• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.879-885
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• 2006

Torsional vibration is an important vibration mode when shafts, cylinders and pipes are considered. However, the modal testing of torsional vibrations is not an easy task to carry out because of the lack of proper transducers. This work presents a new torsional vibration transducer based on the magnetostrictive principle and its application to torsional modal testing. The transducer is so designed as to generate/measure only torsional vibrations excluding other vibration modes such as longitudinal and bending vibrations. The transducer is composed of ferromagnetic patches bonded to a test structure, permanent magnets, and a solenoid. Though patches and magnets are bonded to a structure, torsional vibrations are generated and measured wirelessly by a solenoid encircling a test structure. The proposed transducer works even at considerably high frequencies, say, tens of kilohertz. Furthermore, the transducer can be manufactured at a low price. To check the performance of the proposed method, the torsional modal testing on a hollow aluminum shaft was conducted. The results, such as eigenfrequencies, obtained by the proposed transducer agreed favorably with theoretical results.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2019

This paper describes the prediction of eigenfrequencies due to changes in stiffness and mass in the connection area of the lap joint beam in terms of linear and torsional stiffness as well as connection length. The sensitivities of mass and stiffness in the finite element model were derived by using the first-order differential and algebraic equation and were thereafter applied to obtain new natural frequencies that were compared with theoretical exact solutions. Newly predicted natural frequencies due to only a change in stiffness were in relatively good agreement with those in lower modes for rigid joints, while further investigation was needed for flexible joints. On the other hand, only the change in mass resulted in a large discrepancy in the flexible joint case. It may be strongly anticipated that this study will provide a useful tool for estimating modal parameters by change in any design variable, such as the structural dimension, material property, or connection type for a large-scale structure, even though the proposed methodology is currently limited to a jointed beam.

• 천문학회보
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.48.4-48.4
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• 2019

Small-scale shear flows are ubiquitous in the universe, and astrophysical plasmas are often magnetized. We study the thermal condensation instability in magnetized plasmas with shear flows in relation to filamentary structure formation in cool structures in the universe, representatively solar prominences and supernova remnants. A linear stability analysis is extensively performed in the framework of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) with radiative cooling, plasma heating and anisotropic thermal conduction to find the eigenfrequencies and eigenfunctions for the unstable modes. For a shear velocity less than the Alfven velocity of the background plasma, the eigenvalue with the maximum growth rate is found to correspond to a thermal condensation mode, for which the density and temperature variations are anti-phased (of opposite signs). Only when the shear velocity in the k-direction is near zero, the eigenfunctions for the condensation mode are of smooth sinusoidal forms. Otherwise each eigenfunction for density and temperature is singular and of a discrete form like delta functions. Our results indicate that any non-uniform velocity field with a magnitude larger than a millionth of the Alfven velocity can generate discrete eigenfunctions of the condensation mode. We therefore suggest that condensation at discrete layers or threads should be quite a natural and universal process whenever a thermal instability arises in magnetized plasmas.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.98-106
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 많은 가스터빈 산업체 및 연구기관에서 연소불안정 현상과 관련된 변수들을 예측하기 위해 가장 보편적으로 이루어지고 있는 열음향 해석 모델에 대한 기술 소개 및 최근의 연구 동향을 분석하였다. 선형 시스템 해석을 통하여 연소 불안정이 발생하는 고유 주파수 및 불안정 초기 성장률의 예측이 가능하다. 이를 위하여 정의된 시스템에서의 음향파와 열발생율 섭동간의 선형 관계식을 선형 음향 이론으로부터 유도할 수 있고, 이 관계식의 해를 구하기 위해서 가장 중요한 부분은 화염 전달 함수로부터 n-${\tau}$ 함수를 구하여 열발생율 섭동 결과에 대한 정보를 얻는 것이다. 현재까지의 연구 결과로부터 선형 특성 해석에는 상당한 진보가 이루어져 왔고, 실제 가스터빈 연소기에 적용하는 노력이 있었으나, 한계 진폭과 과도기 현상 예측을 위해서 요구되는 비선형 동적 특성 모델링 기술 개발은 현재 간단한 연소기와 버너의 적용에 머물러 있는 실정이다. 실제 복잡한 가스터빈과 같은 연소 시스템에 적용되기 위해서는 비선형 경계 조건을 고려한 시스템 동적 특성 연구와 화염의 비선형 거동을 더욱 정확히 설명할 수 있는 전달 함수에 대한 예측 기술이 선행되어야 한다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.579-588
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• 2017

Creep and shrinkage are the main types of volume change with time in concrete. These changes cause deflection, cracking and stresses that affect durability, serviceability, long-term reliability and structural integrity of civil engineering infrastructure. Although laboratory test may be undertaken to determine the deformation properties of concrete, these are time-consuming, often expensive and generally not a practical option. Therefore, relatively simple empirically design code models are relied to predict the creep strain. This paper reviews the accuracy of creep and shrinkage predictions of reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls structures strengthened with carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates, which is characterized by a widthwise varying fibre volume fraction. This review is yielded by three commonly used international "code type" models. The assessed are the: CEB-FIP MC 90 model, ACI 209 model and Bazant & Baweja (B3) model. The time-dependent behavior was investigated to analyze their seismic behavior. In the numerical formulation, the adherents and the adhesives are all modelled as shear wall elements, using the mixed finite element method. Several tests were used to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method. Numerical results from the present analysis are presented to illustrate the significance of the time-dependency of the lateral displacements and eigenfrequencies modes.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.286-294
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• 2009

Hydroelectric power plants are known for their ability to cover variations of the consumption in electrical power networks. In order to follow this changing demand, hydraulic machines are subject to off-design operation. In that case, the swirling flow leaving the runner of a Francis turbine may act under given conditions as an excitation source for the whole hydraulic system. In high load operating conditions, vortex rope behaves as an internal energy source which leads to the self excitation of the system. The aim of this paper is to identify the influence of the full load excitation source location with respect to the eigenmodes shapes on the system stability. For this, a new eigenanalysis tool, based on eigenvalues and eigenvectors computation of the nonlinear set of differential equations in SIMSEN, has been developed. First the modal analysis method and linearization of the set of the nonlinear differential equations are fully described. Then, nonlinear hydro-acoustic models of hydraulic components based on electrical equivalent schemes are presented and linearized. Finally, a hydro-acoustic SIMSEN model of a simple hydraulic power plant, is used to apply the modal analysis and to show the influence of the turbine location on system stability. Through this case study, it brings out that modeling of the pipe viscoelastic damping is decisive to find out stability limits and unstable eigenfrequencies.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2017

현재의 초음파 두께 측정에 기반한 배관 감육 검사 속도를 개선하기 위해 배관 쉘 진동 모드의 고유 진동수 변화를 이용한 감육 검사 기법을 제안하였다. 감육이 발생한 부위의 축방향 수직 단면의 두께는 원주 방향을 따라 불균일하게 변화하는데, 두께가 균일한 경우에 비해 쉘 모드의 고유 진동수가 감소하거나 두 개 이상으로 분기됨을 확인하였다. 배관의 고유 진동수는 한 번의 측정으로도 평가할 수 있으므로, 제안한 방법을 이용하면 축방향 수직 단면의 평균 두께 변화를 빠르게 확인할 수 있어 초음파 두께 측정 방식에 비해 신속한 감육 검사가 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 제안 기법의 원리를 설명하고, 2차원과 3차원 감육 배관 모델 및 시편을 이용한 전산 해석과 실험을 통해 제안한 기법의 적용성을 검증하였다.