• Title/Summary/Keyword: Ecosystem health

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Application of Zooplankton Index for Korean Lake Health Assessment; Verification of Community Index for Lake Assessment Using Multi Metric (호소생태계 건강성 평가를 위한 동물플랑크톤 MMI의 국내 적용 연구)

  • Yerim Choi;Hye-Ji Oh;Hyunjoon Kim;Geun-Hyeok Hong;Dae-Hee Lee;Ihn-Sil Kwak;Chang Woo Ji;Young-Seuk Park;Yong-Jae Kim;Kwang-Hyeon Chang
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.56 no.1
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    • pp.70-82
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    • 2023
  • Recently, Korean government has introduced Multi Metric Indices (MMI) using various biocommunity information for aquatic ecosystem monitoring and ecosystem health assessment at the national level. MMI is a key tool in national ecosystem health assessment programs. The MMI consists of indices that respond to different target environmental factors, including environmental disturbance (e.g. nutrients, hydrological and hydraulic situation of site etc.). We used zooplankton community information collected from Korean lakes to estimate the availability of candidate zooplankton MMI indices that can be used to assess lake ecosystem health. First, we modified the candidate indices proposed by the U.S. EPA to suit Korean conditions. The modified indices were subjected to individual index suitability analysis, correlation analysis with environmental variables, and redundancy analysis among indices, and 19 indices were finally selected. Taxonomic diversity was suggested to be an important indicator for all three taxonomic groups (cladoceran, copepod, rotifer), on the other hand, the indices using biomass for large cladocerans and copepods, while the indices using abundance were suggested for small cladocerans and rotifers.

The Quality Control Method in the Laboratory Analysis of Aquatic Ecosystem Health Monitoring and Assessment: Permanent Mounting Slides Tool Development Using Benthic Attached Diatoms. (수생태계 건강성 조사·평가를 위한 실내분석 정도관리 방법: 부착돌말류 영구표본 분석도구 개발)

  • Jae-Ki Shin;Nan-Young Kim;Yongeun Park;Kyung-Lak Lee;Baik-Ho Kim;Yong-Jae Kim;Han-Soon Kim;Jung Ho Lee;Hak Young Lee;Soon-Jin Hwang
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.56 no.3
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    • pp.196-206
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    • 2023
  • Benthic attached diatoms (BADs), a major primary producer in lotic stream and river ecosystems are micro-sized organisms and require a highly magnified microscopic technique in the observation work. Thus, it is often not easy to ensure accuracy and precision in both qualitative and quantitative analyses. This study proposed a new technique applicable to improve quality control of aquatic ecosystem monitoring and assessment using BADs. In order to meet the purpose of quality control, we developed a permanent mounting slide technique which can be used for both qualitative and quantitative analyses simultaneously. We designed specimens with the combination of grid on both cover and slide glasses and compared their efficiency. As a result of observation and counting of BADs, the slide glass designed with the color-lined grid showed the highest efficiency compared to other test conditions. We expect that the method developed in this study could be effectively used to analyze BADs and contributed to improve the quality control in aquatic ecosystem health monitoring and assessment.

Fish Toxicity Tests for Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals

  • Tadokoro, Hiroshi
    • Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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    • 2001.05a
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    • pp.42-43
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    • 2001
  • Ecotoxicology is a research area for adverse effect of chemicals to ecosystem. While toxicology is directly related to human health, relation between ecotoxicology and human health is indirect. In this connection, public awareness of environmental effect has been rather behind that for health effects. Historically the first concern in ecotoxicology was adverse effect of pollution on organisms in waters receiving industrial wastewater. (omitted)

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A Study of Establishment of Medical CRM Model in the Post-Corona Era : Focusing on the Primary-Level Hospital (포스트 코로나시대 의료기관 CRM시스템 구축모형 : 의원급 의료기관을 중심으로)

  • Kim, Kang-hoon;Ko, Min-seok;Kim, Hoon
    • Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the medical ecosystem in the post-corona era. In addition, this study introduces a new medical CRM model that allows primary-level hospitals to overcome the economic difficulties and to occupy a competitive advantage in the post-corona era. The medical environment in the post-corona era is expected to be changed by non-face-to-face treatment, reinforcement of public medical care, the transformation of a medical system centered on the primary-level hospitals, and the use of AI and big data technologies. The medical CRM model presented in this study emphasizes the establishment of mutual customer relationships through close information exchange between patients, primary-level hospital, and the government. In the post-corona era, primary-level hospitals should not simply be approached as private hospital pursuing profitability. These should be reestablished as the hospitals that can provide public health care services while ensuring stable profitability.

