• 생물정신의학
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.110-116
• /
• 2004

Objectives:Recently, polymorphisms of several serotonin genes have been suggested to be associated with suicide, but the results are still unclear. We examined whether the T102C polymorphisms of the serotonin 2A receptor gene and the G861C polymorphisms of the serotonin 1B receptor gene were associated with suicidal behavior using drug intoxication. Methods:The subjects were 52 patients who visited emergency room with suicidal behaviors. Fifty controls were selected from healthy volunteers matched for sex and age to the suicide subjects. The polymorphisms were analyzed with TaqMan$^{(R)}$ assay using primers based on previous studies. Results:The T102C polymorphism of the serotonin 2A receptor gene showed no significant difference between the suicidal attempters and controls in both genotype and allele frequency analyses(p=0.179 and p=0.422, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between the suicidal attempters and the controls in the G861C polymorphism of the serotonin 1B receptor gene and any significant effect of the genotype distributions or the allele frequencies was not observed(p=0.092 and p=0.987, respectively). Conclusion:These findings suggest that the T102C polymorphism in serotonin 2A receptor gene and the G861C polymorphism in serotonin 1B receptor gene are not related to the susceptibility to suicide attempts using drugs. To clarify the genetic influences of the serotonergic system on suicidal behavior, the polymorphisms of other candidate genes in the serotonergic system should be studied with larger numbers of subjects.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.15-20
• /
• 2006

본 연구는 상대식 지하철 역사에서 화재발생시 작동되는 두 가지 환기팬 풍량에 의한 열 및 연기 분포 특성 예측을 위하여 수치해석적 연구를 수행하였다. 터널연결부에서 발생되는 자연풍, 배기구 유속 및 온도 등 PART I에서 얻은 계측값을 경계조건으로 입력하였다. 배연용량에 따른 승강장 내의 열, 연기, 가시거리 그리고 유독가스 분포를 파악하기 위하여 2가지 경우를 고려하였다. Case I에서는 해당역사 현장에서 계측한 값을 Case II에서는 국가화재 안전기준(National Fire Safety Codes, NFSC 501)에서 제시한 배연량을 사용하였다. 수치해석 결과에서 보여주듯이 배기구의 유속 크기는 화재에 의한 열 및 연기유동에 크게 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있으며, 배연 풍량이 클수록 높은 제연효과를 나타내는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.55-65
• /
• 2003

Purpose: The purpose was to investigate the factors influencing the alcohol consumption behavior of adolescents to provide basic data for a nursing intervention program to improve health management and prohibit alcohol consumption. Method: The subjects were 306 university students, living in K city in Chungnam province from April 1 to 20th, 2002. The instruments used were the alcohol consumption behavior scale, that is the drinking intensity score, and developed by Shin(1998)'s scale of drinking problem, refusal self-efficacy scale by Aas et. al.(1995), alcohol expectancy by Goldman et. al. (1989), TPQ scale by Cloninger(1991), depression scale by Zung(1974), family cohesion scale by Olson et. al. (1983). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression by using SPSS & SAS program. Results: The multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of alcohol consumption behavior was the influence of friends (drinking everyday) (17.0%). A combination of alcohol expectancy (8.0%), influence of friends (4.0%), father's influence (2.0%), depression(2.0%), refusal self-efficacy (1.0%), personality of harm avoidance(1.0%), and monthly pocket money (2.0%) accounted for 38.6% of the variance in alcohol consumption behavior. Conclusion: From the results, we recommend to use the database that develops nursing intervention program for decreasing the alcohol consumption behavior including the influencing factors in university students.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.401-408
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 응급구조(학)을 전공하는 학생들의 메르스에 관한 지식, 태도 및 예방행위와의 관계를 파악하여 메르스 예방교육에 대한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 연구방법은 2019년 11월 8일부터 2019년 11월 30일까지 P시 3년제 대학 응급구조과에 재학 중인 167명을 대상으로 하였고, 연구도구는 구조화된 설문지를 이용하였다. 연구결과는 SPSS/WIN 23.0을 사용하여 분석하였다. 대상자의 메르스 교육 경험은 경험자 74명(44.3%), 비 경험자 93명(55.7%)으로 경험하지 않은 대상자가 많은 것으로 나타났으며, 메르스에 관한 태도 항목에서는 '메르스 환자를 다룰 때는 반드시 개인보호장비를 착용해야 한다'에서 평균 4.54±0.87로 높게 나타났으며, 메르스에 관한 예방행위항목에서는 '평소보다 더 자주 손을 씻었다'에서 평균 3.82±1.06으로 높게 나타났다. 메르스에 대한 상관관계분석 결과 '친구 모임, 외식, 스포츠 관람, 쇼핑 등을 취소하거나 미루었다' 한 항목에서 r=-.63, p<.004로 음(-)의 상관관계를 제외하고 모두 태도가 높을수록 예방행위 수준이 높았다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 메르스에 대한 교육수준 및 지식수준을 향상시킬 수 있는 교육 프로그램의 개발이 필요하며, 메르스에 대한 체계적이고 반복적인 교육이 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.193-201
• /
• 2020

