• Title/Summary/Keyword: Effective Value

Search Result 6,084, Processing Time 0.034 seconds

Analysis of the Behavior of Undrained Pore Water Pressure in Saturated Sand by Isotropic Loading Test (포화된 사질토에서 등방재하시험에 의한 비배수 공극수압의 거동분석)

  • Eam, Sung-Hoon
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
    • /
    • v.47 no.4
    • /
    • pp.43-52
    • /
    • 2005
  • It is known in some literatures that the B value is not equal to unity in saturated soil when effective stress is given, in which the B Value is the ratio of measured excess pore water pressure and isometric loading pressure. In this study the B value was measured on various effective stresses and on various incremental loading stresses in various grain size of specimens with saturated sand. The test results showed that the B value was affected largely by grain size of sand in specimen and the amount of effective stress. There was the semi-logarithmic relationship between B value and effective stress, and also there was the linear relationship between the gradient of the former semi-logarithmic relationship and grain size of specimen.

3-Phase RMS Voltage Measurement Method of Virtual Frequence using Instantaneous Power Component Concept (순시전력 합성 개념을 이용한 가상주파수 3상 실효전압 계측기법)

  • Park, Seong-Mi;Yang, Ji-Hoon;Park, Sung-Jun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
    • /
    • v.22 no.3
    • /
    • pp.251-257
    • /
    • 2019
  • This paper proposes a new measurement method using virtual power concept to measure the effective value of 3-phase voltage with variable frequency. The conventional effective value measurement method uses a method of integrating data sampled during one or half cycle of the power voltage and averaging it. In this method, since the effective voltage is calculated every cycle, a time delay occurs in the measured effective voltage and it is s a problem to measure the effective value of a device whose frequency varies from time to time, such as a generator. The proposed 3-phase voltage rms measurement method has an advantage that it can measure accurate voltage RMS value regardless of measurement frequency variation. In particular, there is an advantage in that it is possible to measure a 3-phase effective voltage rather than an average value of the effective voltage of each phase in a 3-phase unbalance voltage. In addition, the validity of the proposed method is verified by using the Psim simulation tool and the experimental results are analyzed by applying the proposed measurement algorithm to the actual three phase synchronous generator voltage measurement experiment.

A Proposal of the Quality Models and Additive Value Degrees for the Effective Application in the Rural Houses Design Value Engineering (효율적인 농촌주택 개발을 위한 설계VE 품질모델 및 가중치 제안)

  • Min, Kyung-Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
    • /
    • v.7 no.2
    • /
    • pp.1-8
    • /
    • 2005
  • In a rural house, it is necessary to make a quality model that choose effective design value engineering. So more effective models, this study examine requests of a rural house project designers, constructors, and tenants. Checked items are classified into four groups that working area, dwelling area, constructive and environmental parts. Each groups are also divided into detailed items for basic decisional elements. When basis points sets 10, it can be divided that working area parts 3pts, dwelling area parts 2.5pts, constructive parts 3pts and environmental parts 1.5pts. In this results, we can make a proposal of evaluation on additive value quality model for a rural house in design value engineering.

  • PDF

A Study on Correlation of Effective Discharge Energy and Exhaust Emission of Gasoline Vehicle (가솔린자동차의 유효방전에너지와 배기가스와의 상관관계 연구)

  • Yoo, Jongsik;Kim, Chulsoo
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
    • /
    • v.22 no.7
    • /
    • pp.70-75
    • /
    • 2014
  • The experiment was done on traveling at the speed of 20km/h, 60km/h and 100km/h using the performance testing mode for chassis dynamometer. The experimental method were employed to measure the waveform of secondary ignition coil and exhaust emission. In this experiment, the correlation between the secondary waveform coming from ignition coil and exhaust emission were measured in decrepit vehicle. The secondary waveform characterized by the value of effective discharge energy. The following results are obtained by analyzing the data relativity between the effective discharge energy and exhaust emission. The variation rate of effective discharge energy was largest 60km/h, 20km/h, 100km/h velocity in the ordered named. As the vehicle velocity increases, the average variation rate of CO and $NO_X$ decreases and that of HC and $CO_2$ decrease. The value of effective discharge energy, CO, $NO_X$ and fuel consumption is measured badly in case of car with failures in MAP, spark plug and good in case of car with before and after maintenance regardless of vehicle velocities. The value of effective discharge energy is to be nearly parabolic shape as vehicle velocity increases. As the value of effective discharge energy increases, the value of $NO_X$, HC and $CO_2$ decrease, the value of CO increase. The most sensible factors of exhaust emission were CO, $NO_X$, and the small variation factors were HC, $CO_2$.

A Study on The Estimation of Effective Bulk Modulus of Hydraulic Oil With Pressure Variation (압력변동에 따른 유압유의 유효체적탄성계수 측정에 대한 연구)

  • 이재천;정용승
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
    • /
    • v.11 no.1
    • /
    • pp.179-184
    • /
    • 2003
  • It has been recognized that the compressibility of hydraulic fluid, which is characterized by the value of its bulk modulus, heavily affects on the system behavior and performance. In practice, the value of the oil bulk modulus varies by the operational and structural characteristics of the hydraulic system. This study presents the theoretical derivation of the effective bulk modulus and describes an experimental impulse technique that allows accurate measurement of oil effective bulk modulus with pressure variation in a hydraulic system. Experimental and analytical results show that the value of the effective bulk modulus varies a lot in low pressure region by the effect of entrained air, while the effective bulk modulus can be estimated just using the oil and container bulk modulus on the other high pressure region.