The Applications of a Multi-metric LEHA Model for an Environmental Impact Assessments of Lake Ecosystems and the Ecological Health Assessments (호수생태계 환경영향평가를 위한 LEHA 다변수 모델 적용 및 생태건강성 평가)

  • Han, Jeong-Ho;An, Kwang-Guk
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.483-501
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study was to apply a multi-metric model of Lentic Ecosystem Health Assessments(LEHA) for environmental impact assessments of Cheongpyung Reservoir during 2005 - 2006 and assessed the ecological model values. The ecosystem model of LEHA was composed of eleven metrics such as biological parameters($B_p$), physical parameters($P_p$), and chemical parameters($C_p$), and determined the rank of ecological health by the criteria. The variables of $B_p$ were metrics of % sensitive species($M_2$, NMS) and insectivore species($M_5$, % $I_n$), which decrease as the water quality degradates, and these metric values were low as 1.5% and 32.4%, respectively. In contrast, the proportions of tolerant species and omnivore species as the other $B_p$ parameters were 43% and 62%, respectively, which indicate a degradation and disturbance of the ecosystem. Riparian vegetation coverage($M_9$, % $V_c$) as a variable of $P_p$, were higher in the 2nd than 1st survey, and decreased toward the dam site from the headwaters. This was due to a habitat simplification(modifications) by frequent bottom dredging of sand and rocks. The variables of $C_p$ were two metrics of specific conductivity($M_{10}$, $C_I$) as an indicator of ionic contents(cations and anions) and the Trophic State Index(TSI) based on chlorophyll-a($M_{11}$, $TSI_{CHL}$) as an indicator of trophic state. These metric values of $C_p$ had high temporal variations, but low spatial variations on the main axis of the reservoir along with the ecological health of a good condition. The environmental impact assessments using the LEHA multi-metric model indicated that the model values of LEHA averaged 30.7 in 1st survey(fair - poor condition) vs. 28 in 2nd survey(poor condition), indicating a temporal variation of the ecological health. The model values of LEHA showed a minimum(28) in the lacustrine zone(S5) and ranged from 29 to 30 in the other locations sampled, indicating a low longitudinal variation. Overall, environmental impact assessments, based on LEHA model, suggest that chemical water quality conditions were in good, but biological conditions were disturbed due to habitat modifications by frequent dredgings in the system.

Analysis of Relative Importance of Socio·Economic Factors in Establishing Diagnosis Systems for Impaired Stream Ecosystem (국내 수생태계 훼손 원인 진단체계 구축을 위한 사회·경제적 특성의 상대적 중요도 분석)

  • An, Kyung-Jin;Kim, Su-Yeon;Lee, Sang-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.13-26
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    • 2018
  • The restoration of the impaired stream ecosystem is an important part of river policies in Ministry of Environment (MoE). However, the diagnosing the impairment sources of stream ecosystem has been omitted on the current river projects and policies. This phenomena lead the remaining impairment sources keep influencing on negative effects on streams. Hence, it is critical to construct a diagnosis system of impairment sources in order to increase the efficiency of various river restoration projects and policies. Moreover, it is also important to understand the relative impact of socio-economic factors of the impairment of stream ecosystems so as to build a domestic diagnosis system in place. Therefore, the study aims to analyse the relative effects of socio-economic factors which are the source of the stream ecosystem impairments through implementing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In order to achieve the goal, a list of socio-economic factors influencing the stream health has been derived. On the basis of the derived causes list, AHP questionnaire were carried out to the experts of aquatic ecology. The study results could be implemented to analysing the relative influence of socio-economic impairment causes in domestic stream environments. In addition, more case study investigation is needed to cross-check if the derived impairment causes and weights are applied in the field as well as to develop more reliable indicators.

Characterizing Responses of Biological Trait and Functional Diversity of Benthic Macroinvertebrates to Environmental Variables to Develop Aquatic Ecosystem Health Assessment Index (환경변이에 대한 저서성 대형무척추동물의 생물학적 형질과 기능적 다양성 분석: 수생태계 건강성 평가 관점에서)

  • Moon, Mi Young;Ji, Chang Woo;Lee, Dae-Seong;Lee, Da-Yeong;Hwang, Soon-Jin;Noh, Seong-Yu;Kwak, Ihn-Sil;Park, Young-Seuk
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.53 no.1
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    • pp.31-45
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    • 2020
  • The biological indices based on the community structure with species richness and/or abundance are commonly used to assess aquatic ecosystem health. Meanwhile, recently functional traits-based approach is considered in ecosystem health assessment to reflect ecosystem functioning. In this study, we developed a database of biological traits for 136 taxa consisting of major stream insects (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera, Coleoptera, and Odonata) collected at Korean streams on the nationwide scale. In addition, we obtained environmental variables in five categories (geography, climate, land use, hydrology and physicochemistry) measured at each sampling site. We evaluated the relationships between community indices based on taxonomic diversity and functional diversity estimated from biological traits. We classified sampling sites based on similarities of their environmental variables and evaluated relations between clusters of sampling sites and diversity indices and biological traits. Our results showed that functional diversity was highly correlated with Shannon diversity index and species richness. The six clusters of sampling sites defined by a hierarchical cluster analysis reflected differences of their environmental variables. Samples in cluster 1 were mostly from high altitude areas, whereas samples in cluster 6 were from lowland areas. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) displayed similar patterns with cluster analysis and presented variation of taxonomic diversity and functional diversity. Based on NMDS and community-weighted mean trait value matrix, species in clusters 1-3 displayed the resistance strategy in the life history strategy to the environmental variables whereas species in clusters 4-6 presented the resilience strategy. These results suggest that functional diversity can complement the biological monitoring assessment based on taxonomic diversity and can be used as biological monitoring assessment tool reflecting changes of ecosystem functioning responding to environmental changes.

