• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.314-317
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• 2005

The potential therapeutic effect of ozone gas on bovine mastitis was investigated. Eighteen quarters from 18 lactating cows with chronic mastitis were included. The 18 quarters were assigned to the control group (treatment with antibiotics for 3 days), experimental group I (0.1 ppm ozone treatment, for 7 days) and experimental group II (1ppm ozone treatment, for 3days). In experimental group I, milk somatic cell counts were lower on day 7 after ozone treatment, compared to the pretreated counts, but were higher than the control counts. In experimental group II, somatic cell counts were significantly decreased (p<0.05) on day 7 compared to the pretreatment counts, and they were lower than the control counts. There were no changes in leukocyte, neutrophil, or lymphocyte numbers, N/L ratios, N/L ratios, or serum total protein in the control and experimental groups. We concluded that ozone gas treatment(1ppm for 3days) might be effective for treatment of bovine mastitis.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.114-119
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• 2011

In this study, two duplex real-time PCR approach with melting curve analysis is presented for the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus, which are important food-borne bacterial pathogens usually present in fresh and/or minimally processed vegetables. Reaction conditions were adjusted for the simultaneous amplification and detection of specific fragments in the ${\beta}$-glucuronidase (uidA, E. coli), thermonuclease (nuc, S. aureus), hemolycin (hly, L. monocytogenes) and tetrathionate reductase (ttr, Salmonella spp.) genes. Melting curve analysis using a SYBR Green I real-time PCR approach showed characteristic $T_m$ values demonstrating the specific and efficient amplification of the four pathogens; $80.6{\pm}0.9^{\circ}C$, $86.9{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$, $80.4{\pm}0.6^{\circ}C$ and $88.1{\pm}0.11^{\circ}C$ for S. aureus, E. coli O157:H7, L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp., respectively. For all the pathogens, the two duplex, real-time PCR was equally sensitive to uniplex real-time PCR, using same amounts of purified DNA, and allowed detection of 10 genome equivalents. When our established duplex real-time PCR assay was applied to artificially inoculated fresh lettuce, the detection limit was $10^3$ CFU/g for each of these pathogens without enrichment. The results from this study showed that the developed duplex real-time PCR with melting curve analysis is promising as a rapid and cost-effective test method for improving food safety.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.61-75
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to prove the angiogenesis effects of WhaYoungJiTongTang (hereinafter referred to as the 'WYJTT'). For the study, by utilizing liver cancer cell line; SK-HEP-1, lung cancer cell line: A549, stomach cancer cell line: AGS and bovine capillary endothelial cell: BCE, the effects of the WYJTT on toxicity and proliferation ability of cells and the effects on anti-angiogenesis of bovine capillary endothelial cell and of mice's aorta were studied. 1. Cell viability assay In comparison with the control group, when $100{\mu}g/ml$ of WYJTT was injected, the viability was reduced in SK-Hep-1, $400{\mu}g/ml$ in A549 and $200{\mu}g/ml$ in AGS. 2. Cell proliferation assay In comparison with the control group, when $600{\mu}g/ml$ of WYITT was injected, DNA synthesis was reduced to 35.1% in the SK-Hep-1, 56.0% in A549, and 25.8% in BCE (bovine capillary endothelial cell); and when $400{\mu}g/ml$ was injected, DNA synthesis was reduced to 12.1 in AGS. 3. Tube formation assay In the event that BCE is injected with WYJTT in each of its content gradient, the anti-angiogenesis was effective in amounts of $400{\mu}g/ml$ with 6 hours of the treatment. 4. Aortic ring assay In comparison with the control group, the angiogenesis was restricted to the remarkable degree in amount of $200{\mu}g/ml$: 10% in $400{\mu}g/ml$; and fully inhibited in each of $800{\mu}g/ml$ and $1600{\mu}g/ml$. As a result of the experiments mentioned above, WYJTT showed its anti-angiogenesis effects against cancer cell line.

• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.118-128
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• 2017

The scope of this work is to determine and compare the effect of electron temperature ($T_e$) and number density ($N_e$) on the yield rate and concentration of reactive chemical species ($^{\bullet}OH$, $H_2O_2$ and $O_3$) in an argon, air and oxygen injected negative DC (0-4 kV) capillary discharge with water flow(0.1 L/min). The discharge was created between tungsten pin-to pin electrodes (${\Phi}=0.5mm$) separated by a variable distance (1-2 mm) in a quartz capillary tube (2 mm inner diameter, 4 mm outer diameter), with various gas injection rates (100-800 sccm). Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) of the hydrogen Balmer lines was carried out to investigate the line shapes and intensities as functions of the discharge parameters such as the type of gas, gas injection rate and inter electrode gap distances. The intensity ratio method was used to calculate $T_e$ and Stark broadening of Balmer ${\beta}$ lines was adopted to determine $N_e$. The effects of $T_e$ and $N_e$ on the reactive chemical species formation were evaluated and presented. The enhancement in yield rate of reactive chemical species was revealed at the higher electron temperature, higher gas injection rates, higher discharge power and larger inter-electrode gap. The discharge with oxygen injection was the most effective one for increasing the reactive chemical species concentration. The formation of reactive chemical species was shown more directly related to $T_e$ than $N_e$ in a flowing water gas injected negative DC capillary discharge.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 1995

For several years lots of attempts have been made to establish the liquid membrane-based techniques for separations of gas mixtures especially containing carbon dioxide. A more effective system to separate $CO_{2}$ from flue gases, a circulatory hollow-fiber membrane absorber(HFMA) consisting of absorption and desorption modules with vacuum mode, has been considered in this study. Gas-liquid mass transfer has been modeled on a membrane module with non-wetted hollow-fibers in the laminar flow regime. The influence of an absorbent flow rate on the separation performance of the circulatory HFMA can be predicted quantitatively by obtaining the $CO_{2}$ concentration profile in a tube side. The system of $CO_{2}/N_{2}$ binary gas mixture has been studied using pure water as an(inert) absorbent. As the absorbent flow rate is increased, the permeation flux(i.e., defined as permeation rate/membrane contact area) also increases. The enhanced selectivity compared to the previous results, on the other hand, shows the decreasing behavior. It has been found obviously that the permeation flux depends on the variations of pressure in gas phase of desorption module. From an accurate comparison with the results of conventional flat sheet membrane module, the advantageous permeability of this circulatory HFMA can be clearly ascertained as expected. Our efforts to the theoretical model will provide the basic analysis on the circulatory HFMA technique for a better design and process.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.306-311
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• 2006

Cell preservation is indispensable in animal cell culture process and should be established according to the cell characteristics. In this study, we experimented hypothermic preservation of CHO cells that is widely used in pharmaceutical industry to produce therapeutic proteins and established a stable method of preservation. The highest viability of CHO cells was obtained when the cells were preserved using rolling tube, which means the cells should be suspended to avoid the cell lumping during the preservation. Also, we obtained superior preservation result under the anaerobic condition. To evaluate the serum-free media as a preservation solution, we investigated cell growth after hypothermic preservation using serum-free media. High cell viability and normal cell growth was observed during 10 days using serum-free media. Moreover, we found that more effective preservation when ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and retinoic acid is added to media as an additive. In the case of 1 liter large scale hypothermic preservation using established protocol, cell viability and growth rate was obtained as good as small scale one. This study is considered to be helpful for hypothermic preservation of CHO cells and large scale hypothermic preservation may be available through the further studies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.4666-4672
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• 2011

