• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.706-707
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• 2015

Our country is aiming at 30% reductions in building energy consumption accounting for 39% of the total energy consumption by 2020[1]. For this purpose, the government is developing and applying the Building Energy Management System (hereinafter, referred to as "BEMS", Smart plug, etc.) while the researches on new renewable energy development. BEMS, which is applied with focus on large buildings, is inducing energy management of the entire building through energy measurement and data management, but considering its economic efficiency, it's very difficult to apply BEMS to small & medium-size buildings. Hereupon, this study intends to implement the case analysis of deterioration and economic efficiency of major equipment in buildings on the basis of electricity consumption which has been measured targeting small & medium-size buildings for a certain period by taking into account that equipment deterioration is a contributor to the increase in energy consumption.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2017

Electricity is basic need for country development. But at the present time proper planning and policy is require at high pace for power generation network extension due to the increasing population growth rate. Present study aimed to analyze the present and future demand for electricity at household level in Province of Balochistan of Pakistan via simulation modeling. Data of year 2004-2005 was used as baseline data for electricity consumption to predict future demand of electricity at both rural and urban domestic level up to subsequent 30 years, with help of LEAP software. Basically three scenarios were created to run software. One scenario was Business-As-Usual and other two were green scenarios i.e., solar and wind energy scenarios. Results predicted that by using alternative energy sources, demand for electricity will be fulfill and will also reduce burden on non-renewable energy sources due to the greater potential for solar and wind energy present in Balochistan.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.388-390
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• 2000

The production of electricity and the pattern of consumption in competitive electricity market are changing. The price of electric power in spot market will be varied by the economic electricity availability of generation utilities and electricity consumers. DSM(demand-side management) is a method which provides simultaneously economics to utilities and consumers as main participants in electricity market. In this paper, it is argued that the effect of DSM in competitive electricity market for consumers, generation utilities, and transmission utilities.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.15-22
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to suggest specific evaluation data for heating and DHW energy consumption characteristics through analyzing energy consumption measurement data of gas boiler in Apartment Buildings with individual heating systems. To do this, it was measured both gas flow and electricity for heating and DHW respectively, and then it was analyzed not only characteristics according to energy sources; gas and electricity, but also the effect of various factors on heating and DHW energy consumption. The result of this study were as follows. It was developed the electric energy estimation model of a gas boiler through analysis on patterns by energy sources. And the effective factors for heating and DHW energy consumption were demonstrated as follows: the area for exclusive use, the number of auxiliary heating equipments, the number of occupants, and the number of sanitary fixtures.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.2396-2402
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• 2015

Air compressor, as an essential equipment used in the factory and plant operations, accounts for around 30% of the total electricity consumption in U.S.A, thereby being proposed advanced technologies to reduce electricity consumption. When the fluctuation of the compressed airflow rate is small, the system stability is increased followed by the reduction of the electricity consumption which results in the efficient design of the energy system. In the statistical analysis, the normal distribution, log normal distribution, gamma distribution or the like are generally used to identify system characteristics. However a single distribution may not fit well the data with long tail, representing sudden air flow rate especially in extremes. In this paper, authors decouple the compressed airflow rate into two parts to present a mixture of distribution function and suggest a method to reduce the electricity consumption. This reduction stems from the fact that a general pareto distribution estimates more accurate quantile value than a gaussian distribution when an airflow rate exceeds over a large number.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

The demand for energy in Thailand has been continually increasing as the economic and social country grows. Approximately 60% of Thailand's primary energy is imported, mostly petroleum products. In 2008 Thailand's total energy consumption was 80,971 ktoe and the net price of energy imported was up to 1,161 billion Baht which is equivalent to 12.8% of GDP at the current price. The energy consumption or energy demand has been growing at an annual compounded growth rate of 6.42% and the peak electric power demand and electricity consumption was recorded at 22,568 MW and 148,264 GWh and grew at a rate of 7.0% and 7.5% per annum during the period from 1989 to 2008. The gross agriculture production in 2008 was recorded at 135.4 Mt which represents agriculture residue for energy at 65.73 Mt, which is equivalent to energy potential of about 561.64 PJ or 13,292 ktoe an increase in average of 5.59% and 5.44% per year respectively. The agricultural residues can converted to 15,600 GWh/year or 1,780 MW of power capacity. So, if government sector plan to install small biomass gasification for electricity generation 200 kW for Community. The residue agricultural is available for 8,900 plants nationwide. The small biomass power generation for electricity generation not only to reduce the energy imports, it also makes the job and income for people in rural areas as well. This paper's aim is to report the energy situation in Thailand and has studied 5 main agricultural products with high residue energy potential namely sugarcane, paddy, oil palm, cassava, and maize appropriate for small electricity production. These agricultural products can be found planted in many rural areas throughout Thailand. Finally, discuss the situation, methods and policies which the government uses to promote small private power producers supplying electricity into the grid.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.977-983
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• 2013