Assessing Habitat Quality and Risk of Coastal Areasin Busan (부산 연안역의 서식지 질 및 위험도 평가)

  • Jeong, Sehwa;Sung, Kijune
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.95-105
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    • 2022
  • Busan, where the coastal ecosystem health is deteriorating due to high development pressure and intensity of use, needs ecosystem management that considers humans and the natural environment together for sustainable use and ecosystem preservation of the coastal areas. In this study, the InVEST model was applied to assess the habitat status of the coastal land and coastal sea to manage the ecosystem based on habitats. As a result of the assessment of the coastal land, the habitat quality of Gadeok-do, Igidae, and Sinseondae, Gijang-gun are high, and Seo-gu, Jung-gu, Dong-gu, and Suyeong-gu are low. In the case of the coastal sea, the habitat risk of the Nakdong river estuary is low, and some areas of Yeongdo-gu, Saha-gu, Gangseo-gu are high. Therefore, for the sustainable use and preservation of coastal ecosystems, it is necessary to prepare ecosystem-based management measures to improve damaged habitats and reduce threats. In addition, the impact on coastal seas should be fully considered when planning coastal land development. The results of the InVEST habitat quality model in coastal land show similar tendencies to the biotope and environmental conservation value assessment map. The results of the habitat risk assessment in the coastal sea are expected to be utilized to identify habitats in the coastal sea and management of threat factors.

Advanced medical devices and regulatory innovations in new health technology assessments (의료기기 발전과 신의료기술평가 규제혁신)

  • Lee, You Kyoung
    • Journal of the Korean Medical Association
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    • v.61 no.12
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    • pp.702-705
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    • 2018
  • Advances in technology lead to advances in medical devices, and these advances have the positive effect of creating opportunities for beneficial developments in healthcare, such as innovating traditional healthcare processes or expanding opportunities for diagnosing and treating diseases. Nonetheless, device developers, suppliers, users, insurers, and patients all face the challenge of balancing patient safety and health effectiveness with a reasonable profit. In Korea, the New Health Technology Assessment system aims to introduce safe and effective health technology, but this is only effective for the entry of devices onto the healthcare market. This system is not enough for creating a healthy ecosystem in which high-quality technologies and devices survive in the market and naturally exit from the market if not successful. The nation must not lag in the rapid development of medical devices, but the concomitant requirement for patient safety is like two rabbits moving in different directions. There is not enough time to resolve each source of uncertainty for both developers and users. The early adoption of health technologies, including medical devices, offers new opportunities for treatment and diagnosis, but also poses unexpected health risks. Thus, we need to design a plan to generate scientific evidence related to medical devices after they introduced into practice. Additionally, regarding the use of individual medical devices, we believe that the creation of a healthy ecosystem for medical devices by implementing medical device surveillance culture is a way to manage the opportunities and risks of the early introduction of innovative medical devices.

Ecosystem Diagnosis and Evaluations Using Various Stream Ecosystem Models (다양한 하천생태모델을 이용한 생태계 진단 및 평가)

  • Kim, Ja-Hyun;Lee, Eui-Haeng;An, Kwang-Guk
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.40 no.3
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    • pp.370-378
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    • 2007
  • The objective of this research was to diagnose integrative ecological health in Bansuk Stream, one of the tributaries of Gap Stream, using the fish assemblage during July 2006${\sim}$April 2006. For this research, we selected six sampling sites and applied some approaches such as the Index of Biological Integrity (IBI), Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index (QHEI), and necropsy-based Health Assessment Index (HAI). The stream health condition, based on the IBI values, averaged 24 (n= 18, range: $10{\sim}46$), indicating "poor${\sim}$fair" condition according to the criteria of US EPA (1993). Physical habitat condition, based on the QHEI, averaged 116 (n=6, range: $77{\sim}139$), indicating "fair${\sim}$good" condition. Values of IBI were more correlated with 3 metrics of instream cover ($M_1$, r=0.553, p=0.017, n=18), flow/velocity ($M_3$, r=0.627, p=0.005, n=18), and riffes/bends ($M_7$, r=0.631, p=0.005, n=18) than other metrics. Value of HAI in the control was zero (i.e., excellent condition), while the values in the T1 and T2 treatments were 5 (range: 0${\sim}$30) and 50 (range: 40${\sim}$80), respectively. The maximum values of IBI (46) were coincided with zero of HAI. Thus, these approaches seem to be a good tool for a diagnosis and evaluations of stream ecosystem health.