• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.327-337
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• 2017

현재 입원환자 및 환자 가족의 사적 고용으로 시행되는 유급 간병서비스 실태를 파악하고, 이를 이용하는데 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하고자 함을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구는 한국의료패널 자료 (2011-2014)를 활용하였으며, 연간 1회 이상 입원서비스를 이용한 경험이 있는 5,110명을 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 본 연구의 자료처리 및 분석을 위해 STATA 12.0 SE를 활용하였으며, 입원환자들의 기본특징을 확인하기 위해 빈도분석을 수행하였으며, 특성에 따른 유급 간병서비스 이용 현황을 확인하기 위해 교차분석 및 t-test를 시행하였다. 마지막으로, 입원환자들의 유급 간병서비스 이용에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하기 위해 Andersen's Behavioral Model의 3 범주를 단계적으로 모형에 투입하는 위계적 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시했다. 분석결과 유급 간병서비스 이용은 여성, 고연령, 장기입원 및 장애가 있을 경우에 더 많은 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 사적고용에서 중요한 가구소득 변수는 유의한 결과를 보이지 않았다. 이 연구결과는 현재 논의 중에 있는 간호간병통합서비스의 대상자 선정에 있어 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다. 또한, 향후 대상자 선정에 관한 세부적인 논의가 이루어질 필요가 있다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2018

본 연구는 6차 년도 국민노후보장패널조사 자료를 활용하여 노인빈곤에 영향을 미치는 원인을 규명하고자 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 성별, 연령, 교육수준, 건강상태와 같은 노인의 개인적 특성, 거주지역, 가족 구성 형태와 같은 노인가구의 특성, 근로소득 유무, 임금근로자 여부와 같은 노인 근로적 특성, 그리고 공적연금수급 여부, 사적연금수급 여부, 사회보장급여수급 여부, 부동산 소득 여부, 개인연금형태 수입 여부와 같은 은퇴 후 근로 외의 발생소득 특성을 노인빈곤 변인으로 선정하였다. 본 연구는 6차 년도 조사대상 5,254가구 중 65세 이상 그리고 노인가구를 분류한 후 결측값이 포함된 것을 제외한 총 3,418명이 분석에 활용하였다. 의사결정나무분석 결과, 노인빈곤에 영향을 미치는 가장 중요한 변인은 근로소득 유무로 나타났다. 근로소득이 없는 빈곤노인의 경우 공적연금수급 여부, 교육수준, 거주지역이 그리고 근로소득이 있는 빈곤노인의 경우 임금근로자 여부와 성별이 빈곤에 영향을 미치는 변인으로 확인되었다. 이런 분석결과를 토대로, 노인빈곤을 해소하기 위한 방안으로 Senior re-employment 노동환경 조성, 무료 직업교육 프로그램 개발 제공, 공적연금 수급 확대 및 미래연금수급 안전성 보장 및 강화 차원의 현행 연금제도 개선 필요성, 여성 노인 우선적 고용 및 임금근로 조건에 의한 노인 고용 업체 인센티브 제공 등을 제안하였다.

• 안보군사학연구
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• 통권8호
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• pp.1-48
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the Untied Nations' efforts for peace on Korean peninsular after CCF's participation in Korean War. The Untied Nation tried to negotiate th peace plan between two sides from the end of 1950. Once the CCF's entry into the war had been confirmed, the war situation moved to a new phase, and the UN forces, which had guided the war in an effort to destroy the NKP A forces, and to punish North Korea, had to set up new guidelines to cope with the new situation. Accordingly, in late November, 1950, the UN forces camp, mainly the US Joint Chiefs of Staff and the United Nations Command, discussed various options, such as an expansion of the war up to the Chinese territory, a cease fire along the 38th Parallel, or a forced and inevitable evacuation. The Korean delegation to the UN insisted that "the unification of Korea should be achieved only by victory in the war. The Chinese intervention in the war is a Challenge to the UN in the same way as the North Korean invasion. The UN participation in the war was to repulse the invasion. With the same spirit we should drive back the Chinese Communists." The Korean delegation also emphasized to the friendly nations the political objective and will of unification, and that a cease fire at a threshold of unification might return us to the status quo ante bellum, and would be contrary to the Korean nation's desire. At that time, particularly, the US strongly considered the employment of nuclear weapons as one of the new strategies to cope with the Chinese invasion. The international effects of these casual remarks were realized almost at once. The British Prime Minister who had not wanted the expansion of war in the Far East, especially from the view point of the interest of NATO's security, visited Washington. so the conference had a very important meaning for the UN forces' new strategy. On the other hand, at the UN, on the 5th of December, the very day Truman and Attlee agreed to seek a cease-fire under UN auspices, a group of thirteen Asian and Arab states proposed to ask China and North Korea not to cross the 38th Parallel, and sounded out both sides about a cease fire along the 38th Parallel. The United States and the United Kingdom gave their assent, but China and North Korea gave no direct response. The CCF, who were securing the initiative of operation, were not agreeable with the proposal of the UN forces. The Untied Nation has tried to negotiate th peace plan between two sides from the December of 1950 and January of 1951. The Untied Nations' has achieved great results to negotiate for the peace plan on Korean peninsular after CCF's participation in Korean War. It's the results considering both the operation situation and political opinions.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.740-750
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• 2011

