• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2019

Background: Emergencies in dentistry can be classified as medical and dental. Medical emergencies occur mainly during dental treatment in patients with a systemic disease. Dental emergency departments are largely divided into dental emergency rooms located in dental college hospitals and medical emergency rooms located in medical institutions. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of and provide help to dental emergency patients in a dental hospital. Methods: Overall, 1806 patients admitted to a dental emergency room at Yonsei University Dental Hospital for 1 year were included. The data collection period was from October 1, 2014 to September 30, 2015. An investigator reviewed medical records from the electronic medical record (EMR) system and radiographs. Results: The patients were 1,070 men and 736 women. The sex ratio was 1.45:1. The commonest age group was of 0-9 years, including 451 (25.0%) patients, followed by 20-29 years, including 353 (19.5%) patients, and 30-39 years, including 277 (15.3%) patients. Of the 108 patients transferred to the Severance emergency department, 81 had trauma, 19 were in pain, 4 were bleeding, and 4 had other complaints. Among chief complaints, 1,079 patients (60.3%) had trauma, 564 (31.5%) had pain, and 75 (4.2%) had bleeding. Twenty-three cases (1.3%) were caused by temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Conclusion: Dentists should be able to adequately assess patients in a dental emergency room and treat trauma, pain, and bleeding.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.66-76
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• 2021

The quality of the E-learning education in Saudi Arabia has been a major concern by many academicians, especially, and people in general as this platform has not been a priority for education. Not until recently, the world has been impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic, which makes every education institution shifted to the online platform to continue the education for the students. Thus, many studies on the perceptions on the online learning have been carried out, and though many are focusing on the perceptions by the education institutions' faculty and administration, there is a lack in the amount of study performed to analyse the students' perceptions of online learning during the pandemic time. The current study is conducted by utilising qualitative methods in order to collect information and investigate the students' perception regarding online learning during the pandemic Covid-19, based on their individual experiences. A number of fifteen (15) students were selected as respondents for the study, in which structured interviews were conducted by using a convenient sampling technique for data collection. Through the discussion, all of the positive and negative perceptions of online learning, as well as the factors contributing to those perceptions were identified. The results of the study found that the positive perceptions were contributed based on the flexibility, cost-effectiveness, availability of the electronic research databases, and well-designed online classroom interfaces. For the negative perceptions from using online learning platforms, the respondents informed that they were contributed by the lecturer's delayed feedback, lack of technical support by lecturers, low in self-esteem and self-motivation, feel isolated, one-way of educational methods, and poorly-designed class materials. Through the findings, the school's administration and lecturers would be able to know the struggles experienced by the students, and eventually come out with better solutions to improve their teaching methods.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.335-344
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• 2023

Purpose: This bibliometric analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the characteristics, trends, and level of diagnostic efficacy of studies on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) published in Imaging Science in Dentistry (ISD) from 2011 to 2022. Materials and Methods: Publications related to CBCT identified in the electronic collection of ISD were selected according to eligibility criteria by 2 independent reviewers who collected data on the characteristics of the articles (year, authors, and country). The type and topic of studies were analyzed using VOSviewer v.1.6.18 (Centre for Science and Technology Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands). The research articles were classified according to the hierarchical scale of diagnostic efficacy. Results: Of the 236 articles included, most were from South Korea and Brazil. Bong-Hae Cho and Yun-Hoa Jung were the most prolific authors on the topic of CBCT. The most frequently published types of studies were cross-sectional and laboratory-based. The most popular topics WERE related to the diagnosis of pathologies and/or alterations, as well as anatomical variations. On the diagnostic efficacy scale, most studies were rated level 1 (technical efficacy) or 2 (diagnostic accuracy efficacy). Conclusion: A steady increase was observed in publications related to CBCT, which are of both clinical and academic interest. The trends in these publications were analyzed, revealing that most are cross-sectional studies primarily exploring the capabilities of CBCT in diagnosing pathologies and/or changes in the oral and maxillofacial complex. These studies were typically classified as level 1 or 2 on the diagnostic efficacy scale.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.219-224
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is mainly to provide theoretical basis of private security industry by analyzing the perception and flow of private security from the press-released materials according to periodic classification and duties through 'Big Kinds', a website of analyzing news big data. The research method has been changed to structured data to allow an analysis of various scattered unstructured data, and the keywords trend and related words by duties of private security were analyzed in growth period of private security. The perception of private security based on the results of the study was exposed a lot by the media through various crimes, accidents and incidents, and the issues related permanent position. Also, it tended to be perceived as a simple security guard, not recognized as the area of private security, and judging from the high correlation between private security and police, it was recognized not only as a role to assist the police force, but also as a common agent in charge of the public peace. Therefore, it should objectively judge the perception of private security, and through this, it is believed that it should be a foundation for recognizing private security as a main agent responsible for the safety of the nation and maintaining social orders.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.199-206
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• 2017