본 연구 목적은 선형가속기를 통해 입사된 전자가 표적(target)을 구성하는 물질과 두께에 따른 광자 특성을 평가하는 것이다. 전산모사 설계는 2 mm 두께의 텅스텐 단일물질과 1.8 mm 와 2.3 mm 두께의 텅스텐과 구리 복합물질로 구성된 선형가속기 표적(Target)이다. 연구 방법은 첫째, 표적 내 일차 입자의 거동은 전자플루언스와 전자 에너지 축적으로 평가하였다. 둘째, 표적 내에서 발생하는 광자는 광자 플루언스로 평가하였다. 셋째, 표적으로부터 1 m 거리에서의 광자 각-에너지 분포는 광자 플루언스로 평가하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 단일물질과 복합물질 표적에서의 전자 플루언스와 에너지 축적을 통해 일차 입자인 전자가 표적 밖으로 방출되지 않았으며, 표적 두께에 따라 전자가 음의 선형적으로 감쇄하였다. 둘째, 복합물질 표적이 단일물질 표적보다 광자 생성이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 물질 구성 성분과 두께가 광자 생성에 영향을 준다는 사실을 확인하였다. 셋째, 차폐 해석에 필요한 각 분포에 따른 광자 플루언스를 계산하였다. 이러한 결과는 선형가속기 표적을 구성하는 물질과 두께에 따라 광자 생성률이 차이 나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서, 본 연구는 국가에서 도입 중인 컨테이너 보안 검색용 선형가속기 사용시설의 설계 및 운영 시 필요한 자료이며, 방사선 방호에 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.205-220
• /
• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide basic data to develop safety education programs in elementary school. Method: Analysis is made based on textbooks for $1st-{\sim}6th-grade$ elementary school students published by Korea Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development. Results: 1) Among the textbooks. only , . , and courses dealt with safety education. 2) The contents of safety education included traffic safety, water safety, indoor and outdoor safety, fire, emergency measures, misuse and abuse of drug, smoking, toy safety, sports safety, leasure safety and disasters. However, the contents were theoretical, fragmentary, local and limited. Conclusion: These results suggest that the consents of safety education must be strengthened, and more practical and more behavior-oriented in consideration of activities.

• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.95-100
• /
• 2000

This is a study to evaluate the effects of the safety of ambulance driving and traffic accidents and to provide statistic information for the various factors to reduce the ambulance traffic accidents. The major instruments of this study were Korean Self-Analysis Driver Opinionnaire. This Questionnaire contains 8 items which measure drivers' opinions or attitudes: driving courtesy, emotion, traffic law, speed, vehicle condition, the use of drugs, high-risk behavior, human factors. The total of 145 divers were investigated ambulance drivers in Taejon City and others(6 City) from 2000. 5. July to 2000. 11. July. The data were analyzed by the path analysis - with SPSS and AMOS package program. The result are as follows : 1. It have suggested that risk factors of ambulance traffic accident much affected with emotion and speed control on safety ambulance driving(Y(Accident) = $0.88{\times}1$(Emotion Control) + $0.92{\times}2$(Speed) - $0.46{\times}3$(Traffic Law)+E). 2. It have suggested that risk factors of ambulance traffic accident much affected with emotion and speed control on safety ambulance driving(Y(Accident) = $0.398{\times}1$(Emotion Control) + $0.500{\times}2$(Speed) - $0.263{\times}3$(Traffic Law)+E) by coefficiecial structural analysis.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.52-59
• /
• 2008

Most accident reconstruction or analysis depend on the coefficient of friction to estimate the vehicle speeds. Skid mark and coefficient of friction are usually utilized to calculate the velocity and behavior of vehicles. For a critical case such as traffic accident reconstruction, however, the initial velocity of the car should be calculated precisely. In this paper, emergency brake tests on ABS and Non-ABS brake system are conducted on the dry pavement asphalt road on speed 40, 60, 80 and 100 km/h respectively. The SWIFT sensor was established in the front wheel and rear wheel at driver side to measure the forces, moments and speeds of revolution of the tires. These tests results can be available to brake tests and accident reconstruction.

• 대한치과마취과학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.103-110
• /
• 2013

Background: Recently the use of sedation by pediatric dentists in Korea is increased. This study describes training programs about sedation practices in Korean pediatric dentistry residency program. Methods: A questionnaire was filled in by participants of Korean Academy of Pediatric Dentistry on 17th-18th August, 2008. Also the data about sedation practices of the training institution is collected by phone call. Results: Seventy two percent of respondents used sedation. Most of them used sedation with agents under 25% of their patients. Distribution of ages in patients sedated with agents was 3 years, 4-5 years, under 2 years, 6-10 years, and more than 10 years. Determinative factors of using sedation were behavior management, number of visiting, amount of treatment and general condition, and oral route was the most favorable route. Sixty six percent of them have failed on sedation, and thity percent of them have rarely failed on sedation. Only fifty percent of dentists using sedation completed the cardiopulmonary resuscitation course. Conclusions: For safety, dentists using sedation need to be educated about emergency equipment and management. Especially medication dose, use frequency and the detail related to treatment procedure should be discussed carefully. Also putting a patient under general anesthesia and taking emergency measures should be discussed with Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology.

• 한국기계가공학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.8-15
• /
• 2021

Despite advances in technology, crushing accidents still occur during emergency evacuations of crowded public spaces. To prevent crushing accidents, it is necessary to understand the flow of pedestrians during evacuation scenarios through experiments. Since experiments with humans can generate real accidents, we performed experiments on rodents to approximate human behavior. To trigger an emergency evacuation response, we applied electrical stimulation to the feet of the rodents. Although electrical stimulation has been applied to mice in many experiments, studies on the intensity and pattern of electric stimulation required to evoke a rapid evacuation response in mice is still lacking. In this study, we experimentally investigated how the evacuation flow of mice changes according to the amplitude, event, and duration of electric stimulation.