• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 2017

Background: To date, the anti-wrinkle efficacy of phellodendri cortex has not been defined. In this study, we investigated the nitric oxide (NO) production and elastase inhibitory activities of 80% methanol extract of Phellodendri cortex and its ethyl acetate fraction. Methods and Results: We prepared 80% methanol extract, and its fractions from phellodendri cortex. The treatment of RAW 264.7 cell with $25{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ 80% methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction resulted in no toxicity. We conducted assays of nitric oxide (NO) production and elastase inhibition. In the NO production assay, the ethyl acetate fraction showed an inhibitory effect approximately 17 times stronger than the 80% methanol extract. In elastase inhibitory assay, the ethyl acetate fraction also showed a stronger effect than the 80% methanol extract. In order to standardize the extract and fraction, we used TLC to separate the extract and observed the plate under UV light. We confirmed that the known pharmacological ingredients berberine, and palmatine in the 80% methanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction. Conclusions: These results indicated that phellodendri cortex extract and its ethyl acetate fraction produced strong inhibitory effect on elastase and NO production.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.83-99
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• 2011

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Socheongryong-tang (SCRT) on elastase-induced lung injury. Materials and Methods: The extract of SCRT was treated to A549 cells and elastase-induced COPD mice model. Then, various parameters such as cell-based cytoprotective activity and histopathological findings were analyzed. Results: SCRT showed a protective effect on elastase-induced cytotoxicity in A549 cells. This effect was correlated with analysis for caspase 3 levels, collagen and elastin contents, and gene expression of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$ in A549 cells. SCRT treatment also revealed the protective effect on elastase-induced COPD mice model. This effect was evidenced via histopathological findings including immunofluoresence stains against elastin, collagen, and caspase 3, and protein level of Cdc2, cyclin B1, and phospho-Erk1/2 in lung tissue. Conclusion: These data suggest that SCRT has pharmaceutical properties on COPD. This study provides scientific evidence for the efficacy of SCRT for clinical application to patients with COPD.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.63-78
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• 2011

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Maekmundong-tang (MMDT) on an elastase-induced COPD model. Materials and Methods: The extract of MMDT was treated to A549 cells and elastase-induced COPD mice model. Then, various parameters such as cell-based cytoprotective activity and histopathological findings were analyzed. Results: MMDT showed a protective effect on elastase-induced cytotoxicity in A549 cells. This effect was correlated with analysis for caspase 3 levels, collagen and elastin contents, protein level of Cdk1, and gene expression of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$ in A549 cells. MMDT treatment also revealed a protective effect on the elastase-induced COPD mice model. This effect was evidenced via histopathological finding including immunofluorescence stains against elastin, collagen, and caspase 3, and protein level of Cdc2 in lung tissue. Conclusion: These data suggest that MMDT has pharmaceutical properties on COPD. This study can provide scientific evidence for the efficacy of MMDT for clinical application to patients with COPD.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 2019

Background: This study was designed to investigate the potential effects of Galgeungyulpitang for whitening and elasticity treatment by examining its effect on melanoma cells. Methods: The effects of Galgeungyulpitang on B16/F10 melanoma cell viability, production of melanin, tyrosinase and elastase, were investigated. Cell viability was measured by colorimetric assay that assesses cell metabolic activity (MTT assay). Melanin was measured by Hosei's method, tyrosinase was measured by Yogi's method and elastase was measured by James's method. Results: At concentrations higher than $500{\mu}g/mL$ Galgeungyulpitang, cell viability was significantly reduced ($p{\leq}0.05$). At concentrations of $500{\mu}g/mL$ and lower, morphological changes were not observed. The rate of melanin synthesis was significantly reduced to $73.49%{\pm}2.92%$ at a concentration of $500{\mu}g/mL$ Galgeungyulpitang compared with untreated cells (p < 0.05). Extracellular tyrosinase production was not significantly decreased in vitro, however, intracellular tyrosinase production was significantly reduced to $76.06%{\pm}2.17%$ when treated with Galgeungyulpitang at a concentration of $500{\mu}g/mL$ compared with the control (p < 0.05). Elastase Type 1 production was significantly reduced to $74.98%{\pm}3.24%$ and $69.62%{\pm}4.66%$ at concentrations of 250 and $500{\mu}g/mL$ Galgeungyulpitang, respectively (p < 0.05). Elastase Type 4 production was significantly reduced to $72.77%{\pm}3.52%$ at concentrations of 250 and $500{\mu}g/mL$ (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results in this study showed that Galgeungyulpitang may inhibit melanin and tyrosinase synthesis, and inhibit elastase production, suggesting that Galgeungyulpitang may be potentially beneficial for skin whitening and loss of skin elasticity treatments.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.164-170
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• 2008

