• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.553-556
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• 2005

ANSI C 언어는 UNIX 시스템에서 뿐만 아니라 DOS 환경에서 수행되는 C 컴파일러와 각종 지원 도구가 개발되어 보급됨으로써 오늘날 널리 사용되는 범용 프로그래밍 언어 중 하나이다. EVM(Embedded Virtual Machine)은 ANSI C 언어와 SUN사의 Java 언어 등을 모두 수용할 수 있는 임베디드 시스템을 위한 가상 기계이며, SIL(Standard Intermediate Language)은 EVM에서 실행되는 중간언어로 다양한 프로그래밍 언어를 수용하기 위해서 객체지향 언어와 순차적 언어를 모두 수용하기 위한 연산 코드 집합을 갖고 있다. EVM을 위한 ANSI C 컴파일러는 ANSI C 언어를 받아 들여 EVM의 중간 언어인 SIL 코드를 출력한다. ANSI C 컴파일러에서 어휘 분석과 구문 분석 과정에서 인식되는 명칭에 대해서 그 속성들을 수집하고 이용한다. 이 속성들은 명칭이 명시적으로 혹은 묵시적으로 정의되는 곳에서 심벌 테이블에 수집된다. 본 논문에서는 수집된 정보가 올바르게 되었는지 확인하기 위하여 심벌 테이블에 있는 정보를 다시 ANSI C 언어로 복원시키는 역변역기(detranslator)를 구현하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.95-97
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• 2000

자바는 플랫폼 독립성, 보안, 멀티 쓰레드 지원, 가베지 콜렉터 등 많은 장점을 갖고 있는 언어이다. 하지만 현재의 자바 가상 기계(JVM)는 시간 제약 조건을 갖는 주기적인 태스크 수행, 실시간 스케쥴링 등 실시간 응용을 위한 지원이 미흡한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 실시간 운영체제인 VxWorks와 내장형 JVM인 퍼스널 자바 상에서 실시간 응용 프로그램의 지원을 위한 자바 쓰레드를 설계, 구현한다. 이를 위해 기존의 자바 쓰레드에 시작시간, 주기, 종료시한 등의 시간 속성을 삽입하고, 실시간 자바 쓰레드 API 클래스를 구현한다. 실시간 스케쥴러를 세가지 방식으로 구현한다. 첫째는, JVM을 수정하지 않고 시간 속성에 따라 쓰레드에 우선 순위를 할당하여 스케쥴링하는 방식이고, 둘째는 JVM을 수정하여 시간 속성에 따라 VxWorks 커널 스케쥴러를 통해 스케쥴링하는 방식이며, 셋째는 독립적인 스케쥴링 태스크를 구현하는 방식이다. 쓰레드 생성, 문맥 교환 등의 오버헤드와 스케쥴링 시 종료시한 초과 비율 등의 기준을 통해 각각의 성능을 비교한 결과, VxWorks 커널 스케쥴러를 이용한 방식이 가장 적합하다는 결론을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.367-368
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• 2007

본 논문은 홈 네트워크 시스템에서 사용자의 편의를 고려한 홈 서버 구현 방안에 대해 제안한다. 홈 서버는 리눅스 기반의 임베디드 보드 또는 PC를 사용할 수 있고 시스템은 인터넷 망을 기반으로 하고 있으며 클라이언트, 서버, 시뮬레이터로 구성되어 있다. 사용자는 웹 브라우저를 내장한 모든 기기에서 서버에 접속할 수 있다. 클라이언트 프로그램은 모든 종류의 CPU와 OS를 지원하기 위하여 자바 애플릿을 사용하였다. 사용자는 별도의 프로그램 설치 없이 원격에서 서버의 웹 페이지를 통해 접속하고 각종 기기들을 제어할 수 있으며 손쉽게 데이터를 공유할 수 있다. 서버는 리눅스 기반으로 웹 서비스를 할 수 있도록 서버가 구축되어있고 클라이언트 프로그램과 동일한 이유로 자바언어를 사용하여 서버 프로그램을 작성하였다. PC 대신 사용할 수 있는 임베디드 리눅스 보드는 내장형 시스템을 구성하는데 유용하며 홈 네트워크 시스템뿐만 아니라 각종 분야 등에도 널리 이용되어 질 수 있다. 임베디드 보드는 많은 자원을 필요로 하지 않는 국한된 목적의 시스템에 적용하기에 적합하며 널리 사용되고 있다. 시스템 구성을 위해 임베디드 보드에 리눅스를 포팅하고, 웹서버를 사용 가능하게 만들어 준 후, 자바 프로그램을 실행하기 위한 JVM(Java Virtual Machine)과 서블릿 및 JSP등의 자바 코드를 이해할 수 있는 엔진을 포팅하였다. 이로써 웹 서버로서의 역할과 홈 네트워킹 서버로서의 역할을 동시에 수행하게 된다. 시뮬레이션 프로그램은 자바 어플리케이션 프로그램을 사용하였고 데이터의 정상적인 전달여부와 기기들의 상태를 모니터링 할 수 있다.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2006