The Behavior of Undrained Pore Water Pressure in Normally Consolidated and Saturated Clay(I) - Analysis by Isotropic Loading Test - (포화된 정규압밀 점성토에서 비배수 공극수압의 거동(I) - 등방재하시험에 의한 분석 -)

  • 임성훈;이달원
    • Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
    • /
    • v.45 no.4
    • /
    • pp.126-136
    • /
    • 2003
  • The B value on the saturated soil is commonly known as the amount of 1. Usually this concept is consistent with the condition that effective stress is equal to zero, but it was reported in some literatures that the B value was less than 1 in spite of saturated condition in the test of very stiff material such as rock and quasi-stiff material on which the stiffness can be mobilized because of effective stress not equal to zero. In this study the B value was measured on various effective stress conditions on normally consolidated clay. The test results in the B value less than 1 in spite of perfect saturation. The measured excessive pore water pressure was not only smaller than the change of the total stress, but also the function of time on clay.

Investigation on radiation shielding parameters of cerrobend alloys

  • Tellili, Borhan;Elmahroug, Youssef;Souga, Chedly
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
    • /
    • v.49 no.8
    • /
    • pp.1758-1771
    • /
    • 2017
  • In this study, to determine the most effective alloy for shielding against gamma-rays, the gamma-ray shielding parameters of six types of cerrobend alloys have been investigated. Gamma-ray interaction with the cerrobend alloys has been discussed mainly in terms of total mass attenuation coefficient (${\mu}_t$), half value layer (HVL), tenth value layer (TVL), effective atomic number ($Z_{eff}$), and effective electron density ($N_{eff}$). These parameters have been calculated by theoretical approach using the ParShield program in a photon energy range between 0.1 MeV and 100 GeV. The dependence of these parameters on the incident photon energy and chemical composition of the cerrobend alloys has been studied.

A study on perceived value of work having effect on organizational attitude of dental hygienists (치과위생사들의 직업가치인식이 조직태도에 미치는 영향)

  • Yoon, Hee-Suk;Kim, Young-Sun
    • Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
    • /
    • v.8 no.3
    • /
    • pp.65-72
    • /
    • 2008
  • This study has collected 322 clinical dental hygienists working in Daegu and around Daegu, in order to investigate perceived value of work among dental hygienists and extent of organizational attitude and find relationship between these, and we can finds these conclusions as follows; 1. The total average point of perceived value of work is 3.36(5 is a full mark), and we could gain each points as follows; vision realizability 3.53, process efficiency 3.42, product usefulness 3.32, job significance 3.31, social recognition 3.23. 2. The total average point of organizational attitude is 3.13, and job satisfaction, organizational commitment are 3.14, 3.12 respectively. 3. Variables of perceived value of work related job satisfaction are social recognition, vision realizability, process efficiency,(Social recognition is the most effective variable, and next vision realizability, process efficiency are effective in the order named.)($R^2$=.24) and we could find that job satisfaction is proportion to perceived value of work, according to relationship of these variables. Variables of perceived value of work related to organizational commitment are also vision realizability, social recognition, process efficiency,(Vision realizability is the most effective variable, and next social recognition, process efficiency are effective in the order named.)($R^2$=.32) and we could find that organizational commitment is proportion to perceived value of work, according to relationship of these variables. According to these result, perceived value of work and organization attitude(job satisfaction, organizational commitment) of dental hygienists are affirmative. but to make their attitudes be more affirmative, the research about improving perceived value of work is needed. Especially, vision realizability and social satisfaction are very important variables at perceived value of work of dental hygienists.

  • PDF

Providing Effective Feedback within Pharmacy Practice Education (약학 실무실습교육에서의 효과적인 피드백)

  • Yoon, Jeong-Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
    • /
    • v.27 no.2
    • /
    • pp.55-62
    • /
    • 2017
  • Experiential education is a core curriculum of pharmacy education. In experiential education, formative feedback is an integral component of learning and teaching process. Feedback is defined as information provided by a preceptor regarding student's performance based on direct observation. With effective feedback, students can have opportunities to reinforce or correct behaviors and to acquire knowledge or skills. Students highly value and appreciate feedback. They rank provision of effective feedback as one of the most important qualities of preceptors. Preceptors, however, lack an understanding of feedback or practical skills necessary for providing effective feedback. As a result in reality, the feedback provided to students can be differentially effective in improving students' learning. This article describes a theoretical understanding of feedback including definition and value, as well as types of feedback. In addition, practical aspects in providing feedback, such as contents, timing, techniques, and models, are addressed. By understanding the value of feedback and mastering various feedback skills, preceptors will promote students' learning and enhance educational outcomes of experiential education.

Consumers' Type According to Narcissistic Orientation and Consumption Value of Apparel Products and Cosmetics (나르시시즘성향에 따른 소비자유형과 의류제품 및 화장품 소비가치)

  • Hwang, Yeon-Soon
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
    • /
    • v.13 no.3
    • /
    • pp.364-372
    • /
    • 2011
  • The primary purposes of this study were to classify consumer's type according to narcissistic orientation of consumer and then to reveal consumer's perception differences on consumption value of apparel products and cosmetics subject to the types. Data were collected from 194 female college students in Ulsan. It was analyzed by frequency analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis and MANOVA, ANOVA using SPSS Win 12.0. The results were as follows: First, consumer's types classified according to narcissistic orientation were non-narcissist, high-narcissist, leadership and self-absorption. Second, in the consumption value of apparel products case, there were significant differences in effective value, symbolic value and sensitive value among the types. Third, in the consumption value of cosmetics case, there were significant differences in sensitive value and effective value among the types.