Coenzyme $Q_{10}$ and six derivatives of coenzyme Qn were synthesized and tested for their inhibitory effects on melanogenesis occurred in murine melanoma (B16/F1) cells and on collagenase/elastase activities as well. As the result, synthetic coenzyme Qn showed a potent inhibitory effect on melanin formation, collagenase and elastase activities in all tested concentrations. Among these synthetic compounds, coenzyme $Q_1$ and coenzyme $Q_2$ potentially inhibited melanin formation and elastase activity when compared to other coenzyme Qn derivatives. For the collagenase activities, all coenzyme Qn derivatives inhibited 80-85% of controls. As compared, coenzyme Qn derivatives exhibited strong inhibitory activities with the decrease of isoprenoid unit number of coenzyme Qn derivatives except for collagenase activity. For the inhibition of collagenase activity, moiety of benzoquinone might be considered as the active functional group. Taken together, coenzyme $Q_1$ and coenzyme $Q_2$ might be used for functional cosmetics.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.217-223
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• 2008

Elastin is an important component of elastic fibers in the skin. Recently, many studies have reported that elastin is also involved In inhibiting or repairing wrinkle formation, although collagen is a major factor in the skin wrinkle formation. Elastase is a metalloproteinase which acts on degradation of elastin. It is known that elastase activity is increased by ultraviolet (UV) B radiation. Thus, Increased elastase activity could be the major reason for skin elasticity reduction and winkle formation. Tannic acid is a polyphenol found in various fruits and nuts. This molecule has a potent ability to eliminate reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species. In the present study, we investigated whether tannic acid has effects on elastase activity and tropoelastin synthesis. Our results showed that tannic acid reduced elastase activity significantly in a dose-dependent manner. However, the expression of tropoelastin protein and mRNA was not significantly affected by tannic acid. From these results, we suggest that tannic acid may contribute to block tortuosity of elastic fibers by inhibiting elastase. Thus, tannic acid might be developed for a possible agent to Inhibit skin aging.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.81-85
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• 2000

An elastase inhibitor, SMFEI02, was isolated from culture broth of Streptomyces lavendulae SMF11. The inhibitor was purified by ultrafiltration followed by XAD-7 column and Dowex-1 anion-exchange chromatographies, and preparative HPLC. The molecular formula was determined to be $C_{14}H_{16}N_2O_2$ (MW244) by HRFAB-MS analysis. The inhibitor was identified to be a diketopiperazine cyclo(S-Phe-S-Pro) by the optical rotation value and MNR spectral data, and showed inhibitory activities for trypsin, chymotrypsin, cathepsin B, and papain as well as elastase with the Ki values ranging from 1.78mM to $2.86{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$. The inhibition showed a competitive mode for elastase, chymotrypsin, and cathepsin B, whereas it showed a noncompetitive mode for trypsin and papain.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.225-231
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• 1997

Elastase inhibitor (EI) producing microorganisms were screened by microplate-assay of culture broth using Succinyl-$(Alanine)_3$-Nitroanilide as a chromogenic substrate. The portion of microorganisms showed EI activity above 90% was about 2% of all assayed. Isolated SMF-11 showed relatively high EI activity after filtration using membrane filter of NMWL 3,000. SMF-11 was identified as Streptomyces sp. according to results of morphological or physicochemical identification. SMF-11 has both rectiflexible and spiral spore chains with smooth spore surface and cell wall contained LL-DAP, iso- and anteiso-fatty acids. The amino acids in cell wall were alanine, glutamic acid and glycine. Fifty unit characters for major cluster were tested and the data were analyzed numerically using the TAXON program. The isolate SMF-11 was identified as a strain of Streptomyces lavendulae.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.135-148
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• 2010

Recently, the demands for the effective and safe depigmentating and anti-aging agents of the skin have increased due to the medical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic reasons. The aim of this study is to search Galla Rhois (GR) inhibitory activity against aging process of skin in vitro. GR was screened for their inhibitory activity against elastase. GR (final concentration 1 mg/ml) appeared over 40% of inhibition of elastase activity. So we investigated anti wrinkle effects of GR look through MMP-1 inhibition activity. Also Extracts of GR showed higher anti-tyrosinase activity than arbutin (final concentration 1 mg/ml). These results suggest that GR could be potential sources of anti-aging and whitening effects for the skin. Objective : Galla Rhois extracts, Elastase (pancreatic from porcine pancreas), N-Succinyl-(Ala)3-p-nitroanilide, Ursolic acid, mushroom tyrosinase, L-tyrosine, arbutin, Amicon Ultra, Hand Hold UV lamp, MMP-1 primary antibody, MMP-1 secondary antibody Result : 1. GR appeared over 40% of elastase inhibitory activity. 2. GR had MMP-1 inhibition activity. 3. GR showed higher anti-tyrosinase activity than arbutin. Conclusion : According to above results, it is supposed that Galla Rhois could be strong potential sources of anti-aging and whitening effects for the skin.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.37 no.2 s.145
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• pp.92-96
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• 2006

Six phlorotannins were isolated from Ecklonia cava, a brown alga belonging to Alariaceae, collected offshore Jeju Island. Among the phlorotannins, dieckol showed strong elastase inhibition and hyaluronidase ingibition.