The home network system guarantees families a safe, economical, socially integrated and healthy life by using information appliances. And it provides a family with domestic safety, control of instruments, controllable energy and health monitoring by connecting to home appliances. This study designs the broadband PLC home controller using broadband PLC(Power Line Communication) technology which can save much cost at a network infrastructure by using the existing power line at home. The broadband PLC home controller consists of the broadband PLC module, the embedded main controller module and I/O module. The broadband PLC home controller can control various domestic appliances such as an auto door-lock, a boiler, an oven, etc., because it has various I/O specifications. In this study, selected home network middleware for the broadband PLC home controller is Jini surrogate using Jini technology designed by means of access to easily a home network system without a limitation of the devices. And a client application program is supported java servlet program to manage and monitor the broadband PLC home controller via web browser of a PC or a PDA, etc. Finally, for an application, we implemented and tested a home security system using one broadband PLC home controller.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.100-105
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• 2008

Cost reduction, time to market, and quality improvement of software product are critical issues to the software companies which try to survive in recent competitive market environments. Software Product Line Engineering (SPLE) is one of the approaches to address these issues. The goal of software product line is to maximize the software reuse and achieve the best productivity with the minimum cost. In software product line, software components are classified into the common and variable modules for composition work. In this paper, we proposed a dynamic composition process based on aspect-oriented programming methodology in which software requirements are classified into the core-concerns and cross-cutting concerns, and then assembled into the final software product. It enables developers to concentrate on the core logics of given problem, not the side-issues of software product such as transactions and logging. We also proposed useful composition patterns based on aspect oriented programming paradigm. Finally, we implemented a prototype of the proposed process using Java and Aspect to show the proposed approach's feasibility. The scenario of the prototype is based on the embedded analysis software of telecommunication devices.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.780-787
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• 2018

This article presents a security module based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) to mitigate man-in-the-middle cyber attacks. Nowadays, the FPGA is considered to be the state of the art in nuclear power plants I&C systems due to its flexibility, reconfigurability, and maintainability of the FPGA technology; it also provides acceptable solutions for embedded computing applications that require cybersecurity. The proposed FPGA-based security module is developed to mitigate information-gathering attacks, which can be made by gaining physical access to the network, e.g., a man-in-the-middle attack, using a cryptographic process to ensure data confidentiality and integrity and prevent injecting malware or malicious data into the critical digital assets of a nuclear power plant data communication system. A model-based system engineering approach is applied. System requirements analysis and enhanced function flow block diagrams are created and simulated using CORE9 to compare the performance of the current and developed systems. Hardware description language code for encryption and serial communication is developed using Vivado Design Suite 2017.2 as a programming tool to run the system synthesis and implementation for performance simulation and design verification. Simple windows are developed using Java for physical testing and communication between a personal computer and the FPGA.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.146-153
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• 2001

A new password authentication method Is proposed in this paper for the purpose of providing web page authors the convenience in deploying password-protected Web realms at a web server. According to this method. a web realm is mapped to a secret directory at the web server. in which access-controlled web pages are stored. A password is used to construct the name of the secret directory. A javaScript code is embedded in a sign-in web pageoutside the secret directory, which converts the user-entered password into the directory name and forms a complete URL pointing to an access-controlled web page inside the secret directory. Thus, only users knowing the password can compose a valid URL and retrieve the access-controlled web page. Using this method, web page authors can deploy password-protected web realms in a server-independent manner.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2024

The Melanesian region in the western Pacific is dominated by complex plate tectonics, with the largest oceanic plateau, the OntongJava plateau, and a hotspot, the Caroline Islands. To better understand the complex geodynamics of the region, we estimate P- and S-velocity models and 𝛿 (V_P/V_S) model by using relative teleseismic travel times measured at seismometers on land and the seafloor. Our results show high-velocity anomalies in the subduction zones of the Melanesian region to a depth of about 400 km, which is thought to be subducting Solomon Sea, Bismarck, and Australian plates along plate boundaries. Along subduction zones, positive 𝛿 (V_P/V_S) anomalies are found, which may be caused by partial melting due to dehydration. A broad high-velocity anomaly is observed at 600 km depth below the Ontong-Java plateau, with a negative 𝛿 (V_P/V_S) anomaly. This is thought to be a viscous and dry remnant of the Pacific plate that subducted at 45-25 Ma, with a low volume of fluids due to dehydration for a long period in the mantle transition zone. Beneath the Caroline Islands, a strong low-velocity anomaly is obseved to a depth of 800 km and appears to be connected to the underside of the remnant Pacific plate in the mantle transition zone. This suggests that the mantle plume originating in the lower mantle has been redirected due to the interaction with the remnant Pacific plate and has reached its current location. The mantle plume also has a positive 𝛿 (V_P/V_S) anomaly, which is thought to be due to the influence of embedded fluids or partial melting. A high-velocity anomaly, interpreted as an effect of the thick lithosphere beneath the Ontong-Java plateau, is observed down to 300 km depth with a negative 𝛿 (V_P/V_S) anomaly, which likely indicate that little fluid remains in the melt residue accumulated in the lithosphere.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 2003

