• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the correlation among emotional labor, nursing professional values, and job satisfaction and identify factors that affect job satisfaction of nurses working in small and medium-sized hospitals. Methods: Data were collected from 214 nurses in S city. The following measurement tools were used: Emotional labor by Morris et al. (1996), Nursing Professional Values Scale by Yeun et al. (2005), and Index of Work Satisfaction by Stamps et al. (1978). Collected data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 18.0 using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: Participants' scores for emotional labor, nursing professional values and job satisfaction were $3.11{\pm}0.48$, $3.46{\pm}0.39$, and $3.02{\pm}0.29$ respectively. Emotional labor showed a negative correlation with job satisfaction (r=-.33, p<.001), while nursing professional values showed a positive correlation with job satisfaction (r=.58, p<.001). Emotional labor and nursing professional values were identified as factors influencing job satisfaction. The model explained about 39% of the variance in job satisfaction (F=67.40, p<.001). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that it is important to manage emotional labor as well as to improve professional values and job satisfaction of nurses working in small and medium-sized hospital.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.59-73
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• 2020

Purpose: The ultimate purpose of this work is to investigate gender differences in the relationships between product quality cues and perceived values at a food select shop. Specifically, this study examines the effects of internal and external cues, which are indicators of product quality, on emotional and social values based on gender differences. Research design, data and methodology: In this study, a questionnaire technique was used to collect the data necessary to test the proposed model. 183 data were collected through this technique. PLS SEM (Partial Least Squares Structured Equation Model) was used to test the research model. Results: First, there is no gender difference between intrinsic cue and emotional value. When using male and female data, there was no significant causal relationship between intrinsic cues and emotional values. Second, we found no gender difference between intrinsic cue and social value. When analyzed with female data, there was no significant causal relationship between intrinsic cue and social value. On the other hand, in the case of men, it was found that a weak causal relationship exists. Third, this study found gender difference between extrinsic cue and emotional value. In the case of men, it was found that a weak causal relationship exists, whereas in the case of women, a strong causal relationship exists between extrinsic cue and emotional value. Fourth, we found gender difference between extrinsic cue and social value. In the case of men, there was no causal relationship, whereas in the case of women, there was a strong causal relationship between extrinsic cue and social value. Finally, we found that there are moderating roles of gender in the relationship between external cues and perceived quality. Conclusions: As a result of analysis, it is necessary to focus on extrinsic clues of product in order to increase the perceived emotional and social values of women. On the other hand, in order to improve the perceived emotional and social values of men, it is necessary to pay attention to both intrinsic and extrinsic cues of product. Therefore, it is necessary to consider what clues and values are important to core customers.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.2 s.80
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• pp.165-175
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ego?identity and rare teacher's emotional support on the value of sexuality of institutionalized adolescents. The subjects were 102 middle school adolescents in Daegu and Cyeongsangbuk Province, Korea. Ego-identity of the institutional youth, perceived emotional support of care teacher and sexual values reported by the institutionalized adolescents. The data were analyzed with an AMOS 5.5 Program by comparative fit index and a SPSS Win program 12.0 using cronbach's $\alpha$, simple regression, hierarchical multiple regression and path analysis. The findings showed that both the degree of ego-identity and perceived emotional support of care teacher exerted a significant effect on the sexual values of institutional youth. Furthermore, it is important to note that the care teacher's emotional support influenced sexual values of the youth, and was mediated by the ego-identity of the institutional youth.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.30 no.2 s.57
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• pp.413-427
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• 1997