The experience sampling method (ESM) is an innovative research method to study the immediate real emotional experience experienced in real life through the immediate reaction of research participants. ESM, which has received significant attention in recent, is considered as the research method particularly for child care teachers' emotions and happiness. This method has been shown to be able to overcome the limitations in current research methods, based on teachers' recall or surveys, in assessing child care teachers' emotional states or stress levels. Despite the expectation that the need for further research on the increased stress and negative emotional experiences of child care teachers and its appropriateness as the alternative research method to study child care teachers' immediate emotional experience, ESM has deficiencies in that research participants need to have their pencil-and-paper survey packages on hand whenever their electronic beepers randomly beep. Furthermore, ESM demands much more researcher energy and efforts to handle the voluminous data collected from each participant in effectively creating a database. In this paper, in order to apply ESM successfully to the study of child care teachers' emotional experience, we aim to develop a software program that uses mobile communication technology. Given that traditional types of data collection methods in social science research can prove too burdensome to encourage participation in surveys in the first place or ensure the return of completed surveys, the present study adopts a convergent research approach to develop a software program that is able to obtain ESM participants' answers immediately on their personal smart phones. This study deals with system construction and prototyping for software development as a basic research and evaluates the research results through indepth interview with experts.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.329-339
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• 2009

A historical and cultural map needs an overall reflection of the links based on time and space among the various composite factors, instead of requiring a simple collection of the respective relics in a particular region. The study of history, culture and living environment of river system area, a place that is known to as a cradle of civilization, will be able to undertake a role in the research and comparison with other cultural regions, reaching beyond the regional units until now and moreover investigation the international and intercontinental history of civilization. In this context, this research focuses on the establishment of a cultural information system for the public use and the insight to the regional identity and materialization of culture based on Korea's peculiar history and culture. Thus, the information system for Youngsan River area aims to create a form of electronic map that contains various cultural and historical information on river system area, which is a integrated information system based on Web GIS that is open to public use through the internet. The above mentioned system is a combined product from the basic research data on various fields of study, including archaeology, architecture, arts, ecological environment, history, folk customs, literature, and food, while it aims for not only its utilization in interdisciplinary studies but also creating new value as a public database. As a result, the expected effects due to the establishment of historical and cultural information system based on Web GIS of Youngsan River area are as follows: First, the study can contribute to verify a road map of the study on Youngsan River area. Second, it will take a role to stimulate the academical research on the dynamic structure and characteristics of the Youngsan River area. Third, we can also expect an effect of gaining a full foothold in providing an electronic academic source specialized for the study of the historical and cultural map.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.329-329
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• 2007

