avalanche: multiple pixel defects due to single bit error in an encrypted message. The new fault tolerant scheme addresses error avalanche effect exploiting a three-dimensional data shuffling process, which disperses error bits on many frames resulting in sparsely isolated errors. Averaging or majority voting with neighboring pixels can tolerate prominent pixel defects without increase in data volume due to error correction. This scheme has 33% lower data traffic load with respect to the conventional Hamming code based approach.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.91-96
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• 2017

IoT which is an abbreviation of Internet of Things refers to the communication network service among various objects such as people-people, objects-objects interconnection. The characteristic of IoT that enables direct connection among each device makes security to be considered as more emphasized factor. Though a security module such as an authentication protocol for resolving various security problems that may occur in the IoT environment has been developed, some weak points in security are still being revealed. Therefore, this paper proposes a method for including a protocol including gateway authentication procedure and mutual authentication between the devices and gateways. Protocols with additional authentication procedures can appropriately respond to attackers' spoofing attacks. In addition, important information in the message used for authentication process is protected by encryption or hash function so that it can respond to wiretapping attacks.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.88-94
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• 2021

Public-key cryptographic algorithms such as RSA and ECC, which are currently in use, have used mathematical problems that would take a long time to calculate with current computers for encryption. But those algorithms can be easily broken by the Shor algorithm using the quantum computer. Lattice-based cryptography is proposed as new public-key encryption for the post-quantum era. This cryptographic algorithm is performed in the Polynomial Ring, and polynomial multiplication requires the most processing time. Therefore, a hardware model module is needed to calculate polynomial multiplication faster. Number Theoretic Transform, which called NTT, is the FFT performed in the finite field. The logic verification was performed using HDL, and the proposed design at the transistor level using Hspice was compared and analyzed to see how much improvement in delay time and power consumption was achieved. In the proposed design, the average delay was improved by 30% and the power consumption was reduced by more than 8%.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

In this paper, the design of lightweight S-Box structure for implementing a low power AES cryptosystem based on composite field. In this approach, the S-Box is designed as a simple structure by which the three modules of x², λ, and GF((2²)²) merge into one module for improving the usable area and processing speed on GF(((2²)²)²). The designed AES S-Box is modelled in Veilog-HDL at structural level, and a logic synthesis is also performed through the use of Xilinx ISE 14.7 tool, where Spartan 3s1500l is used as a target FPGA device. It is shown that the designed S-Box is correctly operated through simulation result, where ModelSim 10.3. is used for performing timing simulation.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.17-24
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• 2022

Lora, a non-band network technology of the long-distance wireless standard LPWAN standard, uses ABP and OTTA methods and AES-128-based encryption algorithm (shared key) for internal terminal authentication and integrity verification. Lora's recent firmware tampering vulnerability and shared-key encryption algorithm structure make it difficult to defend against MITM attacks. In this study, the consensus algorithm(PBFT) is applied to the Lora network to enhance safety. It performs authentication and PBFT block chain creation by searching for node groups using the GPS module. As a result of the performance analysis, we established a new Lora trust network and proved that the latency of the consensus algorithm was improved. This study is a 4th industry convergence study and is intended to help improve the security technology of Lora devices in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.737-750
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• 2022

The demands of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are growing very rapidly with the era of the 4th industrial revolution. As the technology of the UAV improved with the development of artificial intelligence and semiconductor technology, it began to be used in various civilian fields such as hobbies, bridge inspections, etc from being used for special purposes such as military use. MAVLink (Macro Air Vehicle Link), which started as an open source project, is the most widely used communication protocol between UAV and ground control station. However, MAVLink does not include any security features such as encryption/decryption mechanism, so it is vulnerable to various security threats. Therefore, in this study, the block cipher is implemented in UAV to ensure confidentiality, and the results of the encryption and decryption performance evaluation in the UAV according to various implementation methods are analyzed. In addition, we proposed the security requirements in accordance with Common Criteria, which is an international recognized ISO standard.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1356-1366
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• 2011

The TPM(Trusted Platform Module) is a hardware chip to support a trusted computing environment. A rightful user needs a command authorization process in order to use principal TPM commands. To get command authorization from TPM chip, the user should perform the OIAP(Object-Independent Authorization Protocol) or OSAP(Object-Specific Authorization Protocol). Recently, Chen and Ryan alerted the vulnerability of insider attack on TPM command authorization protocol in multi-user environment and presented a countermeasure protocol SKAP(Session Key Authorization Protocol). In this paper, we simulated the possibility of insider attack on OSAP authorization protocol in real PC environment adopted a TPM chip. Furthermore, we proposed a novel countermeasure to defeat this insider attack and improve SKAP's disadvantages such as change of command suructures and need of symmetric key encryption algorithm. Our proposed protocol can prevent from insider attack by modifying of only OSAP command structure and adding of RSA encryption on user and decryption on TPM.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.779-789
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• 2014

Utilizing smart phones based on android applications in the field of FA(Factory Automation) or PA(Production Automation) is being deployed actively. In general, MDM(Mobile Device Management) is a crucial infra-structure to build such a FA or PA environment. In this paper, we suggest an open mobile device management platform and implement its prototype. The developed prototype consists of three modules such as DMS(Device Management Server), FUMO(Firmware Update Management Object) and SCOMO(Software Component Management Object). In addition, we suggest a security module based on the concept of the EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) and the AES (Advanced Encryption Standard). The suggested security module's prototype is applied to guarantee the data integrity in the process of communicating among DMS, FUMO and SCOMO for the purpose of utilizing smart phones based on android applications in a FA field. We also evaluate the performance of the implemented security prototype. According to our simulation results, the implemented prototype has a good performance in a FA environment and can be utilized in the other FA, PA or OA(Office Automation) environment with guaranteeing the security.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1026-1031
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• 2008

Nowdays, homes and small businesses rely more and more PON(Passive Optical Networks) for financial transactions, private communications and even telemedicine. Thus, encryption for these data transactions is very essential due to the multicast nature of the PON In this parer, we presented our implementation of a counter mode AES based on Virtex4 FPGA. Our design exploits three advanced features; 1) Composite field arithmetic SubByte, 2) efficient MixColumn transformation 3) and on-the-fly key-scheduling for fully pipelined architecture. By pipeling the composite field implementation of the S-box, the area cost is reduced to average 17 percent. By designing the on-the-fly key-scheduling, we implemented an efficient key-expander module which is specialized for a pipelined architecture.