• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.165-183
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• 2005

Training in self-expression was provided 24 times over 8 weeks for 5-year-old children in two classes in A kindergarten at an elementary school located in G metropolitan city. The posttest conducted at the conclusion of the training session confirmed significant statistical differences between the two groups. All the subfields on initiative, such as emotional ability, communication, and achievement motivation showed significant differences between groups.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.55-70
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• 2009

Vision-based Human computer interaction is an emerging field of science and industry to provide natural way to communicate with human and computer. In that sense, inferring the emotional state of the person based on the facial expression recognition is an important issue. In this paper, we present a novel approach to recognize facial expression from a sequence of input images using emotional specific HMM (Hidden Markov Model) and facial motion tracking based on optical flow. Conventionally, in the HMM which consists of basic emotional states, it is considered natural that transitions between emotions are imposed to pass through neutral state. However, in this work we propose an enhanced transition framework model which consists of transitions between each emotional state without passing through neutral state in addition to a traditional transition model. For the localization of facial features from video sequence we exploit template matching and optical flow. The facial feature displacements traced by the optical flow are used for input parameters to HMM for facial expression recognition. From the experiment, we can prove that the proposed framework can effectively recognize the facial expression in real time.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.353-359
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of suffering experience, self-forgiveness and emotional expression of loss on nurses' attitude toward dignified death. Methods: The subjects in this study were 140 nurses, had been working over 6 months in a general hospital. Data were collected from July 1 to August 31 2016, by using self-reported questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS 19.0 programs. Results: The significant predictors that affected nurses' attitude toward dignified death were experience of suffering, emotional expression of loss, religion and educational level. The explained variance for nurses' attitude toward dignified death was 63.9% and the most significant factor was emotional expression of loss. Conclusion: These results suggest that attitude toward dignified death of nurses can be changed positively by communicating emotional expression of loss and their suffering experience.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.540-546
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• 2008

In the near future, robots should be able to understand human's emotional states and exhibit appropriate behaviors accordingly. In Human-Human Interaction, the 93% consist of the speaker's nonverbal communicative behavior. Bodily movements provide information of the quantity of emotion. Latest personal robots can interact with human using multi-modality such as facial expression, gesture, LED, sound, sensors and so on. However, a posture needs a position and an orientation only and in facial expression or gesture, movements are involved. Verbal, vocal, musical, color expressions need time information. Because synchronization among multi-modalities is a key problem, emotion expression needs a systematic approach. On the other hand, at low intensity of surprise, the face could be expressed but the gesture could not be expressed because a gesture is not linear. It is need to decide the emotional boundaries for effective robot behavior generation and synchronization with another expressible method. If it is so, how can we define emotional boundaries? And how can multi-modality be synchronized each other?

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.183-195
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identity the relationship among emotional expression, emotional support, and psychosocial well-being, to analyze the factor affect the psychosocial well-being and to provide the data-based for effective development of emotional education program. The subjects for this study were 553 undergraduate college nursing students. The period of data collection was from 16 to 30, June, 2001. The instruments used for this study were emotional expressiveness scale (EES), ambivalence over emotional expressiveness questionnaire (AEQ), affect intensity measure (AIM), social support scale (SSS), and psychosocial well-being index (PWI). Data were analyzed by use of Descriptive Statistics, ANOVA, t-test, Stepwise multiple regression, Pearson's correlation coefficient with SPSS WIN program. The Major results were as follows: 1. The average score of items for the AIM, EES, AEQ were moderate at 3.8, 3.7 and 3.4. The level of SSS was high at 7.2 and PWI was low at 52.1. 2. Significant correlation were found between the AIM, EES, and AEQ. The EES was positively correlated with the SSS and negatively correlated with the PWI. On the other hand, the AEQ was positively associated with the PWI and negatively associated with the SSS. There was significantly negative correlation between the SSS and PWI. 3. In demographic characteristics, significant difference was shown only in the EES. The EES was significantly different according to grade. The difference in the SSS and PWI between 3groups were significant at the EES and AEQ. 4. Results from hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that the EES, AEQ, and AIM had influence on the SSS. And perceived the AEQ and SSS together explained 18.7% of variance in the PWI. The results of study provide evidence about the roles of emotion in psychosocial well-being. As a result, this study suggests that later study would be required to identify factors affect the psychosocial well-being and to develop the emotional education program to enhance emotional expression.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.80-89
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to discover the effect of emotional intelligence on organizational performance in clinical nurses regarding anger expression, job satisfaction, job commitment, and turnover intention. Methods: Data were collected by self-administered questionnaires from 162 clinical nurses in three university hospitals in 2008, and analyzed by the SPSS 14.0 Window program, using descriptive statistics, pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Emotional intelligence showed a statistically significant association with each of anger expression-in, anger expression-control, job satisfaction, job commitment, turnover intention, and organizational performance. The multiple regression analysis also showed that organizational performance was statistically significant with job satisfaction, job commitment, and emotional intelligence respectively. 38.0% of the variation of organizational performance was explained by these variables. Conclusion: Emotional intelligence significantly affected organizational performance together with job satisfaction and job commitment. From this result, it could be concluded that nursing interventions for emotional intelligence have a positive effect on improving organizational performance. Further studies are needed to develop nursing intervention programs for emotional intelligence and test its effects on organizational performance.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.449-463
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• 2017