Photoconductive poly crystalline lead oxide coated on amorphous thin film transistor (TFT) arrays is the best candidate for direct digital x-ray detector for medical imaging. Thicker films with lessening density often show lower x-ray induced charge generation and collection becomes less efficient. In this work, we present a new methodology used for the high density deposition of PbO. We investigate the structural properties of the films using X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy experiments. The film coatings of approximately $200\;{\mu}m$ thickness were deposited on $2"{\times}2"$ conductive-coated glass substrates for measurements of dark current and x-ray sensitivity. The lead oxide (PbO) films of $200\;{\mu}m$ thickness were deposited on glass substrates using a wet coating process in room temperature. The influence of post-deposition annealing on the characteristics of the lead oxide films was investigated in detail. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy have been employed to obtain information on the morphology and crystallization of the films. Also we measured dark current, x-ray sensitivity and linearity for investigation of the electrical characteristics of films. It was found that the annealing conditions strongly affect the electrical properties of the films. The x-ray induced output charges of films annealed in oxygen gas increases dramatically with increasing annealing temperatures up to $500^{\circ}C$ but then drops for higher temperature anneals. Consequently, the more we increase the annealing temperatures, the better density and film quality of the lead oxide. Analysis of this data suggests that incorporation and decomposition reactions of oxygen can be controlled to change the detection properties of the lead oxide film significantly. Post-deposition thermal annealing is also used for densely film. The PbO films that are grown by new methodology exhibit good morphology of high density structure and provide less than $10\;pA/mm^2$ dark currents as they show saturation in gain (at approximate fields of $4\;V/{\mu}m$). The ability to operate at low voltage gives adequate dark currents for most applications and allows voltage electronics designs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.411-416
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the utilization of major learning tools among radiology science students and assess the accuracy of a conversational artificial intelligence service program, specifically a chatbot, in the context of the national radiologic technologist licensing exam. The survey revealed that 84.3% of radiology science students actively utilize electronic devices during their learning process. In addition, 104 out of 140 respondents said they use search engines as a top priority for efficient data collection while studying. When asked about their awareness of chatbots, 80% of participants responded affirmatively, and 22.9% reported having used chatbots for academic purposes at least once. From 2018 to 2022, exam questions from the first and second periods were presented to the chatbot for answers. The results showed that ChatGPT's accuracy in answering first period questions increased from 48.28% to 60%, while for second period questions, it increased from 50% to 62.22%. Bing's accuracy in answering first period questions improved from 55% to 64.55%, and for second period questions, it increased from 48% to 52.22%. The study confirmed the general trend of radiology science students utilizing electronic devices for learning and obtaining information through the internet. However, conversational artificial intelligence service programs in the field of radiation science face challenges related to accuracy and reliability, and providing perfect solutions remains difficult, highlighting the need for continuous development and improvement.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.281-306
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• 2023

This study analyzed the legal deposit, acquisition, and donation status from 2020 to 2022, along with the deposit status of e-publications with issued ISBNs. Through this analysis, the study derived improvement measures to strengthen compliance with legal deposit obligations for domestic e-publications. The key findings are as follows: The collection methods were acquisition (57.07%), legal deposit (41.74%), and donation (1.19%). The file formats varied, including e-books (pdf, epub), webtoons (jpg), and audiobooks (mp3). Most e-publications collected were published from 2012 to 2022, with some from 1960 to 2011. Webtoons dominated acquired materials, while legal deposits mainly comprised e-books. Analyzing the status of e-publications with issued ISBNs, e-books (96.2%) were most common, with the literature field receiving the highest number of ISBNs. Most ISBNs were issued during 2020 to 2022. Looking at the top 10 publishers, the low legal deposit rate indicates the need for improvement. To address this, proposed improvement measures include enhancing publishers' awareness of legal deposits, strengthening incentives and sanctions, encouraging voluntary participation through transparent disclosure of the legal deposit status, and improving the accuracy of data in the ISBN issuance and deposit system.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.130-140
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to identify health promoting behaviors(HPBs) and the related determinants affecting to women workers health based on the New Health Promotion Model by Pender(1996). Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires from 208 women workers at the 8 electronic manufacturing factories under the permission of data collection and cooperation with health managers in the factories during the period from September to October 1999. For data analysis. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and Stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/PC+7.5 version were used. The results were as follows : 1. The average score for the HPBs, consisted of 6 subdimensions was 2.05. The highest mean score was 2.29 in 'Spiritual growth' and the lowest one was 1.66 in 'Physical activity'. 2. No significant difference between general charateristics and HPBs were found. 3. HPBs were positively related to 'Prior related behavior'(r=0.369, p<0.1), 'Perceived self-efficacy'(r=0.340, p<.01), 'Activity-related affect'(r=0.252, p<.01). 'Social support'(r=0.350, p<.01). 'Commitment to a plan action'(r=0.374, p<.01). There was no significant correlation between perceived health status, perceived barriers to action and HPBs. 4. The most important variable in HPBs was 'Commitment to a plan action'. It was explained 14.0% out of the total variance of HPBs. 'Commitment to a plan action', 'Prior related behavior', 'Social support', 'Self-efficacy' and 'Perceived barriers to action' explained 23.0%. According to the results of this study, the suggestions were as follows: 1. It is necessary to develop program for improving the physical activity and health responsibility of women workers at the manufacturing industry. 2. To facilitate and maintain HPBs of women workers, nurses may enhance and plan mutually interactive active HPBs with women workers. 3. Social support at the level of individual workers, supervisors, and the organization is required in order to conduct health promotion program at the factories. 4. Significantly related variables to HIPBs should be identified the direct and indirect paths among them further more.