• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.223-236
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• 2016

As the medical environment and dental services change, the importance of educating dentists in responses to systemic emergencies is increasing. The current student-oriented education paradigm is moving towards training students in the abilities required to address the daily crises they will face, while also providing them with the ability to deliver knowledge. Before addressing a patient's situation, emergency physicians begin by diagnosing symptoms. As they must decide on the tests and treatments that are immediately required and must solve problems through interdisciplinary treatment, emergency physicians require additional skills and communication abilities besides clinical knowledge. Since dentistry colleges provide education that emphasizes the skills dentists require to treat oral diseases, they do not have sufficient time to teach emergency care. Additionally, because their professors lack expertise in pedagogy, dental students also have insufficient motivation to study the pathophysiology of systemic diseases. This review proposes a direction of teaching that can help dental students recognize problems and situations in emergency cases and that can help them develop their capability to immediately make a decision and resolve the problem. To do this, the author surveyed the educational philosophy and knowledge provided in the instructional design of clinical professors who give lectures on emergency care, and also examined the teaching methods of the learner-oriented education paradigm.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 2000

This is a study to evaluate the effects of the change of EMT students' acceptance on meaning "Korean style translation of EMT". The major instruments of this study were Korean Self-Analysis Acceptance Opinionnaire. This Questionnaire contains 3 items which measure students' opinions or attitudes. The data were analyzed by the path analysis - with SPSS and AMOS package program. The result are as follows: 1) Y(before admission) ＝ $0.11{\times}1$(teaching)+$0.12{\times}2$(elder)+$0.57{\times}2$(peer)+E. 2) Y(student) ＝ $0.87{\times}1$(teaching)+$0.49{\times}2$(elder)+$0.59{\times}2$(peer)+E. 3) Y(before graduation) ＝ $0.57{\times}1$(teaching)+$0.63{\times}2$(elder)+$0.73{\times}2(peer)$+E.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.43-58
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• 2023

Purpose: This study explored the values and attitudes toward the death of paramedic students. It comprehensively investigated paramedic students' first encounters with death during their clinical practice. Methods: Between December 2022 and January 2023, in-depth interviews were conducted with seven paramedic students who underwent clinical practice. Their experiences with death and grievances were explored by applying Colaizzi's (1978) phenomenological research method. Results: After exploring and analyzing the collected data, the context and meaning of the phenomenon were integrated. Resultingly, five major categories and 16 subcategories were derived. Conclusion: Universities should introduce a practical curriculum on experiences with death to reduce the negative emotions associated with death that paramedic students experience during their clinical practice and convert them into opportunities for reflection and growth.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.91-101
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• 2012

Purpose: This study aims to assess the influencing factors on the level of satisfaction with clinical training and to provide basic data for more efficient clinical training. Method: The study was conducted on 402 paramedic students who have experienced clinical training from September 6 until October 12 in 2011. The questionnaires consisted of 40 questions. We used SPSS 18.0 frequency analysis, technical statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis. Result: 1. The level of satisfaction with clinical training showed significant difference between the frequency (F=8.837, p=.000) and clinical training managers (F=5.418, p=.001). 2. The level of satisfaction with clinical training showed the strongest positive correlation with the satisfaction of clinical training hospitals (r=.694, p=.000). 3. Multiple regression analysis revealed the most powerful predictor for satisfaction with clinical training was the satisfaction level of clinical training hospitals(48.2%) and the frequency of clinical training experiences(.8%), the preparation before the clinical training(5.4%), the total duration of clinical training(.7%), and the satisfaction of emergency department education(1.0%). These five variables accounted for 56.1% of the satisfaction of clinical training among paramedic students. Conclusion: As student's satisfaction of the clinical training increases, the quality of paramedics is expected to improve in the future. As a result, the future paramedics can be nurtured to be highly skilled in on-the-scene emergency situations after graduation.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare the level of physical fitness and isokinetic strength, between EMT student and physical education students. Nine a major in EMT student volunteers, and nine a major in physical education student volunteers participated in that study as subjects. The basic physical body composition, fitness and isokinetic strength were measured. The data obtained in the study was analyzed by SPSS PC+ for window version 10.0. The difference in the mean of each variable between the two groups was analyzed by using the independent t-test and the significance level for all analysis was set at <.05. The results were as follows ; 1. There was a significant difference in the basic physical fitness between the two groups with the exception flexibility. The difference showed the statistical significance on back strength, balance and power in physical education students. 2. There were significant difference in body composition between the two groups with the exception of lean body fat. The difference showed the statistical significance on body fat%, body fat mass in the physical education students. 3. There was significant defference in the isokinetic strength between the two group. The difference showed the statistical significance on peak torque, peak torque B/W%. It was concluded that the physical education students may not have an effect of flexibility; however, back strength, balance, power, body composition, isokinetic strength, could be enhanced due to the long-term period of training. Based on the findings of this study, the regular participation of regular exercise help the untrained men achieve health-related fitness.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.176-182
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• 2017