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between emotional labor and occupational stress of the dental hygienists, and the effects of emotional labor on their occupational stress and health problems including depression, anxiety and sleep. Methods: The survey was conducted using the questionnaires about dental hygienists' working in medical institutions in Busan, Gyeongsangnam-do from August 19th and October 7th, 2016. Total of 225 participants were selected for data analyses. Frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, and regression analysis were conducted using SPSS Windows ver. 21.0 program(SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL. USA). Results: The analysis of the factors affecting emotional labor, occupational stress, anxiety, and sleep by participants' characteristics showed that those with higher education level, work position and annual salary had higher emotional labor. In addition, participants who worked 5 days every other week and were responsible for patient consultation had higher emotional labor. The analysis of correlations among emotional labor occupational stress, anxiety, and sleep showed positive correlations between emotional experience and emotional expression, occupational stress and emotional expression, and anxiety and emotional expression. On the other hand, negative correlation was found between anxiety and emotional experience. Regression analysis was conducted to examine the effect of emotional labor on job stress. Emotional labor was a factor affecting job stress and anxiety. Conclusions: In order to improve emotional control and vulnerability to stress among dental hygienists, intra-organizational training opportunities and mental health care strategies are needed. Additional broad-based studies are required to identify the factors affecting the occupational stress and emotional labor and to develop relevant intervention measures.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.180-183
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• 2006

The recognition of emotionality becomes so important that it is called 'emotional consumption society'. The emotional design, which is mostly concerned about users consensus and experiences, is understood from a interactive point of view, human, and space. Today, the emotional design is a new paradigm. From this point of view, this paper, which presents patterns analysis of outdoor lighting by the emotional design, applies expression techniques of the emotional design in Analysis process of outdoor lighting patterns. Also, this paper shows examples at analysis process.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.45-52
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of raising plants at home on elementary school students' emotional intelligence. The experimental group in the post-test showed significant differences in all the domains of emotional perception, emotional expression, emotional empathy, emotional control, emotional application, compared to the control group, which indicated that the activity of raising plants at home has positive effects on the emotional intelligence of high graders in elementary school. Even in the change of students' emotional intelligence according to their gender, male students in the experimental group had higher average values more than the control group, showing significant differences in all the domains of emotional perception, emotional expression, emotional empathy, emotional control, emotional application. Female students in the experimental group had the same tendency. Accordingly, as a result of this study, it was found that the activity of raising plants at home has positive effects on the improvement of elementary school high graders' emotional intelligence.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.995-1007
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the emotional intelligence of mothers on their parenting stress and parenting efficacy in an attempt to provide some information on the development of the emotional intelligence of mothers. A total of 228 mothers whose children attended kindergartens or day-care centers participated in the study and descriptive, correlation, multiple regression analysis were conducted. The results are as follows: First, mother's emotional intelligence had a negative correlation to parenting stress but positive correlation to parenting efficacy. Second, mother's emotional intelligence had a significant negative impact on parenting stress. In addition, among the sub-factors of emotional intelligence, emotional expression, emotional regulation exerted a statistically significant negative influence on parenting stress. Third, mother's emotional intelligence had a significant positive impact on parenting efficacy. In addition, among the subfactors of emotional intelligence, emotional awareness, emotional expression exerted a statistically significant positive influence on parenting efficacy.