• STI Policy Review
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.63-79
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• 2012

Regional innovation systems and clusters represent a fashionable conceptual basis for regional innovation policies in many industrialized countries (including South Korea). Due to questions related to climate change and environment-friendly energy production, the green industry has been increasingly discussed in relation to regional innovation systems and clusters. This explorative paper analyzes these discussions and critically examines the emergence of green clusters in South Korea based on the case of the wind power cluster in Jeonbuk Province. It tentatively concludes that the role of the central government is too powerful and the role of regional actors (policy-makers and entrepreneurs) is too weak for the successful emergence of green clusters.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.203-210
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• 2020

In order to sustainably develop economy of regions and countries, it is necessary to pay attention to formation of new clusters from a long-term perspective. This study examined concepts and characteristics of clusters, and analyzed conditions related to emergence of clusters based on previous studies. Then, this study derived important factors and intended to propose a framework that is possible to help analyze clusters in the future. The development stages were divided into four stages of occurrence, growth, maturity, and decline. As for emergence conditions, entrepreneurship, institutional support, decision factors by development stages, and requirements for the future cluster success were presented. This study has academic significance in that it presents an integrated framework to analyze cluster emergence, and based on it, this study also presents directions of future studies and the regional and national policy implications. However, this study has many limitations in that it is difficult to generalize because it has not considered all variables in various dimensions and environments.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.24-53
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• 2015

Foresight, a major methodological tool in the STI policy toolbox, has recently featured new directions in methodological development, becoming influenced by progress in information and communication technologies and online tools. However, no overview of these directions has been available so far. Based on a literature review, an interactive workshop, and an international expert survey as well as expert interviews, the research presented here attempts to shed light onto some of the relevant issues by providing a structured overview of recent changes in order to further the debate on the future directions of methodological development in foresight. The paper outlines four clusters of emerging approaches in foresight:Integrated qualitative and quantitative approaches, IT-based and automated foresight, experiential foresight including new forms of communication and interaction such as visualization and gaming, and open and crowd-sourced approaches. The benefits and challenges of the approaches known so far are categorized and summarized, and areas of potential use for each of the clusters in STI contexts are identified.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.197-223
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• 2005

The industrial cluster policy of 21st century rise to the focus method of regional economic promotion, therefore, the importance of study in cluster identification and mapping as policy task will bring into relief. This paper will confirms the estimate index and policy of industrial clusters with regional industry. The result in this case study, Cluster development should embrace the pursuit of competitive advantage and specialization rather than simply imitate successful clusters in other locations. This requires building on local sources of uniqueness. Government should reinforce and building on existing and emerging clusters rather than attempt to create entirely new ones. This sort of role for government is very different from industrial policy. The aim of cluster policy is to reinforce the development of all clusters. Not all clusters will succeed, but market forces should determine the outcomes. In other words, government should build on market- oriented system and innovative infra. The result of this study is meaning to the development of objectivity estimate index and derivation of cluster-focused policy with a case study of industrial clusters.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.42-55
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• 2012

This paper is concerned with the linkages between universities and industry in the information and communications technology (ICT) in Cyberjaya, Malaysia and Cyberabad, India. In the case of the ICT cluster of Cyberjaya, the context can be termed as greenfield cluster development as the whole project is developed from scratch. In the case of Cyberabad, India, the context can be seen as a brownfield development, where the cluster developed based on existing and new organisations in a region. There is extant literature in research, be it from an Innovation systems or a Triple Helix perspective that has given significant attention to the importance of universities as engines of growth and also about the significance of their linkages with industry innovation in regions. But as argued by scholars like Chaminade et al, most of these papers tend to ignore the specific context in which this interaction between the university and the industry takes place - this study aims to fill this gap through an exploratory study from emerging economies and in a greenfield and brownfield contexts. The findings from the two cases point towards (1) the role of intermediary organisations in developing the linkages, (2) the issue of capabilities of universities for supporting industry development and (3) university-industry linkages are different in greenfield and brown field developments. The paper presents the cases and discusses the findings and provides insights to cluster development officials and policy makers and implications to researchers for developing studies of university-industry from a capabilities and context perspectives.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.53-65
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• 2020