Background: Current evidence suggests that intravenous magnesium sulfate might be effective for reducing migraine pain. In a recent pilot study, we showed that intravenous caffeine citrate could reduce the severity of migraine headache. The objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy of intravenous caffeine citrate vs. magnesium sulfate for management of acute migraine headache. Methods: We conducted a prospective quasi-experimental study from January until May 2016 in two educational medical centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (Shoahadaye Tajrish Hospital and Imam Hossein Hospital), Tehran, Iran. The study included patients who were referred to the emergency department and met the migraine diagnosis criteria of the International Headache Society. Patients were allocated into 2 groups receiving either 60 mg intravenous caffeine or 2 g intravenous magnesium sulfate. The pain scores, based on the visual analog scale, were recorded on admission, as well as one and two hours after receiving the drug. A Chi-Square test and student t-test were used for analysis of baseline characteristics. A Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon singed rank test were used to analyze differences in the visual analogue scale (VAS) score between and within the groups respectively. Results: In total, 70 patients (35 patients in each group) with the mean age of $33.1{\pm}11.3years$ were included (64.3% female). For the Caffeine citrate group, the median pain score decreased from 9.0 (2.0) to 5.0 (4.0) after one hour and to 3.0 (4.0) after two hours. For the magnesium sulfate group, the pain score decreased from 8.0 (2.0) to 2.0 (2.0) after one hour and to 0.0 (1.0) after two hours. Both intravenous caffeine citrate and intravenous magnesium sulfate reduced pain scores significantly but the magnesium sulfate group showed more improvement than the Caffeine citrate group after one hour (P < 0.001) and after two hours (P < 0.001). Conclusions: It is likely that both intravenous caffeine and intravenous magnesium sulfate can reduce the severity of migraine headache. Moreover, intravenous magnesium sulfate at a dose of 2 g might be superior to intravenous caffeine citrate 60 mg for the short term management of migraine headache in emergency departments.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.115-127
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• 2009

