• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.574-583
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• 2008

The results of HAPs emission data using TRI (Toxic Release Inventory), SODAM (Source Data Management system) were investigated and the emissions of 7 heavy metals from their sources and emission processes were also analyzed. Questionnaire for source data analysis as well as the stack sampling were carried out for 17 factories among 6 selected industrial types. The annual amount of emissions was estimated based on the measured concentration and flow rates. All sources were operated with high efficiency control devices and the concentration levels of all heavy metals were shown to be below 0.1 to of regulation standard. The highest emission source of heavy metals was steel manufacturing industry with the annual emission of 342.9 kg/yr and followed by hazardous waste incinerator, paint manufacturing, nonferrous metal manufacturing, rolling & press goods manufacturing and storage battery manufacturing. In the case of Hg, the emissions were quite significant from electric acros of steel manufacturing industry, although the concentration level was below the emission standard, showing the necessity of specific care for its management.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.9-14
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• 2002

The durability prediction of emission control components, especially 02 sensor and catalytic converter, is getting more important as emission regulation is getting stricter and vehicle durability mileage requirement is also extended from 80,000 ㎞ to 160,000 km in Korean market. And the duration of vehicle mileage accumulation to get vehicle exhaust emission deterioration factor for certification is required to be shorter in order to reduce the vehicle development time. Since most of the vehicle emission development tests are done on chassis dynamometer and aging bench by using vehicle aging modes, real road condition and in-use driving patterns must be reflected into them to predict the vehicle emission level and to meet emission regulation especially at high mileage. In order to get the frequent driving pattern of vehicle and the aging characteristic of emission components, a vehicle was tested by changing drivers and driving roads around Seoul. Real road driving patterns were analyzed and compared with those of the certification modes which are well known in automotive industry.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.07a
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• pp.1220-1221
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• 2008

Submicron-sized conical-type tungsten(W) field-emitters based on carbon nanotubes(CNTs) are fabricated with the configuration of CNTs/catalyst(Ni)/buffer(Al/Ni/TiN)/W-tip. This study focuses on elucidating how the Al/Ni/TiN stacked buffer layer affects the structural properties of CNTs and the electron-emission characteristics of CNT-emitters. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) are used to monitor the nanostructures, surface morphologies, chemical bonds of all the catalysts and CNTs grown. The crystalline structure of CNTs is also characterized by Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, the measurement of field-emission characteristics for the field-emitters fabricated shows that the emitter using the Al/Ni/TiN stacked buffer reveals the excellent performances.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.07a
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• pp.1218-1219
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• 2008

Thin films (< 30 nm) of titanium carbide (TiC) are coated on carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are directly grown on nano-sized ($\sim$ 500 nm in diameter) conical-type tungsten (W) tips, by employing an inductively coupled plasma-chemical vapor deposition (ICP-CVD) technique. Any modification in structural properties (such as length to diameter ratio, crystal quality, and growth behavior) of CNTs due to TiC-coating has been monitored by using high-resolution TEM, field-emission SEM, and Raman spectroscopy. Driving voltage for obtaining the same level of emission current in CNTs-emitter is significantly reduced by TiC-coating. It is also worthy of being noted that the degradation of emission current due to prolonged operation (up to 30 h) is remarkably suppressed by TiC-coating.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.144-155
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• 2018

As the public interest in environmental issues increased, the "Act On The Integrated Control Of Pollutant-Discharging Facility" was enacted. Through the integrated environmental pollution prevention act in which 19 industries with large environmental impacts are sequentially applied, pollutants can be managed in a medium-integrated manner and integrated permission of the business unit is possible and BAT can be applied to enable a scientific and proactive environmental management system. In addition, if the facility with BAT works normally, the pollutant emission is offered with the range of lower limit to upper limit. This study analyzed the overview of Best Available Techniques-Associated Emission Levels (BAT-AEL), and its setting procedure and method, and then suggested the BAT-AEL of a waste incineration facility. In comparative analysis on Emission Limit Values (ELVs) of EU, this study tries to propose improvement matters and development directions if the relevant standard is revised.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.499-506
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• 1998

Recently almost wastes except recycled garbage are dumped into landfill site in Korea. Landfills are significant compounds (NMOCS) are produced. NMOCS include reactive volative organic compound (VOC) and hazardous air pollutants. LAEEM (Landfill Air Emissions Estimation Model) developed by Control Technology Center, V.S. EPA is used to estimate a mount of landfill gas from all landfills. As the result, landfill gas 4,121,000 ton, carbon dioxide 2,951,000 ton, methane 1,1120,000 ton are estimated as emissions from all landfills in Korea.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.845-848
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• 2003

We investigated a field emission property of CNTs grown on pre-treated substrates by $H_{2}$ plasma etching method in vacuum chamber (<${10^{-7}}$ Torr). To improve the emission characteristics, various catalysts and buffer layers were used. The morphology and density of catalyst layer was controlled by the different plasma pre-treatment conditions, resulting in the control of the growth characteristics of CNTs.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.1-12
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• 1986

대기오염의 역사는 산업의 발전과 그 맥락을 같이 한다. 자동차가 대기오염의 한 Source로 주목 을 받기 시작한 것은 1940년대초 LA의 극심한 Smog발생의 원인을 찾으면서 부터이며, 1950년대 에 와서 Haagen Smit박사에 의해 Photo Smog의 Mechamism이 해석되면서 Smog를 유발하는 HC, NOx는 자동차 배출 Gas가 50% 이상을, 유해한 CO는 90%이상을 기여한다는 것이 파명되 어, 1965년 미국 California주에서 자동차에 대한 배출 Gas규제가 최초로 시작되었다. 자동차 배출 Gas로서 규제대상은 HC(타화수소), CO, NOx(질소산화물)이며, 엔진 Crankcase Emission(Blow-by Gas), Tail pipe로부터 배출되는 Exhaust Emission, 그리고 연료 Tank, 기 화기등의 연료계로부터 배출되는 Evaporative Emission에서의 HC, CO, NOx 각 상한치를 규제 하고 있다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.88-96
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• 2008

Currently, due to the serious world-wide air pollution by substances emitted from vehicles, emission control is enforced more firmly and it is expected that the regulation requirements for emission will become more severe. A new concept combustion technology that can reduce the NOx and PM in relation to combustion is urgently required. This study used a split injection method at a 4 cylinder common-rail direct injection diesel engine in order to apply the partially premixed charge compression ignition combustion method without significantly altering engine specifications And it is investigated that the effects of the injection ratio and SCV(swirl control valve) to emission characteristics. From these tests, soot(g) and NOx(g) emission could be reduced to 40% and 92% compared to base engine performance at specified engine driving conditions(6 points with weight factors) according to application of split injection and SCV(swirl control valve).

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.611-616
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• 2013

Many researches have been carried out consistently for the green ship owing to its economic increasement, efficiency and convenience. One of them is an electronic controlled marine diesel engine. However, we are suffered from dissemination of above engine, due to its anxiety about safety and reliability. In order to solve these problems in this study, emission characteristics test of main propulsive two-stroke diesel engine, equipped both electronic control and cam drive fuel injection systems, has been performed and evaluated under the various load conditions. From the test results, we have confirmed that exhaust gas emission characteristics of the electronic control system is similar to the cam drive system in eco-mode operation, but NOx in emission mode has been decreased 100ppm or more in full load condition. HC emission from the electronic control system is decreased 10~20ppm at 50% load, and 35~40ppm at 25% load in comparison to cam drive system. In fuel consumption, it is considered that 7g/kWh is decreased than the value of cam drive system at 700bar of injection pressure, which is 200bar higher than cam drive system.