Performance of NOx removal in SCR(Selective Catalytic Reduction) process depends on such various factors as catalyst factors (catalyst composition, catalyst form, space velocity, etc.), temperature of exhaust gas, and velocity distribution of exhaust gas. Especially the flow uniformity of gas stream flowing into the catalyst layer is believed to be the most important factor to influence the performance. In this research, the flow characteristics of a SCR process at design stage was simulated, using 3-dimensional numerical analysis method, to confirm the uniformity of the gas stream. In addition, the effects of guide vanes, baffles, and perforated plates on the flow uniformity for the inside and catalyst layer of the reactor were studied in order to optimize the flow uniformity inside the SCR reactor. It was found that the installation of a guide vane at the inlet duct L-tube part and the installation of a baffle at the upper part is very effective in avoiding chaneling inside the reactor. It was also found that additional installation of a perforated plate at the lower part of the potential catalyst layer buffers once more the flow for very uniform distribution of the gas stream.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.237-242
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• 2009

Objectives : The incidence of zoonoses in Korea has increased recently. However, the study of high risk groups for zoonoses has not been conducted to date in Korea. Thus, we did this study to obtain data on brucellosis among slaughterhouse workers in Korea. Methods : We evaluated the structure of slaughterhouses and the process of slaughtering by reviewing the relevant literature and doing field studies. We visited 73 slaughterhouses and 62 residual products handle houses across the country. In addition, we conducted a questionnaire survey of the work activities, and obtained blood samples in order to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of brucellosis. The titers of brucellosis antibodies were measured using the standard tube agglutination test SAT). We diagnosed subjects as seropositive for Brucellosis if the titers were more than 1:160. The data collected was evaluated using SPSS ver. 17.0. Results : We included 1,503 subjects and obtained 1,482 blood samples among them: 849 workers involved in slaughtering, 351 handlers of residual products, 190 inspectors and their assistants, and 92 grading testers and their assistants. The seroprevalence of brucellosis among the slaughterhouse workers was 0.8% (95% CI=0.4-1.5). Broken down, the seroprevalence of brucellosis among the workers involved in slaughtering was 0.7% (95% CI=0.3-1.6), the handlers of residual products was 1.7% (95% CI=0.7-3.9) respectively. Risk factors for contracting brucellosis among slaughterhouse workers were being splashed with cattle blood around the mouth, cattle secretions around the body and not putting on protective apron while at work. Conclusions : An educational program is needed for high risk groups on zoonoses about the prevention of infection. Thus, effective working guidelines for workers who participate in the slaughter of animals must be developed in order to protect them from zoonoses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.109-115
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of 128 MDCT (multi-detector computed tomography) for reducing the CareDose 4D dose and comparing the image quality with the fixed tube current technique. For this purpose, we conducted the phantom and clinical studies to evaluate the exposure dose and image of the subject before and after applying the CareDose 4D system in abdominal examination using 128 MDCT. In the phantom study, ROI (Region of interest) was located at the center, 3, 6, 9, 12 o'clock, into two groups: group A without CareDose 4D and Group B applied were measured. In the clinical study, ROI was located at the liver 8 segments, divided into two groups too. The measured items were CT number, noise, and dose length product (DLP) dose. The result of CTDIvol (CT Dose Index volume) measurements in phantom and clinical studies were lower than those before CareDose 4D application, and dose and effective dose were also measured lower (p<.05). There was no difference in CT number before and after application (p>.05). In conclusion, using CareDose 4D, we can obtain optimal image information without deteriorating image quality while reducing patient dose.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.38 no.9
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• pp.739-745
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• 2014

Although medication is given to heart disease patients, conventional medication alone is not sufficient to treat heart disease. However, it has been reported that left ventricular assist device (LVAD) transplantation is an effective bridge to heart transplantation by assisting cardiac function. This study used long-term animal testing and emergency situations with a bovine model (Holstein) and canine model (Labrador-retriever) to evaluate the biocompatibility of LibraHeart-I (LH-1), which is a bent-tube type of LVAD that was developed in a previous study. In the long-term animal testing with the bovine model, the subjects survived for 49 days with no irregularities observed in their complete blood cell counts or the vital sign tests that were carried out during the test period. In short-term animal testing with the canine model, it was observed that blood did not remain inside the LH-I even without power support from an external drive source. In this study, the biocompatibility of the LH-I that was developed in a previous study was verified by the ejection performance during long-term animal testing and emergency situations.