• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

A case of a 46-year-old Korean male with post-stroke insomnia that induced by intracranial hemorrhage was presented. He was treated with Transcutaneous electric acupoint stimulation (TEAS) at BL62 and KI6 once per a day for 17 days. We recorded the patient's sleep time and time of asleep, and used PSQI-K to assess severity of patient's insomnia symptom. After using TEAS, there was improvement in patient's insomnia severity and the time of sleep. From the result of this case, electrical stimulation at acupoint can may be effective in treating post-stroke insomnia.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.47-63
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• 2004

In most tissues, apoptosis plays a pivotal role in normal development and in regulation of cell number. Therefore inappropriate apoptosis is revealed in a variety of diseases. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of acupuncture and needle electrode electrical stimulation on the change of caspase-3, 9 and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) immunoreactive cells in the sprague dawley rats (SD rat). In immobilized SD rats (n=5), enhanced caspase-3 and caspase-9 expression were detected in the reticular part of substantia nigra, and enhanced nNOS was detected in the dorsolateral periaqueductal gray (DL-PAG) of midbrain and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus using immunohistochemistry. Following the immobilization, acupuncture (n=5) and needle electrode electrical stimulation (n=5, 2 Hz) was applied at H$\acute{e}$g$\breve{u}$ (LI4) acupoint of SD rats, respectively. The stress-induced enhancement in the expression of caspase-3, 9 and nNOS were The present results demonstrate that and needle electrode electrical stimulation are effective in the modulation of expression of caspase-3, 9 and nNOS induced by immobilization.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제28권3호통권71호
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• pp.289-298
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• 2007

Objectives : Electrical acupoint stimulation (EAS) has been used to treat motor dysfunction of stroke patients with reportedly effective results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of EAS with different frequencies in treating motor dysfunction of ischemic stroke patients. Methods : The subjects of this study were sixty-two ischemic stroke patients with motor dysfunction at Kyunghee Oriental Medicine Hospital who were hospitalized for one week to one month from onset. They were treated with 2Hz or 120Hz EAS for two weeks, and motor evoked potentials (MEP) were measured before and after EAS treatment. To compare the effect of 2Hz EAS with 120Hz, we measured latency, central motor conduction time (CMCT) and amplitude of MEP before and after EAS treatment. Results : After two weeks of treatment, we compared MEP data of the affected side between the 2Hz group and the 120Hz group. The 2Hz group showed more significant improvement than the 120Hz group in latency, CMCT and amplitude (P=0.008, 0.002, 0.002). In case of the affected side MEP data divided by normal side MEP data, the 2Hz group also showed improvement on latency, CMCT and amplitude with significant differences (P=0.003, 0.000, 0.008). Conclusions : These results suggest that low frequency EAS activates the central motor conduction system better than high frequency EAS, and it means that EAS with low frequency is more helpful for motor recovery after ischemic stroke than that with high frequency.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.187-202
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• 2018

Objectives : Non-invasive transcranial electrical stimulation is one of therapeutic interventions to change in neural excitability of the cortex. Transcranial electro-acupuncture (TEA) can modulate brain functions through changes in cortical excitability as a model of non-invasive transcranial electrical stimulation. Some composites of fermented Scutellaria baicalenis (FSB) can activate intercellular signaling pathways for activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor that is critical for formation of neural plasticity in stroke patients. This study was aimed at evaluation of combinatory treatment of TEA and FSB on behavior recovery and cortical neural excitability in rodent focal stroke model. Methods : Focal ischemic stroke was induced by photothrombotic injury to the motor cortex of adult rats. Application of TEA with 20 Hz and $200{\mu}A$ in combination with daily oral treatment of FBS was given to stroke animals for 3 weeks. Motor recovery was evaluated by rotating bean test and ladder working test. Electrical activity of cortical pyramidal neurons of stroke model was evaluated by using multi-channel extracellular recording technique and thallium autometallography. Results : Compared with control stroke group who did not receive any treatment, Combination of TEA and FSB treatment resulted in more rapid recovery of forelimb movement following focal stroke. This combination treatment also elicited increase in spontaneous firing rate of putative pyramidal neurons. Furthermore expression of metabolic marker for neural excitability was upregulated in peri-infract area under thallium autometallography. Conclusions : These results suggest that combination treatment of TEA and FSB can be a possible remedy for motor recovery in focal stroke.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.22-31
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• 2003