This research is based on the Consumption Values Theory proposed by Sheth(1991). The purpose of this research is finding the factors related to the process of hospital choice. The expectation of six hospital outpatients 600 was analyzed by six consumption values categories: functional value, social value, emotional value, rarity value, condition value, health related values. The main results of this research is as following; 1. In the result of factor analysis 22 consumption value factors which affect the hospital preference were extracted; kindness/clearness, service speed, comfort of space, technical competence in functional values, high income/active social life, low income/blue collar unmarried/man, middle aged/big family, woman/married, introvert in social values, high-class, comfort, reliability in emotional value, newness, classiness in rarity value, social relationship, close to residence, social reputation in conditional values, priority on health, health behavior, active sense of value on health in health related values. 2. The difference of consumption values among hospital types were analyzed. The critical factors in reference for corporate hospitals newly established were kindness/clearness, service speed, convenience, classiness, comfort, and newness. University hospitals were preferred by the factors of reliability, and social reputation. In general hospital, convenience and close to residence were critical factor. 3. In logistic regression, age, marital status, education level and income as socio-demographic variables were significantly related to general hospital choice. Also service speed and close to residence were positively and high income/active social life and high class value were negatively related to general hospital choice. On university hospital choice, age and marital status, education show posive relationship whereas income showing negative relationship. Kindness/clearness, service speed, comfort of space, unmarried/man, comfortable feeling, newness and close to residence showed negative relationship with university hospital selection whereas technical competence, reliability in emotional value, classiness in rarity value, social relationship in functional values showed positive relationship. Lastly kindness/clearness, comfort of space, high income/active social life, unmarried/man, high-class, comfort and newness were positively related to corporate hospitals newly established choice in contrast to negative relationship in reliability in emotional value and classiness. In summary, we found that hospital user also choose to hospital in base of various consumption value. Further studies to investigate the hospital consumer behavior will be needed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1502-1520
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• 2021

This paper attempts to investigate Korean youth Not in Education, Employment and Training (NEET) and how daily activities and community participation may influence their positive emotions and job search desire. First, we conducted a focus group interview with 16 NEETs who participated in the Kakao NEET Company project. The project allowed participants to experience employment by founding a virtual company in which each participant selected a daily activity to perform as part of the company's operations. Second, the interview responses were categorized and assigned emotional values using the card sorting technique and multi-dimensional analysis (MDS). A total of 11 emotional values were derived through this process. Finally, a social network analysis was conducted in order to measure the density of relations among the emotional values. Results suggest that immersion, confidence, belongingness were the three highest values evaluated by participants. Furthermore, network diagrams imply that the stronger participants perceived social support and belongingness with others, the stronger their responsibility grew, further leading them to establish steady goals. In particular, the high eigenvector score for "desire for job" suggests that emotional values are sequentially connected to the immersion-social support-responsibility-goal-job desire. This sequence suggests that digital services that are developed with the aim to enhance social values such as the Kakao NEET Project may engender motivation and confidence in youth NEETs. The overall results suggest that a systematic approach to policymaking should be considered in order to provide fundamental solutions and expand opportunities for social participation and emotional comfort, as social isolation due to low self-esteem has been reported as one of the reasons for NEETs' failure in the labor market.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.47-52
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• 2019

Purpose: This study specifically discusses why coffee shop customers want to revisit coffee shops. In addition, we would like to verify the mediated effect of the emotional reaction in relation to the influence of the experience values of the Chinese coffee shop on the re-visit of the coffee shop. Research design, data and methodology: Regression and reliability analyses were conducted. Simple regression was used for stock price verification, and the bootstrap method of model4 of Hayes was performed for the intermediate hypothesis verification. Results: This study confirmed that the experience values of coffee shops (entertainment, aesthetic, economic efficiency, and service excellence) have a significant influence on customers' intention to revisit coffee shops. Conclusions: Managers can check that the level of revisit by customers is increased by increasing the elements of experience value. In addition, studies have shown that the customer's emotional reactions play a significant mediating role in the relationship between the value of the experience and the customer's intention to revisit the coffee shop. This suggests that the coffee shop operator should focus on the emotional response of its customers and devise strategies to ensure that the value of the experience is connected to the intent of revisiting.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

We propose an emotional training framework that can determine the initial symptom of schizophrenia by using emotional analysis method through facial expression change. We use Emotion API in Microsoft to obtain facial expressions and emotion values at the present time. We analyzed these values and recognized subtle facial expressions that change with time. The emotion states were classified according to the peak analysis-based variance method in order to measure the emotions appearing in facial expressions according to time. The proposed method analyzes the lack of emotional recognition and expressive ability by using characteristics that are different from the emotional state changes classified according to the six basic emotions proposed by Ekman. As a result, the analyzed values are integrated into the image color transfer framework so that users can easily recognize and train their own emotional changes.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.177-186
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• 2020