Based on the consideration of the hourly patterns of the electricity power consumption, this study predicted the effectiveness of hybrid power generation system, which is composed with wind power generator and photovoltaic generator. And this case study is performed at Konrido, which is a affiliated island of Kyeongsangnam-do. As the results, it is obvious that it is not efficient to cover the whole electricity power consumption only with any single power generating system, because the hourly patterns of electricity power consumption, wind power generation and photovoltaic generation are quite different. And because the wind is being through almost 24 hours, it is also found out that wind power generating system with storage battery is the most efficient combination for this case study.

• Architectural research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.109-115
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• 2015

The dynamic pricing of electricity, where the electricity rate increases in a time zone with a high demand for electricity is typically applied to a building whose power reception capacity is greater than a certain size. This includes the time of use(TOU) electricity pricing in Korea which can induce the effect of reducing the power demand of a building. Meanwhile, a VRF (Variable Refrigerant Flow) system that uses electricity is regarded as one of the typical heating and cooling systems along with central air conditioning (central HVAC) for its easy operation and application to the building. Thus, to reduce power energy and operating costs of a building in which the TOU and VRF systems are applied simultaneously, we suggested a control for changing the indoor temperature setting within the thermal comfort range or limiting the rotational speed of an inverter compressor. In this study, to describe the features of the above-mentioned control and verify its effects, we evaluated the results obtained from the analysis of its operation data. Through the actual measurements in winter operations for 73 days since mid- December 2014, we confirmed a reduction of 10.9% in power energy consumption and 12.2% in operating costs by the new control. Also, a reduction of 13.3% in power energy consumption was identified through a regression analysis.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.55-65
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• 2013

Korean Government has developed Sejong City as a new administration city. This city of future was planned and designed toward one of the most eco-friendly city on the basis of ICTs. To attain this object, a carbon emission monitoring system (CEMS) was designed and installed as a part of u-city service which provides various information anytime and anywhere to enrich the people's quality of life. In this paper, at first, the structure and functions of CEMS are introduced. This system is consist of 5 parts - data collection from user and linked public DBs, transforming data into meaningful information for the policy makers, system-user interfacing via statistical tables and graphs, and system maintenance. This system can be operated by the citizen participation through whole the process. With the help of GIS map and graphic interface, statistics of monitored data for both citizen and decision maker provided and after feed-back, they have affected on the behaviour of citizen's energy consumption and related policy as well. By the CEMS, energy consumption data of 124 agreed households were collected during 9 months in 2012. Electricity, gas and water consumption were remote-metered automatically by the system and analysed. This showed that more than 85% of CO2 emission is rely on electricity usage. Furthermore, number of family members and size of house influences on the emission of CO2 by each household together with the life-style of the occupants. Electricity and water consumption showed the seasonal factor while gas consumption represents the number of family members. Even this paper has limitations caused by 9 months of data collection, it shows the policy directions to reduce the emission of CO2 focusing on the house size and number of family members of each households. With the result of this research, life-style of the generation of dwellers should be investigated and the CO2 emission characteristics of other housing type as well for the data building for future policy making.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.83-101
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• 2008

This research performs a multi comparison between the age of old households and the economic structure according to accommodation type as well as analyzing the economical structural difference of each type based on the features of aged households. The paper classified aged households into 3 groups according to age distribution. The economic structure analysis according to the age of old households and accommodation type was shown as follow: First, the economical structural analysis based on the age of old households showed a statistical difference in the total, labor, business, property and transfer income variables according to the age of each sample group. However, the non-business income and liabilities did not show a significant difference. Second, in the analysis of different economic earnings and initial expenses of middle-aged households according to the age distribution group showed a disparity in the total, labor, business, property, and transfer income variables according to the age of each sample group. However, aged households showed a statistical difference in total, labor, business and transfer income variables. Third, in the analysis of difference in the expense provision and size of consumption, there was a statistical difference in the expense variables of total consumption, food, dining out, electricity, water, furniture, kitchen supplies, clothing, shoe, education, culture, entertainment, transportation, and communication. Fourth, in the analysis of difference in the size of consumption expense, the initial and middle-aged households showed a statistical difference in the total consumption, food, dining out, electricity, water, furniture, kitchen supplies, clothing, shoe, education, culture, entertainment, transportation, communication, and consumption expense variables. However, the analysis of aged households has shown a statistical difference in the total consumption, food, dining out, electricity, water, furniture, kitchen supplies, clothing, shoe, education, culture, entertainment, transportation, and communication expense variables. The study found a statistical difference in the expense for hygienics that did not appear in the initial and middle-aged households.