한의학에서 진단과 치료의 기본 대상인 경혈?경락의 혈위 식별을 위한 방법으로 기존의 방식은 직류를 인체 피부에 자극하여 양도점을 식별하고 있다. 그러나 직류는 피부의 저항과 용량성으로 인한 시간에 따른 전류 감소현상을 나타내며, 이러한 시간적 감소현상은 경락진단의 변수로는 유의성을 가지나 식별율 및 부합율, 인체영향력, 재현성 등에서 식별데이터의 신뢰성이 충분하지 못한 단점이 있었다. 이를 개선하기 위하여 1.28V의 4kHz, 듀티비 40%의 구형파인 SPAC(Single Power Alternative Current) 자극방식의 최적 파라메터를 추출하였다. 또한 피부 상태에 관계없이 식별이 어려운 부위에서도 식별이 용이하도록 피부 전류량의 절대값과 상대값을 동시에 표시하고, 측정 전류량을 그래프로 연속 표시하여 식별에 유리하도록 하였다. 추출된 최적파라메터와 알고리즘을 적용한 시스템을 구현하여 경혈자극 방식에 따른 식별율, 재현성, 인체영향력 및 고전 경혈점과의 부합율을 비교하여 성능이 우수함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.300-311
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• 2021

Background: So far there is no confidence in the basics of acupoint/meridian phenomena, specifically in spatial and temporal electrical manifestations in the skin. Methods: Using the skin electrodynamic introscopy, the skin areas of 32 × 64 mm² were monitored for spectral electrical impedance landscape with spatial resolution of 1 mm, at 2 kHz and 1 MHz frequencies. The detailed baseline and 2D test-induced 2 kHz-impedance phase dynamics and the 4-parameter time plots of dozens of individual points in the St32-34 regions were examined in a healthy participant and a patient with mild gastritis. Non-thermal stimuli were used: (1) (for the sick subject), microwaves and ultraviolet radiation applied alternately from opposite directions of the meridian; and (2) (for the healthy one) microwaves to St17, and cathodic/anodic stimulation of the outermost St45, alternately. Results: In both cases, the following phenomena have been observed: emergence of in-phase and/or antiphase coherent structures, exceeding the acupoint conditional size of 1 cm; collective movement along the meridian; reversible with a reversed stimulus; counter-directional dynamics of both whole structures and adjacent points; local abnormalities in sensitivity and dynamics of the 1 MHz and 2 kHz parameters indicating existence of different waveguide paths. Conclusion: It is assumed that these findings necessitate reconsideration of some basic methodological issues regarding neurogenic/acupuncture points as spatial and temporal phenomena; this requires development of an appropriate approach for identifying the acuzones patterns. These findings may be used for developing new approaches to personalized/controlled therapy/treatment.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2013