This study aimed to provide a basic information for managing the water quality of national and regional 1st rivers in Gyeongnam by analyzing the emerging hot spot patterns in BOD, T-P, and TOC, and by grouping the changing trends into clusters. The emerging hot spot analysis for each water quality item was implemented in ArcGIS Desktop with monthly water quality data from 96 water environmental monitoring stations in Gyeongnam, and then four patterns of water quality change were classified by the K-mean cluster analysis. As for BOD, persistent cold spot pattern covered about 42.9% of target rivers, and T-P concentration tended to be low or be getting lower at over 70% of target rivers. While, for TOC, about 70% of target rivers resulted in oscillating hot spots. In addition, the cluster analysis showed that the downstream of Nakdong river had the top priority in terms of water quality management because of the increasing concentration for all the three water quality.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2010

According to appearance of a new competitive factor, as 'Green', Green Logistics becomes the important evaluation factor for many firms in emerging competitive environment. Despite this importance, the recognition level of Korean firms on Green Logistics lags behind that of leading companies in developed countries. In addition, the literature studies and practical strategies for systematic management control plans are very insufficient. In this paper, we establish decision making framework of Green Logistics by using ANP(analytic network process). Specifically, we suggest at first the overall concepts and issues of Green Logistics through literature studies. Next, we derive 6 clusters and 21 components forming the strategic green logistics, and then we conduct surveys for pairwise comparison of experts on Green Logistics and compute relative weights of the clusters, components and altanatives considering the feedback structure. We expect that the results of this study will be very helpful for managers to make strategic decisions.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.29.4-29.4
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• 2020

Structure in the universe forms hierarchically with the small scales forming first and merging into larger scales. Galaxy clusters are at the pinnacle of the formation process. Peering far into the universe, we can observe galaxy clusters early in their evolution. SpARCSJ1049+56 is a galaxy cluster located at a redshift of 1.71. It has been shown to be rich in cluster galaxies, to have intense star formation, and to have a significant amount of molecular gas. Through careful control of systematics, we detected the weak-lensing signal from this distant galaxy cluster. I will present our HST infrared weak-lensing detection of the cluster with a focus on the method. Our lensing analysis found that the cluster is massive and is rare in a LambdaCDM universe. I will also present the Chandra X-ray discovery of cold gas coincident with the intense star formation and discuss the implications of the detection.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.101-105
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• 2010

Taking the great advantage of Subaru's wide field coverage both in the optical and in the near infrared, we have been providing panoramic views of distant clusters and their surrounding environments over the wide redshift range of 0:4 < z < 3. From our unique data sets, a consistent picture has been emerging that the star forming activity is once enhanced and then truncated in galaxy groups in the outskirts of clusters during the course of cluster assembly at z < 1. Such activity is shifted into cluster cores as we go further back in time to z ~ 1.5. At z = 2 - 2.5, we begin to enter the epoch when massive galaxies are actually forming in the cluster core. And by z ~ 3, we eventually go beyond the major epoch of massive galaxy formation. It is likely that the environmental dependence of star forming activity is at least partly due to the external environmental effects such as galaxy-galaxy interaction in medium density regions at z < 1, while the intrinsic effect of galaxy formation bias overtakes the external effect at higher redshifts, resulting in a large star formation activity in the cluster center.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.105-110
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• 2003

Recent observations of galaxy clusters in radio and X-ray indicate that cosmic rays and magnetic fields may be energetically important in the intracluster medium. According to the estimates based on theses observational studies, the combined pressure of these two components of the intracluster medium may range between $10\%{\~}100\%$ of gas pressure, although their total energy is probably time dependent. Hence, these non-thermal components may have influenced the formation and evolution of cosmic structures, and may provide unique and vital diagnostic information through various radiations emitted via their interactions with surrounding matter and cosmic background photons. We suggest that shock waves associated with cosmic structures, along with individual sources such as active galactic nuclei and radio galaxies, supply the cosmic rays and magnetic fields to the intracluster medium and to surrounding large scale structures. In order to study 1) the properties of cosmic shock waves emerging during the large scale structure formation of the universe, and 2) the dynamical influence of cosmic rays, which were ejected by AGN-like sources into the intracluster medium, on structure formation, we have performed two sets of N-body /hydrodynamic simulations of cosmic structure formation. In this contribution, we report the preliminary results of these simulations.