Purpose : This study is descriptive correlation research aimed to examine knowledge and performance ability of cardiopulmonary resuscitation of student attending the college and provide basic materials in developing cardiopulmonary resuscitation program. Methods : Data collection was conducted with the 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade college students sampled randomly by giving them questionnaire from Sep. 1 to 4, 2008. It used the research instrument used by Choi Hyang Ok(2006) and revised and complemented by the researcher and 200 data excluding questionnaire showing unfaithful responses were used for analysis. Data collected were verified with technical statistics using SPSS/PC(version 12.0), t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results : The results of this study are as follows. 1. Subjects' knowledge score of cardiopulmonary resuscitation was average .40(out of 1) and their performance ability score was average 2.39. 2. In the knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation according to subjects' general characteristics, score was higher between over thirty and below twenty in age and in male subjects by sex and there were statistically significant differences(t=3.069, p=.029). 3. In the knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation related to subjects' cardiopulmonary resuscitation, there were statistically significant differences in such variables as 'have you ever heard about cardiopulmonary resuscitation' (t=3.685, p=.000), 'presence or absence of education of cardiopulmonary resuscitation'(t=3.764, p=.000) and 'experience of observing cardiopulmonary resuscitation'(t=4.747, p=.000). In the performance ability of cardiopulmonary resuscitation by subjects, there were also statistically significant differences in such variables as 'have you ever heard about cardiopulmonary resuscitation' (t=2.269, p=.024), 'presence or absence of education of cardiopulmonary resuscitation' (t=3.541, p=.000) and 'experience of observing cardiopulmonary resuscitation' (t=8.118, p=,000). 4. Relation between the knowledge and the performance ability of cardiopulmonary resuscitation showed positive correlations as the more knowledge, the higher performance ability(r=.570, p=.000). Conclusion : Consequently, it was found that the knowledge and the performance ability of cardiopulmonary resuscitation by subjects were below the average and their levels of knowledge and performance ability were varied. Therefore, if 1 : 1 education with theory and practice considering knowledge and performance ability of each student in performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation education with college students is conducted, more lives can be saved by applying cardiopulmonary resuscitation not to be embarrassed when they encounter cardiac arrest case and contribute to the increase of survival of cardiac arrest patients.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2014

Purpose. The checked of perception for the protection of personal medical information of EMT student and Nursing student. Methods. Nursing students and EMT students 200 questionnaires were collected and Frequency analysis, Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA was performed for using the Windows SPSS(ver. 12.0). Results. Most of the subjects were aware of the protection law of personal information and Infringement of the privacy of personal information will be exposed. also, Education is needed privacy(EMT students $3.84{\pm}0.96$, Nursing students $3.73{\pm}0.99$). EMT($3.99{\pm}1.00$) and Nursing($4.07{\pm}0.94$)students due to exposure to both the patient's personal information privacy was violated would get recognized. Exposure to the computerization of information privacy will be exploited in other agencies(EMT students $3.78{\pm}0.88$, Nursing students $3.95{\pm}0.94$) was called. Conclusions. For the protection of personal health information, education needs to be expanded.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.23-36
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine how the use of level D personal protective equipment (PPE) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) feedback equipment affects chest compression (CC). Furthermore, this study provides basic data for developing Korean CPR guidelines that can be applied to patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Methods: This randomized, single-blinded, crossover simulation trial included 26 student paramedics who performed 2-minute chest compressions using three different methods: Method A involved performing traditional CC for two minutes without donning level D PPE, Method B involved performing CC while donning level D PPE, and Method C involved performing CC with a CPR feedback device while donning level D PPE. Results: The use of a CPR feedback device during the 2-minute CC increased the exercise intensity of the subjects, but donning level D PPE didn't affect the quality of CC and the exercise intensity. The results of methods A and B showed changes in the quality of compression 80 seconds after the start of CC. No significant changes occurred in 2-minute CC when using the CPR feedback device. Conclusion: Using a CPR feedback device could prevent deterioration in the quality of CC while donning level D PPE.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.70-80
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• 2015

This research was conducted to improve the image of female emergency workers in a fire service organization by studying the perception trends of the increasing number of female paramedics. This human resource can be utilized more effectively by using the study results as baseline data. We conducted a survey from May 1 to June 30, 2013. The survey was analyzed using Q methodology and the program QUANL. For the Q sample, 31 emergency rescue paramedic students who had experienced ambulance field education were selected. As a result, four types of female paramedics were found; "superwoman," "hero" (who pushes against limits of stamina), "delicate guardian angel," and "skillful desk worker." The explanation powers were as follows: type I: 42.2%; type II: 4.8%; type III: 4%; and type IV: 3.6%. The sum of the figures explained 54.7% of the total variables. Generally, the students recognized female paramedics as professionals, but physical strength, baby care, and caring were considered as burdens. This requires changes in the organization's perception of female paramedics and an institutional strategy.