With a recent increase in dietary supplements (DS) consumption among children in Korea, this study was performed to examine the influencing factors on children's DS consumption. A nationwide survey was conducted employing 3 representative samples of children for summer & fall of 2008 and spring of 2009 by stratified multistage sampling of 120 survey sites per season based on the 2005 census population. Approximately 30 households from each survey site were screened for residing children of 0-19 years and about 1,700 households remained as eligible samples per season. Trained dietitians visited households to perform face-to-face interview to children and/or parents regarding DS consumption including health functional foods (HFF), vitamins/minerals (V/M) supplements and other food supplements during 1 month prior to interview. Out of 5,328 children responded, 18.7% reported DS consumption. Consumption rate was higher in boys (19.9% vs. 17.3% in girls, P < 0.05) and youngsters (22.8% compared to 15.0% in adolescents, P < 0.001). Children from higher income family (P < 0.001), those living in apartments (P < 0.001), those residing in metropolitan area (P < 0.001), and those of mothers with higher education (P < 0.001) were more likely to take DS. Also, mother's employment status and occupation were significantly associated with children's DS consumption. The most popular DS was HFF (72.1%), which was consumed more in children of higher income family. It is revealed that socioeconomic factors affect children's DS consumption significantly. Also it is necessary to estimate children's V/M intake from DS and foods together especially because there are tolerable upper limits set for V/M for safety purposes.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception of foodservice managers in childcare centers and kindergartens for identifying the vulnerable areas of safety management. The foodservice managers in 1,144 of nationwide childcare centers and kindergartens were surveyed from May to October 2007 to answer a total 72 questions in areas of general characteristics, actual practice of foodservice management and safety management perception. Meals were served in 97.7% of surveyed facilities and 91.0% among them were self-operated. The hiring rate (27.8%) of dietitians in childcare centers was significantly lower than the rate (82.0%) of kindergartens. The needs of dietitian employment between childcare centers and kindergartens differed as 44.9% and 87.5%, respectively. In knowledge on food-borne illnesses, they have the wrong information in the field of season for frequent outbreak, major pathogens and foods causing food-borne illnesses. The food-borne illnesses (36.2%) were indicated as the major problem in foodservice facilities and the degree of risk exposure was considered as safe (70.1%). More than 70% of both facilities answered as sanitary in the status of personal hygiene. Only 38.0% recognized the Facility and Equipment Standard in the Childcare Law and Early Childhood Education Law. In preparation of meals and management of cooking processes, kindergarten scored significantly high compared to childcare centers (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) while the necessity of standards was not different in both facilities. Among managers surveyed, 28.8% had taken food safety education from professional institutions and more than 80% in both facilities indicated the need of professional educations. These results suggest that it is necessary for the systematic sanitary education of foodservice managers by developing the sanitary management standard as well as the amendment of laws related foodservice in childcare centers and kindergartens.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.23-43
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine and analyse factors related to the actual status and practice of breast-feeding during an infant period to grasp elements detrimental to breast-feeding and, therefore, provide basic information useful for its effective practice and encouragement. Method: From April 1 to June 30, 2001, this study was carried out with the mothers of 337 who were 6 months old, as of the surveyed date, of infants born in 2002 and registered in Seongju-gun Public Health Center, Gyeongsangbug-do Province. The method for its survey included both of the visiting and telephone interviews, and questions were mainly about the mothers' general characteristics(3 questions), infants' general characteristics(3 questions), environmental characteristics of infant delivery( 4 questions), support to breast-feeding(4 questions), understanding of breast-feeding(5 questions), and feeding type during the 1 to 6-month period after birth. Result: 1. The feeding type during the I-month period after birth showed that the breast-feeding accounted for 42.4%, which was higher than dry milk-feeding(30%) or mixed milk-feeding(26.8%). However, it began to be lower than the dry milk-feeding from the 2-month period after birth. During the 6-month period, the breast-feeding accounted for 28.6% which was lower than 56.5% of the dry milk-feeding. 2. The mothers who were encouraged by their delivery clinic to and were educated to breast-feed infants accounted for 55.4% and 41.4%, respectively, which were relatively low. The understanding of breast-feeding indicated that the responses were positive from the view point of mother ＆ infant health, but negative from mother's physical form. 3. It was shown that the lower the educational background of mother(p〈0.05) and the higher the unemployment of mother(p〈0.001), the higher the positive understanding of breast-feeding, and that the higher the entire support to breast-feeding, the more positive their understanding. 4. It was also shown that the lower the educational background of mother(p〈0.05), the higher the unemployment of mother(p〈0.001), the more the experience in breast-feeding at a delivery clinic(p〈0.01) and the faster the initial feeding(p〈0.001), the higher the rate of breast-feeding. 5. The factor having an effect on breast-feeding included a delivery clinic's encouragement to breast-feed(p〈0.001), understanding of breast-feeding(p〈0.01), father's comment on feeding method(p〈0.05) and mother's employment(p〈0.05). Discussion: In order to encourage the breast-feeding, as shown above, it is required, fist of all, to offer pregnant women an education about importance and excellence of breast-feeding and its appropriate method before delivery in advance to result in a positive comprehension of the breast-feeding. To do that, both the publicity activities and program development designed to encourage the breast-feeding must be performed in advance at the government level. In addition to that, the mother-infant space as ‘rooming-in’ available for breast-feeding immediately after delivery must be prepared on the basis of legal and administrative support. Finally, female employees' leave after childbirth must be performed for the purpose of productive welfare and circumstances also be prepared for breast-feeding, such as a children's home at work.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2012