This study examined consumer experiences on consumption value for the restaurant service and the effect of consumption value on consumer satisfaction. Consumption value was composed of four values: functional, social, emotional, and epistemic. Participants consisted of 407 consumers who live in Shanghai and have experience eating at Haidilao restaurant. The results of this study suggested that the perceived consumption value of the restaurant service varies by the socio-demographic backgrounds of consumers. Consumer satisfaction is affected by the epistemic, emotional, and functional values of the restaurant service. The effect of epistemic value on consumer satisfaction with restaurant service was the highest among all consumption values followed by emotional and functional values. There was no significant effect of social value on consumer satisfaction. This study showed that consumers pursue various values in the restaurant services which had a greater influence on consumer satisfaction than the functional value related to the primary purpose of restaurant services. As the consumer experience diversifies along with the globalized food service industry, it is necessary to improve the consumer satisfaction of restaurant services by investigating what values and experiences consumers pursue. The results of this study contribute to a consumer-oriented service design of restaurants by illuminating consumers' experiences with consumption values that influence consumers' satisfaction with the overall restaurant service.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.69-84
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• 2000

This study intended to investigate the relationship between father's/mother's values(materialism, competitive achievement pressure, neighborhood relations), father/mother-student emotional intimacy & father's/mother's over control and university student's alienation, and examin the relative influences of independent variables on university student's alienation. For this purpose, data were obtained from 402 male 7nd female university students in Seoul and Inchon, and analyzed by factor analysis, Cronbach's $\alpha$, frequencies, %, Pearson's r and stepwise multiple regression. The major findings were as follows : 1) father's and mother's values had significant relations to university student's alienation. As father and mother had more materialism and competitive achievement pressure, their university student was more alienated, and as father and mother had more neighborhood relations, the student was less alienated. 2) Emotional intimacy between father/mother and student had negative relation to university student's alienation. As the level of emotional intimacy was higher, the student was less alienated 3) Father's and mother's over control had positive relations to university student's alienation. As father's and mother's over control was higher, the student was more alienated. 4) Mother's neighborhood relations, father's and mother's over control, mother-student emotional intimacy and father's materialism had influences on university student's alienation in descending order. These independent variables explained 25. 0 % of the total valiance. Father's materialism and father's/mother's over control increased the level of university student's alienation, but mother's neighborhood relations and mother-student emotional intimacy decreased the bevel of student's alienation. Emerging evidences suggested that in order to prevent or decrease the university student's alienation, their parents should have less materialism and more neighborhood relations, and should not use over control on their university student but produce more emotional support.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.226-241
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• 2010

This study details the history and characteristics of consumption values, text style analyses, and appeal types expressed in magazine commercials from 1955 to 2008. This study analyzes the level of the social structure of commercial expression for each period. Consumption values based on the categories of consumption values by Sheth (1991) were classified through a total commercials analysis. Analyses on closing types of sentences, types of sentences, and rhetorical figures were executed focusing on headline text and text style. Appealing types were composed of rational, emotional, and ethical appeals. For analysis, the crosstab analysis and chi-square test of SPSS are used. The results are as follow. Seven values were constructed, functional value, social value, emotional value, conditional value, epistemic value, fashionable value, and indistinct value. The ratio of emotional value was the highest and functional value, epistemic value conditional value, fashionable value, social value, and indistinct value followed. The emotional value social value, conditional value, fashionable value, and epistemic value that focused on the emotion of consumers increased, while the functional value decreased. Sentences that use narrative styles, hyperboles, and metaphors that increased the interest of readers were dominantly used in the headline texts. For sentence expression, a declarative sentence in a sentence type, exciting curiosity in the expression method where hyperbole and figures of speech in rhetorical expressions are used most often. Emotional appeal was used almost twice more than the reasonable appeal for appeal types of the total commercial. The lower level of reasonable appeal is information that provides the product function. Interest and expression (such as pleasure and achievement) were used most often for emotional appeal. These results show that the most important issue is the emotional value in consumption in understanding the consumer. Marketing managers should also be aware of the functional value as well as an emotional value.