In medical imaging, three-dimensional (3D) display using Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) as a portable file format can give intuitive information more efficiently on the World Wide Web (WWW). The web-based 3D visualization of functional images combined with anatomical images has not studied much in systematic ways. The goal of this study was to achieve a simultaneous observation of 3D anatomic and functional models with planar images on the WWW, providing their locational information in 3D space with a measuring implement using VRML. MRI and ictal-interictal SPECT images were obtained from one epileptic patient. Subtraction ictal SPECT co-registered to MRI (SISCOM) was performed to improve identification of a seizure focus. SISCOM image volumes were held by thresholds above one standard deviation (1-SD) and two standard deviations (2-SD). SISCOM foci and boundaries of gray matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the MRI volume were segmented and rendered to VRML polygonal surfaces by marching cube algorithm. Line profiles of x and y-axis that represent real lengths on an image were acquired and their maximum lengths were the same as 211.67 mm. The real size vs. the rendered VRML surface size was approximately the ratio of 1 to 605.9. A VRML measuring tool was made and merged with previous VRML surfaces. User interface tools were embedded with Java Script routines to display MRI planar images as cross sections of 3D surface models and to set transparencies of 3D surface models. When transparencies of 3D surface models were properly controlled, a fused display of the brain geometry with 3D distributions of focal activated regions provided intuitively spatial correlations among three 3D surface models. The epileptic seizure focus was in the right temporal lobe of the brain. The real position of the seizure focus could be verified by the VRML measuring tool and the anatomy corresponding to the seizure focus could be confirmed by MRI planar images crossing 3D surface models. The VRML application developed in this study may have several advantages. Firstly, 3D fused display and control of anatomic and functional image were achieved on the m. Secondly, the vector analysis of a 3D surface model was defined by the VRML measuring tool based on the real size. Finally, the anatomy corresponding to the seizure focus was intuitively detected by correlations with MRI images. Our web based visualization of 3-D fusion image and its localization will be a help to online research and education in diagnostic radiology, therapeutic radiology, and surgery applications.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.15
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• pp.6109-6113
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• 2014

Background: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with molecular subtypes that have biological distinctness and different behavior. They are classified into luminal A, luminal B, Her-2 and triple negative/basal-like molecular subtypes. Most of breast cancers reported in Indonesia are already large size, with high grade or late stage but the clinicopathological features of different molecular subtypes are still unclear. They need to be better clarified to determine proper treatment and prognosis. Aim: To elaborate the clinicopathological features of molecular subtypes of breast cancers in Indonesian women. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of 84 paraffin-embedded tissues of breast cancer samples from Dr. Sardjito General Hospital in Central Java, Indonesia was performed. Expression of ER, PR, Her-2 and Ki-67 was analyzed to classify molecular subtypes of breast cancer by immunohistochemistry. The relation of clinicopathological features of breast cancers with molecular subtypes of luminal A, luminal B, Her-2 and triple negative/basal-like were analyzed using Pearson's Chi-Square test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Case frequency of luminal A, Luminal B, Her-2+ and triple negative/basal-like subtypes were 38.1%, 16.7%, 20.2% and 25%, respectively. Significant difference was found in breast cancer molecular subtypes in regard to age, histological grade, lymph node status and staging. However it showed insignificant result in regard to tumor size. Luminal A subtype of breast cancer was commonly found in >50 years old women (p:0.028), low grade cancer (p:0.09), negative lymph node metastasis (p:0.034) and stage III (p:0.017). Eventhough the difference was insignificant, luminal A subtype breast cancer was mostly found in small size breast cancer (p:0.129). Her-2+ subtype breast cancer was more commonly diagnosed with large size, positive lymph node metastasis and poor grade. Triple negative/basal-like cancer was mostly diagnosed among <50 years old women. Conclusions: This study suggests that immunohistochemistry-based subtyping is essential to classify breast carcinoma into subtypes that vary in clinicopathological features, implying different therapeutic options and prognosis for each subtype.