목적 : 본 연구는 노년층의 여성에게 신맥(BL62), 조해(KI6)혈에 대한 저주파자극이 뇌파에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고 뇌 기능을 개선하는데 비화학적이고 비침습적인 자극 방법의 후보로써 가능성을 탐구해보고자 실시된 탐색적 연구이다. 방법 : 31명의 건강한 여성 피험자(평균연령, 54.5세)를 대상으로 이중맹검 무작위배정 임상연구가 12세션동안 실시되었다. 시험군에서는 감지할 수 없는 최대의 저주파자극이 실시되었으며(평균전류량, $0.04{\mu}A$), 대조군에서는 거짓자극이 실시되었다. 결과분석을 위해 12세션을 전후로 배경뇌파가 측정되었다. 결과 : 12세션의 자극이 실시된 후 대조군에 비해 실험군의 알파파 상대값은 11채널에서 유의한 증가를 보였으며(p<0.05), 감마파의 상대값은 7채널에서, 세타파의 상대값은 10채널에서 유의한 감소를 보였다. 결론 : 발목관절에 있는 신맥(BL62), 조해(KI6)혈에 대한 저주파 자극은 노년의 여성의 뇌에 베타, 세타, 감마파의 감소를 일으키는 반면 알파파를 선택적으로 증가시켜 뇌를 안정시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 보인다. 이러한 결과는 저주파자극이 향후 스트레스와 관련된 인지 문제를 치료하는 비침습적이고 비화학적인 도구로써의 가능성을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 보이며, 그 기전에 대한 추가적 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.724-728
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• 2004

Several studies have shown that a low frequency stimulation can depress blood pressure in hypertension. We had developed a new auriculoelectrostimulator as an electronic blood pressure regulator for simple and easy stimulation. The new auriculoelectrostimulator was employed in hypertensive rat model induced by immobilization stress, diabetic and essential hypertensive rat models. Rats were stimulated by auriculoelectrostimulator at ear acupoint (Ear point for hypertension) bilaterally. Ear stimulation by auriculoelectrostimulator significantly decreased blood pressure in all hypertensive rat models and inhibited the increase of heart rates in stressed and spontaneous hypertensive rats. The results showed that auriculoelectrostimulator had depressive effects on hypertension in rat hypertensive models, suggesting that it is useful in treatment of hypertension.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.113-126
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• 2011

Objectives : We have examined and analyzed patents regarding acupuncture point stimulating methods in order to understand the stimulation technology and research trends of acupuncture points. Methods : We searched and analyzed the total of 135 on-line DB based patents under time limit of Dec, 2010. Results : According to the analyzed results, non-invasive method is used more than invasive method. Electric stimulation is used more than any other method, such as magnetic, ionic, laser, light, ultrasonic, water, Far IR and thermal stimulation. There are numbers of cases such as rejected during screening procedure, waived before the screening, of failed to renew its registrational status which outnumber those patents registered and maintained. Conclusions : These data suggest that we need to move away from using one side method such as non-invasive and electrical method. Thus follow-up service is recommended.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.283-289
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 개에서 전침술이 isoflurane 마취시의 MAC 및 심맥관계에 미치는 영향 및 전침처치시간에 따른 차이에 대하여 조사하였다. 임상적으로 건강한 19개월령, 수컷 비글견 8두를 사용하였다. 대조군, 비혈위 전기자극군, 30분간 전침군(SP-6) 및 연속 전침군(SP-6C)으로 나누어 군 당 5두씩 무작위로 최소 7일간의 휴약기를 두며 실험에 사용하였다. 전침처치는 SP-6 혈위에 2-4V 20Hz로 30분간(SP-6)또는 MAC의 측정이 끝날 때 까지 연속적으로(SP-6C) 실시하였다. SP-6C군에서의 전침자극시간은 70-90분이었다. Isoflurane으로 마취를 유도한 후 전침을 실시하고 MAC와 cardiovascular parameters를 측정 하였다. 전침 후 MAC는 SP-6 및 SP-6C 군에서 각각 21.3$\pm$8.0% 및 16.1$\pm$4.6% 씩 유의적으로 저하되었으나(p<0.05) 전침시간에 따른 유의성은 없었다. 그러나 대조군과 비혈위 전기자극군에 비해서는 유의적으로 저하되었다(p<0.05). 전침처치 후 심맥관계에는 유의성 있는 변화가 인정되지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 보아, SP-6혈위에 대한 전침은 개에서 심맥관계의 부작용을 최소화하면서isoflurane의 MAC을 유의성 있게 감소시켰으며, 이러한 효과는 30분간의 전침자극으로 충분하다고 사료된다.