This study tires to examine affects that job and socio-psychological stresses of female office workers influence job satisfaction, organization commitment, and leaving intentions. A complete data are collected by conducting a survey with 240 female office workers from 9 medical institutions regarded as almost general hospital in Seoul. It is analyzed that the relation between socio-psychological stress and job satisfaction, organization commitment, and leaving intentions by using t-test; analysis of variance; correlation analysis; principal component analysis; linear structural equation modeling; etc. The results of this study are summarized as following. First, as it was comprehended by specific characteristics of subjects that the female office workers' level of job and socio-psychological stress, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and leaving intention, there were statistically significant distinctions from their age, marital status, presence of children, position in the organization, type of employment, and monthly average income. Second, this study regarded relationship between the female office workers' level of job and socio-psychological stresses, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and leaving intention. Job and socio-psychological stresses were negatively correlated with job satisfaction and organizational commitment, but the stresses were positive with leaving intention. Third, after evaluating effect that 8 features related to the job stress could influence job stress, the most effective valuables were in order to unfairness in organizational structure, workplace culture, inadequate compensation, and relationship conflict. Fourth, when looking at the overall effects of the job and sociopsychological stresses on job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and leaving intention, work autonomy was the most influencing factor of work stress levels. The level of the job stress seemed to be a prevalent impact on the leaving intention and it showed the most negative relationship that path coefficient from leaving intention to organizational commitment and also from organizational commitment to job satisfaction. Based on these findings, it can be defined that the job and socio-psychological stresses strongly influence job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and leaving intention.

• 에너지공학
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.52-64
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• 2016

토륨은 우라늄에 비해 풍부한 자원으로서의 가치와 핵분열 물질인 U233을 증식하고, 장주기 액티나이드 핵종 발생이 감소하는 특성으로 인해 원자력 연구개발 초기부터 우라늄 주기와 함께 주요 연구대상이었다. 하지만 토륨은 자체적으로 핵분열이 불가능하므로 에너지원으로 활용하기 위해서는 별도의 외부 중성자원이 필요하고, 토륨 주기 과정에서 고방사성 물질이 발생하며, 효과적인 증식을 위해서는 긴 시간의 중성자 조사가 필요했다. 이에 따른 기술적 어려움과 연구개발 필요성의 감소로 1970년대 중반 이후 토륨 관련 연구가 거의 중단되었다. 하지만 1990-2000년대에 에너지 자원에 대한 사회적 시각 변화와 외부 중성자 공급원으로 이용하는 가속기 구동 원자로의 출현으로 과거 토륨주기의 단점으로 지목되었던 성질들이 오히려 핵확산 저항성과 감시성을 높이고, 가속기 구동 원자로의 미임계 운전 특성에 의한 원자력 안전성 증대라는 장점으로 부각되어 토륨에 관한 연구가 세계적으로 활발히 추진되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 토륨주기의 장단점을 우라늄주기와 비교, 분석하고 가속기 구동형 원자로를 이용한 토륨 연구의 기술 현황을 분석한다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.71-90
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• 2012

오랜 기간에 걸쳐 다양한 분야에서 연구되었음에도 불구하고 전통적인 통제이론의 관심은 단순한 업무에 머물러 있다. 최근에 시작된 정보시스템 개발을 대상으로 한 연구도 실제 프로젝트에서 관찰되는 통제 현상의 일부분에 대한 설명에 그치고 있다. 이 연구는 정보시스템 개발 통제에 대한 종합적인 설명과 이해에 도움이 되는 개념과 구조의 식별과 분석에 초점을 둔다. 이 연구는 조직론과 경제학의 통제이론을 기반으로 한다. 통제 관점의 업무 분석에 적용할 수 있는 개념 틀을 제공하고, 이를 바탕으로 정보시스템 개발 업무의 특징을 분석하였다. 통제방법과 설계에 대한 논의 결과는 실무 프로젝트의 통제체계를 설계할 때 출발점으로 삼을 수 있다. 통제 네트워크의 분석으로 프로젝트의 통제에는 통제자와 피통제자가 연결된 복잡한 네트워크 구조가 필요하다는 것을 밝힐 수 있었다. 계약 방식의 차이로 발생하는 내부 개발과 외부 개발의 대리 문제와 대리 비용의 차이가 매우 크다는 것도 분석되었다. 연구의 결과는 계획과 실행에 치중된 정보시스템 개발에 관한 연구의 균형을 회복하고, 기존 연구 결과를 확장하여 개발 프로젝트의 통제에 관한 이해의 폭을 넓혀줄 것으로 기대한다. 실무적으로 연구 결과는 1) 통제의 구체적인 방법과 네트워크의 설계 지침으로 활용할 수 있으며, 2) 외주 개발에 내재하는 대리 위험에 대한 경각심을 높여줄 것이다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was conducted to examine the relationships of the several socioeconomic position indicators with the mortality risk in a representative longitudinal study of South Korea. Methods : The 1998 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was conducted on a cross-sectional probability sample of South Korean households, and it contained unique 13-digit personal identification numbers that were linked to the data on mortality from the National Statistical Office of Korea. Of 5,607 males and females, 264 died between 1999 and 2003. Cox's regression was used to estimate the relative risks (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) of mortality. Results: Socioeconomic differences in mortality were observed after adjustments were made for gender and age. Compared with those people having college or higher education, those people without any formal education had a greater mortality risk (RR=2.21, 95% CI=1.12-4.40). The mortality risk among manual workers was significantly greater than that for the non-manual workers (RR=2.73, 95% CI=1.47-5.06). A non-standard employment status was also associated with an increase in mortality: temporary or daily workers had a greater mortality risk than did the full-time workers (RR=3.01, 95% CI=1.50-6.03). The mortality risk for the low occupational class was 3.06 times greater than that of the high and middle occupational classes (95% CI=1.75-5.36). In addition, graded mortality differences according to equivalized monthly household income were found. A reduction of monthly household income by 500 thousand Korean Won (about 400 US dollars) was related with a 20% excess risk of mortality. Self-reported poor living standards were also associated with an increased risk of mortality. Those without health insurance had a 3.63 times greater risk of mortality than the insured (95% CI=1.61-8.19). Conclusions: This study showed the socioeconomic differentials in mortality in a national longitudinal study of South Korea. The existence of socioeconomic mortality inequalities requires increased social discussion on social policies in Korean society. Furthermore, the mechanisms for the socioeconomic inequalities of mortality need to be explored in future studies.